scholarly journals The sarcoid granuloma: ‘epithelioid’ or ‘lymphocytic-epithelioid’ granuloma?

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdravko Kosjerina ◽  
Bojan Zaric ◽  
Dejan Vuckovic ◽  
Dusan Lalosevic ◽  
Goran Djenadic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Stereological Method ◽  
Epithelioid Granuloma ◽  
Sarcoid Granuloma ◽  
Predominant Cell Type ◽  
The Mean

Background: This study aims to analyze the structure and quantities of cellular elements in sarcoid granulomas. Methods: We investigated 34 transbronchial lung biopsy samples obtained from 34 sarcoid patients. The quantity and composition of the cellular elements inside a granuloma were determined by the quantitative stereometry method, employing the numerical density as a stereological method. Results: A total of 102 sarcoid granulomas were analyzed. The central part of all granulomas was occupied by epithelioid cells. Besides these, giant cells, lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells were also seen. The mean numerical density of all the cells in the central part of a sarcoid granuloma was 111,751 mm-3. Lymphocytes prevailed in number, exceeding the total count of all other cells. With a mean numerical density of 74,321 mm-3, lymphocytes were twice as numerous as both epithelioid cells and macrophages with a mean numerical density of 37,193 mm-3. Conclusions: Lymphocytes are the predominant cell type in the central part of a sarcoid granuloma, significantly exceeding both epithelioid cells and macrophages in number, raising the question if the term “epithelioid granuloma”, routinely used to designate sarcoid granulomas, is correct, or if it would be more logical to call them “lymphocytic-epithelioid granulomas” instead. Trial registration: This study was supported by the Serbian Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection Grant Number 175006/2011.

Identification, properties, and differential counts of cell populations using electron microscopy of dry cows secretions, colostrum and milk from normal cows

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee-Seong Lee ◽  
F. B. Peter Wooding ◽  
Patrick Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte ◽  
Polystyrene Latex ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Predominant Cell Type ◽  
Differential Counts

SummaryDifferential counts of electron microscope sections of cell pellets isolated from bovine udder secretions showed that no secretory epithelial cells and very few ductal epithelial cells were present at any stage. The predominant cell type was the macrophage in dry and lactating cows or the polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) in colostrum. Lymphocytes were also present but no plasma cells were found. The macrophages took up polystyrene latex particles (as did the PMNL) and adhered toglass in culture. Neither macrophage-nor PMNL-rich cell suspensions produced any increase in free fatty acid levels when incubated with fresh milk.

Equine Granulomatous Enteritis

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Cimprich
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
History Of ◽  
Microscopic Change ◽  
Granulomatous Enteritis

The gross abnormalities in the intestines of 10 horses with a history of chronic weight loss varied greatly. The principal microscopic change was granulomatous inflammation characterized by lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, epithelioid cells and giant cells. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, avian type, was isolated from the gut content of one horse, but no cause was found in the others. Horses previously reported to have tuberculosis had lesions similar to those described here. These lesions are also similar to those in Crohn's disease of man.

Leucocytes of sheep colostrum, milk and involution secretion, with particular reference to ultrastructure and lymphocyte sub-populations

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee-Seong Lee ◽  
Peter M. Outteridge
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Cell Percentage ◽  
Predominant Cell Type ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Extracellular Materials

SummaryThe leucocytes in sheep colostrum, milk and involution secretion were studied using the electron microscope. The predominant cell type in colostrum was the polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) (41–84%), followed by the macrophage (8–49%), and the lymphocyte (6–11 %). Plasma cells were present in low numbers (1–2%) while no secretory epithelial cells were observed. In mid-lactation the cell components changed so that the macrophage was the predominant cell (83–86%) followed by the lymphocyte (10–17%). In early involution secretion, PMNL reappeared but declined in secretion obtained 21 d after weaning, when the macrophage was again the predominant cell. Associated with the whole cells were membranous extracellular materials and ‘sunburst’ fragments of the secretory epithelial cells. These were phagocytosed by both PMNL and macrophages, which also engulfed fat droplets from the milk. The lymphocytes were examined for plasma membrane markers and the T-cell percentage (E+ rosettes) fluctuated within wide limits, (0–80 %). However, there was no discernible trend associated with stage of lactation. The B-cell markers (C1 and Fcγ) also fluctuated widely and it was evident that contaminating monocytes reduced the accuracy of the count. However, it appeared that more B-cells were present in milk than in blood.

Osteosarcoma of the jaws: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Ricotta ◽  
Massimo Bassi ◽  
Nicola Tomasetti ◽  
Angelo Campobassi ◽  
Vincenzo Maiolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Bone Erosion ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Complete Tumor Resection ◽  
Predominant Cell Type ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Complete Tumor

: Osteosarcoma of the jaws (OSJ) is a relatively rare disease, accounting for between 2% and 10% of all cases of osteosarcoma, it is morphologically and radiologically identical to the trunk and extremity variant, but distinct in several crucial aspects. : The lesion is characterized by sarcomatous cells which produces a variable amount of osteoid bone. It arises centrally within the bone and can be subdivided into osteoblastic, chondroblastic and fibroblastic subtype, depending on the predominant cell type. : Radiographically, these tumors display a spectrum of bone changes from well-demarcated borders to lytic bone destruction with indefinite margins and variable cortical bone erosion or, in some cases, images of sclerotic bone. Therapeutic options for OSJ include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are employed according to age of the patient, histological classification and localization of the tumor. Today there is no a general consensus in the treatment guidelines for the OSJ though surgery represents the key of the treatment. The main prognostic factor deeply influencing the patient's prognosis remains the complete tumor resection with negative surgical margins. : The aim of the present review is to describe the state of the art regarding diagnostic and surgical treatment aspects of the primary osteosarcoma of the jaws.

scholarly journals LARYNGOTRACHEITIS VIRUS IN CHICKENS

1967 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy G. Bang ◽  
Frederik B. Bang
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Nasal Fossa ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Alcian Blue Staining ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Histochemical Change ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus

Infectious laryngotracheitis can be produced in chickens as an experimental model of severe nonfatal rhinitis and sinusitis. Inoculated intranasally into unanesthetized baby chicks it remains limited to the nasal fossa, produces acute desquamation of all nasal epithelia, results in functional recovery of the respiratory epithelium, but leaves important residual abnormalities. From the earliest recognizable lesions through 4½ months' convalescence, the principal changes are as follows: 1. Initial lesions, or small syncytia of intranuclear "inclusions", first identifiable in the mucociliated cells of the shallowest portion of the epithelium at about 21 hr postinoculum (the inner surface of the maxillary conchal scroll). 2. Acute sloughing, (about 3 to 7 days), marked by: (a) spread of lesions from cell to cell via multinucleated "giant cells" which progressively slough and desquamate respiratory, olfactory, and sinus epithelia, epithelial neural elements and blood vessels; (b) appearance of numbers of eosinophilic leukocytes along the basement membrane at the sites of lesions just previous to sloughing; intensive infiltration of the submucosa with small lymphocytes after sloughing begins; (c) histochemical change in the intracellular mucus of the cells which comprise the syncytia: this mucus stains with Alcian blue alone when stained with AB-PAS; and (d) all cartilages of the maxillary conchae become flaccid, and the cell nuclei and matrix lose both basophilic and Alcian blue staining properties, effects which recede by about the 8th day. 3. Repair (about 8 to 21 days), marked by rapid initial spread of a sheet of epithelial cells over the infiltrated subrmucosa, appearance of numbers of plasma cells circulating in the tissues, formation of encapsulated secondary nodules, and mucosal adhesions. 4. Convalescence (about 1 to 4½ months when experiments terminated), marked by functional restoration of the mucociliary lining of the nasal fossa. However, at 4½ months eight specimens all show complete metaplasia of the olfactory organ (end nerves, supporting cells, and glands of Bowman) to mucociliated epithelium, all show abnormal formation and alignment of mucous acini, and about 50% have severe persistent sinusitis.

scholarly journals Lupus Vulgaris: A Rare Case of Cutaneous Tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
MA Chowdhury ◽  
TK Sikdar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Lupus Vulgaris ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Epithelioid Granuloma ◽  
Affected Tissue ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy

Lupus vulgaris is an extremely chronic, progressive form of cutaneous tuberculosis. The earliest description of lupus vulgaris was given by Erasmus Wilson in 1865. It usually occurs through contagious extension of the disease from underlying affected tissue or hematogenous or lymphatic spread. A 55 years male, non diabetic, non hypertensive, non smoker, got himself admitted into Dermatology and Venereology Department of DMCH with the complaints of multiple ulcerated lesions over the left lower thigh and upper leg including knee for 8 years. Histological sections of skin revealed multiple epithelioid granuloma, multinucleated giant cells and infiltration of lymphocytes with areas of fibrosis and ESR was 80 in 1st hour. The patient was treated with anti tubercular therapy and cured completely. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v41i2.18811 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2012 Vol. 41 No. 2: 57-58

Tumoral Calcinosis of the Hand: Three Unusual Cases With Painful Swelling of Small Joints

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Seong Kim ◽  
Jin Su Suh ◽  
Yong Hoon Kim ◽  
Sung-Hye Park
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Tumoral Calcinosis ◽  
Ectopic Calcification ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
The Masses

Abstract Tumoral calcinosis is a rare ectopic calcification syndrome characterized by irregular soft tissue masses originally described as being found mainly in large joints. We report 3 cases of tumoral calcinosis that occurred in unusual locations, the metacarpophalageal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the hand. The patients were women who ranged in age from 26 to 44; all presented with complaints of painful swelling of the joints. Laboratory tests demonstrated normal serum phosphate and calcium levels. Radiologic examination disclosed para-articular calcified masses. On surgical excision, the deep-seated calcified masses were attached to collateral ligaments of the joints. Milky and chalklike fluid was released during surgery. The masses measured 1.5, 0.9, and 0.8 cm in length and had irregular surfaces. Microscopically, the masses had fibrous capsule and the inner small cystic spaces that contained granular, calcified material. These cysts contained proliferating capillaries, mononuclear lymph plasma cells, and giant cells. No recurrences were found in any of the patients during the follow-up periods.

scholarly journals A Cheek Nodule in a Child: Be Aware of Idiopathic Facial Aseptic Granuloma and Its Differential Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2471
Author(s):  
Francesco Miconi ◽  
Nicola Principi ◽  
Lorenzo Cassiani ◽  
Federica Celi ◽  
Roberta Crispoldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Pediatric Dermatology ◽  
Good General Condition ◽  
Histologic Evaluation ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Insect Bites

Background: Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFAG) is a rare skin disease that typically presents in children with one or more nontender, erythematous to violaceous nodules located on the cheeks or eyelids. Lesions are not accompanied by other skin abnormalities. IFAG remains a diagnostic challenge in pediatric dermatology, because several diseases may present with similar signs. Case presentation: A three-year-old girl with a previous negative clinical history was referred to our hospital for the evaluation of some asymptomatic nodules on the convexity of the left cheek. The nodules had appeared two months before, and had gradually increased in size. Her mother denied any association with trauma or insect bites. The nodules had a hard-elastic consistency, were moderately firm, and were not fluctuant. No associated lymphadenopathy was observed. The girl was afebrile and in good general condition. A histologic evaluation of a biopsy specimen revealed an inflammatory, granulomatous-diffuse infiltrate in the superficial and deep dermis consisting of giant cells, histiocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and plasma cells. The Ziehl–Neelsen stains, Gram-stains, and cultures were negative. Suspecting an IFAG, treatment with topical fusidic acid and oral clarithromycin for 14 days was started. After two months, the lesion resolved and did not recur. Conclusion: This case shows how to differentiate IFAG from other dermatologic diseases associated with a negative evolution. Treatment with oral clarithromycin was effective in our patient. However, more scientific evidence is needed to evaluate the most suitable antibiotic therapy. Further studies are also needed to establish whether antibiotics actually impact IFAG prognosis.

scholarly journals Morphologic and Autoradiographic Observations of H3-Thymidine-Labeled Thoracic Duct Lymphocytes Cultured in Vivo

Blood ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1133-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN C. SCHOOLEY ◽  
IRWIN BERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Thoracic Duct Lymph ◽  
Duct Lymph ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Apparent Evidence

Abstract 1. The behavior of mouse and rat thoracic duct lymphocytes cultivated in diffusion chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavity of recipient mice and rats has been described. 2. The temporal pattern of labeling of cultured thoracic duct lymphocytes labeled with H3-thymidine has been described. From an analysis of this pattern and the changes in the mean grain count of the different classes of lymphocytes a maximum generation time for large and medium lymphocytes of 15 and 24 hours has been calculated. The results of these experiments favor an origin of small lymphocytes from the division of large and medium lymphocytes. 3. Some evidence for the transformation of thoracic duct lymph cells into monocytoid cells was found. In homologous cultures of labeled thoracic duct lymph cells and unlabeled bone marrow apparent evidence for transformation of labeled cells into plasma cells was found. The data suggest that neither the monocytoid cells nor the plasma cells arose necessarily from small lymphocytes. It was concluded that some unidentified cells, presumably the largest cells which are normally present in thoracic duct lymph, can be transformed into these other cell types when appropriately stimulated.

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