scholarly journals Therapeutic strategy for tracheal chondrosarcoma: report of two cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Carretta ◽  
Paola Ciriaco ◽  
Alessandro Bandiera ◽  
Piergiorgio Muriana ◽  
Gianluigi Arrigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Endoscopic Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Tracheal Resection ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Endoscopic Laser ◽  
Longterm Survival

Primary chondrosarcoma of the trachea is an extremely rare tumor. We report two cases of tracheal chondrosarcoma describing the role of surgical and conservative treatment. Endoscopic treatment with rigid bronchoscopy was performed in both patients to restore airway patency and obtain histological specimens for diagnosis. One of the patients subsequently underwent successful tracheal resection and reconstruction. The other patient, who had a contraindication to surgical treatment due to associated diseases underwent iterative endoscopic LASER treatment and is alive three years after the first diagnosis. Surgical treatment remains the treatment of choice of tracheal chondrosarcoma. When surgery is contraindicated endoscopic treatment may allow relatively longterm survival due to the slow growth of these tumors.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular Block Management in Tracheal Stenosis Surgery; Retrospective Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedat Saylan ◽  
Ali Akdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Neuromuscular Block ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Tracheal Resection ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Neuromuscular Block Antagonism

Objective: In the surgical treatment of tracheal stenosis, whether in long procedures such as tracheal resection-anastomosis or in short procedures such as rigid bronchoscopy and dilatation, performing a deep neuromuscular block to provide patient comfort and facilitate the surgery. In this study, neuromuscular block antagonism using sugammadex during the surgical treatment of tracheal stenosis was investigated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the antagonism of the neuromuscular block with sugammadex in cases of postintubation tracheal stenosis and posttracheostomy tracheal stenosis in terms of postoperative residual block, complications and its effect on postoperative respiratory pattern. Method: In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the anesthesia methods and neuromuscular block management procedures applied during the surgical treatment of tracheal stenosis, patient files, anesthesia record forms, early postoperative follow-up and discharge process were retrospectively reviewed. Since most of the 34 patients diagnosed with tracheal stenosis underwent more than one surgical procedure at different times, a total of 140 interventional procedures and anesthesia applications were examined. Patients who underwent tracheal stenosis surgery and used sugammadex for neuromuscular block antagonism were included in the study. Results: 34 patients were evaluated as postintubation- posttracheostomy tracheal stenosis. While rigid bronchoscopy (n = 78), balloon dilatation (n = 35) and stent (n = 5) were applied to the patients as short surgical procedures, 22 patients underwent tracheal resection-anastomosis surgery. After the use of sugammadex in short and long surgical procedures, the time to start spontaneous breathing was found to be similar. No complications related to sugammadex were identified. Conclusion: We argue that the use of sugammadex under the monitoring of anesthesia depth and muscle strength in tracheal stenosis surgery is an effective and reliable choice for neuromuscular block antagonism.

Endoscopic treatment of glottic stenosis: a report on the safety and efficacy of CO2 laser

2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Riffat ◽  
C E Palme ◽  
D Veivers
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Treatment ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Endoscopic Laser ◽  
Vocal Fold Palsy ◽  
Tracheostomy Tubes ◽  
Endoscopic Laser Surgery ◽  
Airway Calibre ◽  
Prospective Database

AbstractBackground:Treatment of glottic stenosis is a considerable challenge to the otolaryngologist. Glottic airway patency can be compromised by bilateral vocal fold palsy, anterior webbing or a posterior segment scar, which may be significant enough to impair arytenoid movement.Method:A retrospective analysis of a prospective database of patients (n = 34) treated by a specialist airway surgeon. All patients underwent endoscopic treatment with a CO2 laser in an attempt to improve airway calibre and, in 12 patients, to decannulate tracheostomy tubes.Results:Twenty-one patients had bilateral vocal fold palsy and 13 had predominantly posterior glottic stenosis. A variety of pathology-directed treatment approaches were used to achieve good functional results. Four patients required a second endoscopic procedure. The overall revision rate was 5 per cent for bilateral fold palsy and 23 per cent for posterior glottic stenosis (p < 0.05). All patients had an adequate functional airway calibre, and all 12 tracheotomised patients were decannulated.Discussion:Pathology-directed endoscopic laser surgery is safe and effective treatment for glottic stenosis. Rather prescriptive use of unilateral or bilateral cordotomy or combined cordo-arytenoidectomy, clinicians must perform the procedure that will treat the lesion most adequately. Our success rate compared favourably with the best reported results.

scholarly journals ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF CICATRICAL TRACHEAL STENOSES

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
E. A. Drobyazgin ◽  
Yu. V. Chikinev ◽  
M. S. Anikina ◽  
I. E. Sudovikh
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Endoscopic Treatment ◽  
Study Author ◽  
Tracheal Resection ◽  
Preoperative Preparation ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
The People ◽  
Stent Type ◽  
Endoscopic Methods ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

The OBJECTIVE was to evaluate the results of endoscopic treatment of cicatrical tracheal stenoses.MATERIAL AND METHODS. During the period from 1995 to 2018, 145 patients with cicatrical tracheal stenoses (men – 102, women – 43) aged 15 to 83 years were treated in the clinic. Stenosis was post tracheostomy in 96 patients, postintubation in 39 patients, after circular tracheal resection in 6 patients, after tracheolaryngoplasty in 3 patients, after radiation therapy for primary tracheal cancer in 1 patient. Endoscopic treatment was performed in 136 patients.RESULTS. In the tracheal dilation, only 42 (30,88 %) patients managed to achieve stabilization of the lumen of the trachea. Stenting of the narrowed part of the trachea with stent type Dumon was in 62 (45,58 %) patients due to restenosis. Formation of the lumen sufficient for breathing was possible in 40 (70,2 %) patients. All the complications that occurred during the stent in the trachea were diagnosed and eliminated.CONCLUSION. Endoscopic methods of treatment of patients with cicatrical tracheal stenoses were highly effective allowing to restore and maintain airway patency, both temporarily (for the purpose of preoperative preparation) and constantly.The authors declare no conflict of interest.The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

Role of Open Surgery

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Anselmo ◽  
L. Maccatrozzo ◽  
G. Tuccitto ◽  
M. Mangano ◽  
F. Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Endoscopic Treatment ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
The University ◽  
Joint Experience

According to anatomo-morphologic studies, the authors define the role of open surgery in enucleating an adenoma, which is only partially removed with endoscopy, especially if large. Retrospective studies also show a higher probability of a further operation after endoscopy rather than after surgery, with a greater mortality risk due to cardiovascular reasons. In the four-year period from 1987–90, the joint experience of the University Urological Clinics of Padua and Brescia and the Hospital Urological Departments of Bergamo and Treviso, shows that out of 3851 operations, endoscopic treatment was carried out in 84% and surgery in 16%, with a marked prevalence of retropubic adenomectomy (84% of cases). 1989 was taken as a sample year and surgery was performed in 160 out of 935 cases, with excellent results in 87% of the patients. The authors, on the basis of their personal experience, results and literature, confirm that surgical treatment of prostatic hypertrophy is still valid.

The Role of Navigation and Ultrasound Piezosurgery in the Surgical Treatment of Hypertelorism: A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (S 02) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Heredero ◽  
J. Solivera ◽  
A. Romance ◽  
A. Dean ◽  
J. Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment

ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF RECURRENT OVARIAN CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
M. Alisherova ◽  
◽  
M. Ismailova
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Female Reproductive System

Currently, there are no standard approaches to monitoring patients with ovarian cancer (OC). While the role of ultrasound (US) has been identified in the primary diagnosis of OS, it is still controversial during the subsequent surgical treatment of OC. In world statistics, ovarian cancer is consistently among the four main localizations of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, along with tumors of the breast, body and cervix.

Role of Methylglyoxal in Diabetic Cardiovascular and Kidney Diseases: Insights from Basic Science for Application into Clinical Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (26) ◽  
pp. 3072-3083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowndramalingam Sankaralingam ◽  
Angham Ibrahim ◽  
MD Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Ali H. Eid ◽  
Shankar Munusamy
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Dicarbonyl Compound ◽  
Renal Complications ◽  
Lysine Residues ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus are increasing globally at alarming rates. Cardiovascular and renal complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Methylglyoxal (MG) - a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound – is increased in patients with diabetes and has been implicated to play a detrimental role in the etiology of cardiovascular and renal complications. Derived from glucose, MG binds to arginine and lysine residues in proteins, and the resultant end products serve as surrogate markers of MG generation in vivo. Under normal conditions, MG is detoxified by the enzyme glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), using reduced glutathione as a co-factor. Elevated levels of MG is known to cause endothelial and vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress and atherosclerosis; all of which are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, MG has also been shown to cause pathologic structural alterations and impair kidney function. Conversely, MG scavengers (such as N-acetylcysteine, aminoguanidine or metformin) or Nrf2/Glo1 activators (such as trans-resveratrol / hesperetin) are shown to be useful in preventing MG-induced cardiovascular and renal complications in diabetes. However, clinical evidence supporting the MG lowering properties of these agents are limited and hence, need further investigation. Conclusion: Reducing MG levels directly using scavengers or indirectly via activation of Nrf2/Glo1 may serve as a novel and potent therapeutic strategy to counter the deleterious effects of MG in diabetic complications.

MicroRNA-520c-3p Modulates Doxorubicin-Chemosensitivity in HepG2 Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Ragheb ◽  
Marwa H. Soliman ◽  
Emad M. Elzayat ◽  
Mervat S. Mohamed ◽  
Nada El-Ekiaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Function ◽  
Protein Expression Level ◽  
Blot Technique ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis ◽  
The Impact

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is the most common drugs used in cancer therapy, including Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Drug resistance, is one of chemotherapy’s significant problems. Emerging studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could participate in regulating this mechanism. Nevertheless, the impact of miRNAs on HCC chemoresistance is still enigmatic. Objective: Investigating the role of miR-520c-3p in enhancement of anti-tumor effect of DOX against HepG2 cells. Methods: Expression profile for liver related miRNAs (384 miRNAs) has been analyzed on HepG2 cells treated with DOX using qRT-PCR. miR-520c-3p, the most deregulated miRNA, was selected for combination treatment with DOX. Expression level for LEF1, CDK2, CDH1, VIM, Mcl-1 and TP53 was evaluated in miR-520c-3p transfected cells. Cell viability, colony formation, wound healing as well as apoptosis assays have been demonstrated. Furthermore, Mcl-1 protein level was measured using western blot technique. Results: The present data indicated that miR-520c-3p overexpression could render HepG2 cells chemo-sensitive to DOX through enhancing its suppressive effects on proliferation, migration, and induction of apoptosis. The suppressive effect of miR-520c-3p involved altering the expression levels of some key regulators of cell cycle, proliferation, migration and apoptosis including LEF1, CDK2, CDH1, VIM, Mcl-1 and TP53. Interestingly, Mcl-1 was found to be one of the potential targets of miR-520c-3p, and its protein expression level was down-regulated upon miR-520c-3p overexpression. Conclusion: Our data referred to the tumor suppressor function of miR-520c-3p that could modulate chemosensitivity of HepG2 cells toward DOX treatment, providing a promising therapeutic strategy in HCC.

scholarly journals Role of interleukins in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xin She ◽  
Qing Yang Yu ◽  
Xiao Xiao Tang
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Cells ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractInterleukins, a group of cytokines participating in inflammation and immune response, are proved to be involved in the formation and development of pulmonary fibrosis. In this article, we reviewed the relationship between interleukins and pulmonary fibrosis from the clinical, animal, as well as cellular levels, and discussed the underlying mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Despite the effects of interleukin-targeted treatment on experimental pulmonary fibrosis, clinical applications are lacking and unsatisfactory. We conclude that intervening in one type of interleukins with similar functions in IPF may not be enough to stop the development of fibrosis as it involves a complex network of regulation mechanisms. Intervening interleukins combined with other existing therapy or targeting interleukins affecting multiple cells/with different functions at the same time may be one of the future directions. Furthermore, the intervention time is critical as some interleukins play different roles at different stages. Further elucidation on these aspects would provide new perspectives on both the pathogenesis mechanism, as well as the therapeutic strategy and drug development.

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