scholarly journals Percutaneous lung abscess drainage: revisiting the old gold standard

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Matarese ◽  
Mario Tamburrini ◽  
Unnati Desai ◽  
Umberto Zuccon
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Percutaneous Drainage ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lung Abscess ◽  
Chest Physiotherapy ◽  
Cavity Formation ◽  
Abscess Drainage ◽  
Percutaneous Approach ◽  
And Control ◽  
Medical Line

Lung abscess is defined as the necrosis of lung tissue with cavity formation due to varied etiology. The treatment of lung abscesses is medical involving antibiotics and chest physiotherapy. The failure of medical line of management requires an invasive surgical or percutaneous approach for drainage and control of infection. While the literature is ample regarding the surgical approach, it is rather scarce on the percutaneous approach. The percutaneous drainage has been most studied with computed tomography guidance. With our case series we describe to the treatment of lung abscesses non-responsive to medical management, by a bedside minimally invasive ultrasound or fluoroscopy guided percutaneous drainage approach.

scholarly journals Local Chemotherapy as an Adjuvant Treatment in Unresectable Squamous Cell Carcinoma: What Do We Know So Far?

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 2317-2325
Author(s):  
Luigi Bennardo ◽  
Francesco Bennardo ◽  
Amerigo Giudice ◽  
Maria Passante ◽  
Stefano Dastoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Local Chemotherapy

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common cancers involving skin and oral mucosa. Although this condition’s gold-standard treatment is the surgical removal of the lesions, the physician must propose alternative treatments in some cases due to the patient’s ineligibility for surgery. Among the available alternative therapies, local chemotherapy may represent an initial treatment in combination with radiotherapy or systemic chemotherapy due to the low frequency of side-effects and the lack of necessity for expensive devices. Methods: In this paper, we review all available literature in various databases (PubMed, Scopus-Embase, Web of Science), proposing local chemotherapy as a treatment for cutaneous and oral SCC. Exclusion criteria included ocular lesions (where topical treatments are common), non-English language, and non-human studies. Results: We included 14 studies in this review. The majority were case reports and case series describing the treatment of non-resectable localized SCC with either imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil. We also analyzed small studies proposing combination treatments. Almost all studies reported an excellent clinical outcome, with a low risk of relapses in time. Conclusions: Resection of the lesion remains the gold-standard treatment for SCC. When this approach is not feasible, local chemotherapy may represent a treatment alternative, and it may also be associated with radiotherapy or systemic chemotherapy.

Testing calibration of phenotyping models using positive-only electronic health record data

Biostatistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingjiao Zhang ◽  
Yanyuan Ma ◽  
Daniel Herman ◽  
Jinbo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data ◽  
Standard Case ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
And Control

Summary Validation of phenotyping models using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) data conventionally requires gold-standard case and control labels. The labeling process requires clinical experts to retrospectively review patients’ medical charts, therefore is labor intensive and time consuming. For some disease conditions, it is prohibitive to identify the gold-standard controls because routine clinical assessments are performed for selective patients who are deemed to possibly have the condition. To build a model for phenotyping patients in EHRs, the most readily accessible data are often for a cohort consisting of a set of gold-standard cases and a large number of unlabeled patients. Hereby, we propose methods for assessing model calibration and discrimination using such “positive-only” EHR data that does not require gold-standard controls, provided that the labeled cases are representative of all cases. For model calibration, we propose a novel statistic that aggregates differences between model-free and model-based estimated numbers of cases across risk subgroups, which asymptotically follows a Chi-squared distribution. We additionally demonstrate that the calibration slope can also be estimated using such “positive-only” data. We propose consistent estimators for discrimination measures and derive their large sample properties. We demonstrate performances of the proposed methods through extensive simulation studies and apply them to Penn Medicine EHRs to validate two preliminary models for predicting the risk of primary aldosteronism.

Percutaneous Drainage of Pyogenic Lung Abscess

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 673-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj O. Wali ◽  
Yassen S. Samman ◽  
Muntasir Abdelaziz ◽  
Abeer Shugaeri
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Drainage ◽  
Lung Abscess

scholarly journals Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Perirectal Abscess Drainage without Drainage Catheter: A Case Series

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Kwang Choi ◽  
Ji Hyun Kim ◽  
Seung Uk Jeong ◽  
Soo-Young Na ◽  
Sun-Jin Boo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Abscess Drainage ◽  
Perirectal Abscess ◽  
Drainage Catheter

scholarly journals Frontline Responses to Domestic Abuse in Scotland

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-256
Author(s):  
Ruth Friskney ◽  
Oona Brooks-Hay ◽  
Michele Burman
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Domestic Abuse ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Agency Risk ◽  
Partnership Approach ◽  
And Control

Scotland's progress in tackling domestic abuse is recognised for the gendered analysis which underpins it. This gendered analysis recognises structural gender inequalities as the context in which domestic abuse occurs, enabling more effective targeting of resources for prevention and response. The Domestic Abuse (Scotland) Act 2018, described as a 'gold standard' in legislation to tackle domestic abuse, draws on the gendered concept of coercive control. The Act seeks to recognise in law the nature of domestic abuse not as isolated incidents but rather as an ongoing exercise of power and control by the perpetrator, using various tactics. In this chapter, we describe what is known about domestic abuse in Scotland, the strengths and weaknesses of different data sources in capturing the gendered nature of domestic abuse and the reality of how victim-survivors experience it. We consider the multi-agency structures, in particular Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conferences and Multi-Agency Tasking and Coordinating groups, which support Scotland's partnership approach in the front-line response to domestic abuse, recognising the crucial role of feminist third sector agencies alongside statutory agencies such as police, health, social work, and housing.

Evaluating the boundaries of analytic efficiency and control: A consecutive controlled case series of 26 functional analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Jessel ◽  
Rachel Metras ◽  
Gregory P. Hanley ◽  
Catherine Jessel ◽  
Einar T. Ingvarsson
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals USE OF CLINICAL INDICATORS IN THE EVALUATION OF PREVENTION AND CONTROL PRACTICES FOR BLOODSTREAM INFECTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Jane Gomes de Oliveira ◽  
Joselany Afio Caetano ◽  
Viviane Martins da Silva ◽  
Paulo César de Almeida ◽  
Andrea Bezerra Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
And Control ◽  
Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance of the implemented prevention and control practices for central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection, through clinical indicators. An observational study, with a quantitative approach, was conducted. The case series was based on 2064 evaluations, conducted through direct observation and medical records, using a manual for evaluating the quality of cross-infection control practices. The results showed that the indicator for the registrations of the insertion and dwell time of the catheter had the highest overall compliance rate (62.5%). The indicator related to hand hygiene, on the other hand, showed a null overall compliance rate. Strategies must be developed to ensure adherence to the prevention and control practices for central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection and periodic evaluations of working conditions must be implemented, in order to raise compliance rates.

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