scholarly journals Genotypes of the hepatitis B virus within the area of Terni, Italy: our experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Piermarini ◽  
Maria Chiara Medori ◽  
Alessandra Pagnani ◽  
Monica Proietti ◽  
Augusto Scaccetti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The World

<em>Background and aims</em>: The presence of hepatitis B varies depending on the different areas of the world; 10 genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) (A to J) have been identified, and they differ from one another in the nucleotide sequence and geographical location. The various genotypes are associated with a different evolution of the disease and with distinct responses to treatment. <br /><em>Materials and Methods:</em> From January 2010 to March 2014 we assessed the genotype of the HBV virus on 35 specimens with HBVDNA&gt;1000 IU/mL. The HBV genotype has been determined through sequencing. <br /><em>Results</em>: The 35 specimens belonged to individuals with a mean and median age of 42.8 and 40 years respectively: 17 of them were Italian and 18 from other countries. In total there were 19 males: 12 Italians and 7 foreigners. Females were 16: 5 Italians and 11 foreigners. The subjects with HBV-DNA≥10<sup>6</sup> IU/mL were prevailing, followed by subjects with HBV-DNA between 1000 IU/mL and 10.000 IU/mL. Out of 35 patients analysed by genotype, we found 20 genotypes D and 15 non-D genotypes. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>: The analyses carried out on results suggest that Italy, land of immigration, has become a multi-ethnic country with people coming from high and medium endemic disease areas in terms of HBV. Most patients show D genotype, however the migratory flows lead to the introduction of patients with non-D HBV genotypes in the native population as highlighted in Terni.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with liver disease in Eritrea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Elfatih Hamida ◽  
Saud Mohammed Raja ◽  
Yodahi Petros ◽  
Munir Wahab ◽  
Yemane Seyoum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Intermediate Endemicity

AbstractEritrea is an East African multiethnic country with an intermediate endemicity for hepatitis B. Our aim was to establish the most prevalent genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among patients with liver disease. A total of 293 Eritrean patients with liver disease who were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive were enrolled. All sera were tested for liver transaminases, HBV DNA viral load, and hepatitis B seromarkers including HBsAg, anti-HBcAb (total), HBeAg, and anti-HBeAb. Those reactive for HBsAg and anti-HBc (total) were further tested for HBV genotyping. The median (interquartile range) of HBV DNA viral load and ALT levels were 3.47 (1.66) log IU/mL and 28 (15.3) IU/L, respectively. Using type-specific primer-based genotyping method, 122/293 (41.6%) could be genotyped. Irrespective of mode of occurrence, HBV genotype D (21.3%) was the predominant circulating genotype, followed by genotypes C (17.2%), E (15.6%), C/D (13.1%), and C/E (10.7%). Genotypes C/D/E (7.4%), A/D (4.9%), D/E (4.1%), A (2.5%), and B, A/E, B/E, and A/D/C (0.8%) were also present. HBV in Eritrea is comprised of a mixture of HBV genotypes. This is the first study of HBV genotyping among patients with liver disease in Eritrea.

High Viral Load and Hepatitis B Virus Subgenotype Ce Are Associated With Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Lik-Yuen Chan ◽  
Chi-Hang Tse ◽  
Frankie Mo ◽  
Jane Koh ◽  
Vincent Wai-Sun Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype C

Purpose We aimed to investigate the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and HBV genotypes/subgenotypes on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods A prospective cohort of patients infected with chronic HBV in a surveillance program for HCC since 1997 was studied. Ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein evaluation were regularly performed to detect HCC. Risk factors for HCC and the relationship between HBV DNA and HBV genotypes were determined. Results Among 1,006 patients with a median follow-up of 7.7 years, 86 patients (8.5%) developed HCC. With reference to the low HBV DNA stratum (log HBV DNA ≤ 4.5 copies/mL), the hazard ratio for HCC of the intermediate HBV DNA stratum (log HBV DNA > 4.5 to 6.5 copies/mL) was 1.62 (95% CI, 1.05 to 2.48; P = .027) and that of the high HBV DNA stratum (log HBV DNA > 6.5 copies/mL) was 2.73 (95% CI, 1.76 to 4.25; P < .001). Among patients with genotyping results, 330 patients had HBV genotype B and 439 patients had HBV genotype C (94 subgenotype Ce and 345 subgenotype Cs). With reference to HBV genotype B, HBV subgenotype Ce has the highest risk of HCC (hazard ratio = 2.75; 95% CI, 1.66 to 4.56; P < .0001) and HBV subgenotype Cs has intermediate risk (hazard ratio = 1.70; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.64; P = .020). On multivariate analysis, HBV DNA, HBV genotypes, liver cirrhosis, male sex, older age, and lower serum albumin were independent risk factors of HCC. Conclusion High HBV DNA level and HBV genotype C, particularly subgenotype Ce, increased the risk of HCC in chronic hepatitis B.

scholarly journals Occult hepatitis B virus infection among hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahil Nahid Samiei ◽  
Somayeh Shokri ◽  
Shahab Mahmoudvand ◽  
Manoochehr Makvandi ◽  
Heshmatollah Shahbazian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus is a major public health impasse all over the world. Recently a new form of hepatitis B infection named Occult hepatitis B Infection (OBI) has appeared globally. The OBI is defined as the presence of HBV DNA in the liver and/or blood in the absence of detectable serum HBsAg with/without anti-HBc or anti-HBs. The prevalence of OBI has been reported in hemodialysis (HD) patients in different regions of the world. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of OBI among HD patients. The cross-sectional study was carried out on 84 HD patients. These sera were checked for HBsAg, HBc-IgG assessment using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The DNA was extracted from the sera samples and tested for HBVDNA detection using Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (Nested PCR). The liver function tests including serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were carried out for all the HD individuals. 52/84(61.9%) of HD were males and 32/84 (38.1%) were females. The patient’s age ranged from 25 to 64 with a mean age of 52.4±15.2 years. HBsAg and HBc-IgG were detected in 1(1.1%) female. 2 (2.4%; a female and a male) patients were positive for HBsAg. 14/84 (16.7%; 6 female and 8 male) HD patients were positive for anti-HBc but negative for HBsAg, among them 4(28.6%; 2 female and 2 male) cases were positive for HBV DNA, indicating the presence of OBI in HD patients. Even distribution of OBI among the HD was found in 2(2.36%) male and 2(2.36%) female (P>.0.05). In the present study the moderate rate of 4.76% OBI has been observed in HD patients. The prevalence of seropositive OBI among the gender was 2(2.36%) male and 2(2.36%) female. The seronegative OBI have not been detected in the present study but requires further investigation. In this study the affliction of OBI in HD patients is not clear.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA quantification and HBV genotypes detection in dried blood specimens

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
R. Jardi ◽  
F. Rodriguez-Frias ◽  
M. Buti ◽  
X. Costa ◽  
A. Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Dna Quantification ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Blood Specimens

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Precore-Defective Hepatitis B Virus Genotype D2 Strain Isolated in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Golzar Hossain ◽  
Md Muket Mahmud ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain Nazir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomic mutations affect viral replication, disease progression, and diagnostic and vaccination efficiency. There is limited information regarding characterization and mutational analysis of HBV isolated in Bangladesh. Here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of a precore-defective HBV genotype D2 strain isolated in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Genotyping Hepatitis B virus from whole- and sub-genomic fragments using position-specific scoring matrices in hbv star

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1459-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Myers ◽  
Caroline Clark ◽  
Arshad Khan ◽  
Paul Kellam ◽  
Richard Tedder
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Basal Core Promoter ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Scoring Matrices ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes have been classified into eight genotypes based on phylogenetic analysis of sequence variation. Identifying and tracking the movement of HBV genotypes is important in terms of both monitoring infection rates and predicting disease and treatment. An HBV genotyping tool has been developed that compares query sequences with position-specific scoring matrices representing the eight HBV genotypes. This tool (hbv star) is rapid, robust and accurate and assigns genotype based on a statistically defined scoring model. hbv star confidently assigned 90 % of 590 full-length HBV genomes to an HBV genotype (Z score >2.0). Thirty-two of the residual 48 sequences were identified as non-human primate viruses and 16 sequences were identified as recombinant or putative recombinants. Receiver-Operated Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to compare the accuracy of genotype prediction using basal core promoter sequences and surface and core genes with the accuracy achieved by using full-length sequences. A web interface to hbv star is available at http://www.vgb.ucl.ac.uk/starn.shtml.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus genotypes in blood donors in Islamabad, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iram Masood ◽  
Usman Waheed ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Saeed ◽  
Ahmad Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Cirrhosis Of Liver

Abstract BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major causative agent of early, severe and prolonged liver infection that subsequently leads to cirrhosis of liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and comparison of serological assay performance versus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in HBV screening. METHODS: Blood samples of 8517 healthy blood donors were collected during the period of January to June 2017 from Blood Bank of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad. Samples were screened for HBsAg assay using technique of chemiluminescence immunoassay. PCR of positive samples was carried out using already reported genotype-specific primers by Naito et al. (2001). The results were confirmed by visualizing genotype bands. RESULTS: The study confirmed the presence of HBV in 2.5% of blood donors, and PCR confirmed the presence of HBV-DNA in 92 samples. The genotyping was done by PCR using type-specific primer sequences. PCR was dogged to check six genotypes, i.e., A, B, C, D, E, and F. The results of this study show high levels of Genotype D is this region, i.e., 52.17% with less dominating Genotype C, which is 16.30% with decreasing ratio of Genotype E (14.13%), Genotype A and B (9.78%), and mixed D + E (2.17%). The presence of coinfection is found at lowest rate. Due to the high percentage of HBV/D, it is concluded that D genotype is common in our population. CONCLUSION: The most prevalent HBV genotype in ICT region was genotype D, which is responsible for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Efficacy of drugs varies with variation in genotypes of hepatitis B virus and also with geographical distribution.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Clinical Features of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes among Immigrants in Southern Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Scotto ◽  
Domenico Martinelli ◽  
Rocco Di Tullio ◽  
Vincenzina Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Severe Chronic Hepatitis

Background/aims. This study aims to determine the distribution and clinical features of HBV-genotypes in a population of immigrants affected by HBV-infection. Methods. Between 01/2003 and 03/2009, 1623 immigrants were tested for HBV-infection. Biochemical and virological activities were determined in HBsAg-positive patients; HBV-genotypes were determined, by the INNO-LiPA HBV Genotyping, in the subjects with HBV DNA detectable. In every patient we evaluated the stage and classified the infection as inactive carrier, mild or moderate/severe chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and/or HCC. Results. Among the tested subjects, 191 (11.7%) resulted HBsAg-positive, and in 144/191 (75.4%) serum HBV-DNA was detectable. The genotype distribution was as follows: 45,13% genotype E, 18,1% genotype D, 15,3% genotype B, 13,2% genotype C, 4,9% genotype A, 3,5% mixed genotypes (A–D). The evaluation of liver disease degree showed that 24.6% patients were inactive carriers of HBV infection, 19.4% presented a immunotolerance phase, 34.5% had mild chronic hepatitis, 13.6% had a moderate/severe chronic hepatitis, 6.3% had cirrhosis, and 1.6% presented HCC. Conclusions. Our study evidences a high prevalence of HBV-infection in immigrants, and the potentiality of migratory flow in the introduction of genotype non-D hepatitis B virus. The Hepatitis B virus genotypes presented significant differences in epidemiological and clinical characteristics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document