scholarly journals Impact of organizational climate and job involvement on leprosy surveillance performance in Sampang District, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafid Wabula ◽  
Thinni Nurul Rochmah ◽  
Djazuly Chalidyanto ◽  
Hanin Dhany Robby
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Job Involvement ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Leprosy prevalence in Sampang District, one of the high endemic areas of leprosy in East Java Province, was detected to have higher case detection rate (51.0/100,000 people) than the target (<20/100,000). The present study aims to analyze the influence of job involvement and organizational climate on surveillance performance of leprosy in the Primary Healthcare of Sampang District. The research is observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. This study involved 21 teams of controlling and prevention of Leprosy from primary health care in Sampang District from April-June 2016. The sample was taken by proportional stratified random sampling which was divided into the treatment facility and non-treatment facility. The statistical analysis used regression linear test. The result showed a good category on organizational climate and high category of job involvement. Both organizational climate and job involvement significantly influenced the increase of staffs’ performance in leprosy surveillance. It is concluded that case detection rate of leprosy in Sampang could achieve the target when the team has a supportive organizational climate and job involvement.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Childhood Tuberculosis Program in Chegutu District, Zimbabwe, 2020: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Memory Chimsimbe ◽  
Pride Mucheto ◽  
Tsitsi Patience Juru ◽  
Addmore Chadambuka ◽  
Emmanuel Govha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Childhood Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Childhood Tb

Abstract Background Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health concern contributing to significant child morbidity and mortality. A records review of the TB notification for Chegutu District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) showed a low childhood TB case detection rate. For 2018 and 2019, childhood TB notifications were 4% and 7% respectively against the national 12% case detection rate. We evaluated the performance of the childhood TB program in Chegutu. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. Sixty-six health workers (HW) participated in the study. Interviewer-administered questionnaires and checklists were used to collect data on reasons for low TB case detection, HW childhood TB knowledge, program inputs, processes and outputs. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats analysis was used to assess the childhood TB processes. We analyzed the data using Epi Info 7TM to generate frequencies, proportions and means. A Likert scale was used to assess health worker knowledge. Results The majority 51/66(77%) of HW were nurses and 51/66(67%) of respondents were females. Reasons for the low childhood TB case detection were lack of HW confidence in collecting gastric aspirates 55/66(83%) and HW’s negative attitudes towards gastric aspirate collection 23/66(35%). HW 24/66 (37%) had a fair childhood TB notification knowledge. The district had only one functional X-ray machine for 34 health facilities. Only 6/18 motorcycles were functional with inadequate fuel supply. No desk guide for the management of TB in children for HW (2018) was available in 34 health facilities. Ethambutol 400mg was out of stock and adult 800mg tablets were used. Funds allocated for motor vehicle and motorcycles service ($1612USD/year) were inadequate. The district failed to perform planned quarterly TB review meetings, contact tracing and childhood TB training due to funding and COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. Conclusion The childhood TB program failed to meet its targets due to inadequate inputs and suboptimal HW childhood TB knowledge. Case detection and notification can be improved through on-job training, mentorship, support and supervision and adequate resources.

scholarly journals Effect of the Brazilian Conditional Cash Transfer and Primary Health Care Programs on the New Case Detection Rate of Leprosy

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joilda Silva Nery ◽  
Susan Martins Pereira ◽  
Davide Rasella ◽  
Maria Lúcia Fernandes Penna ◽  
Rosana Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Primary Health

scholarly journals Delay of TB patients in diagnosis in a conflict setting of Mogadishu, Somalia - a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naima Said Sheikh ◽  
Abdiwahab Moallim Salad ◽  
Abdi Gele
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Total Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Poor Knowledge

BBackground. The TB case detection rate in Somalia is 42%, which is much lower than the WHO target of detecting 70% of new TB cases. Understanding the factors contributing to the delay of TB patients in the diagnosis, and reducing the time between the onset of TB symptoms to diagnosis, is a prerequisite to increase the case detection rate and to ultimately bring the TB epidemic in Somalia under control. The aim of this study is to examine the duration of delay, and factors associated with the delay among patients in TB management centers in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods. An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in TB management clinics providing directly observed treatments (DOTS) programs in Mogadishu. A total of 276 patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire from June-October 2018. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and different logistic regression models. Results. Approximately 78% of study participants were male. Nearly a third (36.5%) came from a household of nine individuals or more, while 73% were unemployed. The median patient and provider delays were 50 days and one day, respectively. The median total delay was 55 days, with an inter-quartile range of 119 days. Patients who had a poor knowledge of the symptoms of TB had 3.16 times higher odds of delay over 50 days than their counterparts. Furthermore, a poor knowledge of the symptoms of TB (aOR 4.22, CI 2.13-8.40), not making ones own decisions in seeking TB treatment (aOR 2.43, CI 1.22-4.86) and a poor understanding of the fact that TB can be treated with biomedical treatment, as opposed to traditional treatment (aOR 2.07, CI 1.02-4.16), were predictors of a patient delay over 120 days. Conclusions. The duration in the delay of TB patients under diagnosis in Mogadishu is one of the highest reported in developing countries, exceeding two years in some patients. Training local community health workers to detect suspected TB cases, and referring the cases of prolonged cough over three weeks for TB care centers for diagnosis, is imperative to help break the transmission and reduce the infectious pool in the population of Mogadishu. This may not only increase the community awareness of TB disease, but it may also facilitate the early referral of TB patients to diagnostic and treatment care centers.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN PENGELOLAAN PROGRAM P2TB DI PUSKESMAS DENGAN CDR TINGGI DAN CDR RENDAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Ovi Norfiana ◽  
Ede Surya Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate

Salah satu permasalahan dalam program penanggulanan tuberculosis (TB) adalah rendahnya cakupan penemuan kasus TB paru di puskesmas, serta bervariasinya angka pencapaian Case Detection Rate (CDR). Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pengelolaan Program P2TB di dua puskesmas kecamatan dengan pencapaian CDR TB tinggi dan rendah di wilayah Jakarta Timur. Metode penelitian adalah kualitatif yang diperkuat data kuantitatif faktor individu dan sosial dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan dalam manajemen yang mana puskesmas dengan CDR TB tinggi mempunyai Kepala Puskesmas dengan kemampuan manajerial Program P2TB yang baik, mekanisme transfer of knowledge yang baik (komponen input); perencanaan target berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan CDR TB, program penjaringan kasus secara aktif dengan melibatkan kader dan lintas sektor, adanya antisipasi hasil mutu laboratorium serta monitoring dan evaluasi yang baik (komponen proses); dan memenuhi seluruh target indikator penemuan penderita TB (komponen output). Hasil tersebut diperkuat faktor individu (pengetahuan, sikap suspek terhadap bahaya dan cara pencegahan, serta persepsi suspek terhadap pelayanan kesehatan) dan faktor sosial (dukungan kader, KIE oleh petugas) lebih baik pada puskesmas dengan CDR TB tinggi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatan CDR, diperlukan pelatihan TB kepada top manajemen, penjaringan kasus aktif dengan melibatkan kader dan sektor non kesehatan, serta kerjasama lintas sektor.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of GeneXpert in tuberculosis–HIV co–infected patients at Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southeastern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0242205
Author(s):  
Abebe Sorsa ◽  
Muhammedawel Kaso
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate

Background GeneXpert is a new introduction in the diagnostic modality to fight tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) under the program of intensified TB case finding. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of GeneXpert under the program of intensified TB cases finding among PLHIV. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting individuals attending an HIV clinic from February 2018 to January 2019. Data on clinical parameters were collected using a standardized tool. Two-morning sputum samples were collected and processed for smear microscopy and GeneXpert. SPSS 21 used for data analysis. Proportion, percentage, and mean with SD were used to describe variables. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with the GeneXpert. Values for which the 95% CI interval not includes 1 and for which P<0.05 were considered significant. Result A total of 384 presumptive TB-HIV co-infection cases were included, of which 166 (43%) were diagnosed to have TB. Fifty-four (32.5%) TB cases were smear AFB positive while 79 (47.7%) TB cases were GeneXpert positive. The GeneXpert detection rate was almost two-fold of that of smear microscopy and all smear positive TB cases were detected by GeneXpert. Moreover, GeneXpert was able to detect an additional third of TB confirmed cases among smear AFB negative cases. Advanced stage of the disease, high viral load and presence of anemia were significantly associated with TB. The WHO TB screening tool remained least sensitive with the lowest positive predictive value. Conclusion GeneXpert demonstrated two-fold case detection rate compared to the sputum smear microscopy and additional third TB case detection rate among smear AFB negative cases. Clinical screening tool for evaluation of TB-HIV co-infection showed poor performance in TB case notification.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antenatal Care terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 0-24 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Seberang Padang Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-253
Author(s):  
Nurul Ramadhini ◽  
Delmi Sulastri ◽  
Dolly Irfandi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Latar Belakang. Stunting atau disebut juga dengan kerdil adalah keadaan dimana tinggi badan anak tidak sesuai dengan usianya dikarenakan kekurangan asupan gizi pada saat didalam kandungan dan awal kehidupan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting pada anak adalah riwayat antenatal care ibu selama hamil. Objektif. Mengetahui hubungan antenatal care terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita berusia 0 – 24 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Seberang Padang tahun 2019. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional pada 79 anak usia 0-24 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Seberang Padang yang dipilih melalui simple random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi square. Hasil. Penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi buku KIA serta hasil pengukuran panjang badan anak menggunakan infantometer. Prevalensi stunting (13,9%), sebagian besar ibu memiliki kunjungan antenatal care lengkap (19,4%) dan mendapatkan kualitas antenatal care yang baik (15,8%). Nilai signifikansi kunjungan antenatal care 0,325 dan kualitas antenatal care 0,720. Simpulan. Antenatal care tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian stunting karena p>0,05. Kata kunci : pemeriksaan rutin selama hamil, kerdil, puskesmas, balita 0-24 bulan.   Background. Stunting or also called dwarf is a condition where the height of the child does not match his age due to lack of nutritional intake at the time during pregnancies and early life. One of the factors that influence stunting in children is a history of maternal antenatal care during pregnancy. Objective. To determine the relationship of antenatal care to the incidence of stunting in infants aged 0-24 months in the working area of ​​ Seberang Padang Primary Health Center Care in 2019. Methods. This research was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design in 79 children aged 0-24 months in the working area of ​​Seberang Padang Primary Health Care which was selected through simple random sampling. Data analysis was performed with the chi square test. Results. The research was conducted by interviews and observations of maternal and child health books and the results of measurements of children's body length using an infantometer. The prevalence of stunting (13.9%), most mothers have complete antenatal care visits (19.4%) and get good quality antenatal care (15.8%). The significance value of antenatal care visits is 0.325 and the quality of antenatal care is 0.720. Conclusion. Antenatal care is not significantly related to the incidence of stunting because of p>0.05. Keywords : antenatal care, stunting, primary health care, toddlers 0-24 month.  

scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN KECACATAN TINGKAT 2 PADA PENDERITA KUSTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Rismayanti Rismayanti ◽  
Jayanti Tandirerung ◽  
Indra Dwinata ◽  
Jumariani Ansar
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Health Organization

Angka penemuan kasus baru kusta di dunia yang terlapor di data World Health Organization (WHO) pada awal tahun 2012 sekitar 219.057 atau sebesar 4,06 (prevalence rate per 10.000 penduduk). Menurut data tahun 2015 di Kabupaten Gowa ditemukan Case Detection Rate (CDR) sebesar 17/100.000 penduduk dengan penderita kusta pada tahun 2014- 2015 sebanyak 224 sedangkan cacat tingkat 2 sebesar 36 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian kecacatan tingkat 2 pada penderita kusta di Kabupaten Gowa tahun 2014- 2015. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah observational analitik dengan pendekatan studi kasus kontrol. Pengambilan sampel untuk kelompok kasus metode exhaustive sampling dan kelompok kontrol metode simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang merupakan faktor risiko kejadian kecacatan tingkat 2 bahwa jenis kelamin (OR=1,188;95%;CI=1,523-2,694), pekerjaan (OR=2,541;95%;CI=1,163-5,551), Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) (OR=5,200;95%;CI=2,316-11,678) dan perawatan diri (OR=4,103;95%;CI=0,181-4,985) sedangkan status gizi (OR=0,188;95%;CI=1,523-2,694) merupakan faktor protektif kejadian kecacatan tingkat 2 pada penderita kusta. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, alat pelindung diri dan perawatan diri dengan kejadian kecacatan kusta tingkat 2 di Kabupaten Gowa tahun 2014-2015.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA PENEMUAN KASUS TB PARU PETUGAS PUSKESMAS DI KABUPATEN MERANGIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tb Control Program

ABSTRACT Background : The policy of Pulmonary TB control program in Indonesia iscurrently by using DOTS strategy. In the case detection of Pulmonary TB, one of the indicators used is Case Detection Rate (CDR). The case detection rate in Indonesia in 2014 was only 46%, and the figure has not reached of the target. Similarly, the Merangin Regency in the case detection of Pulmonary TB is only 50.14% in 2014.The purpose : of this research is to discover factors influencing the performance in the case detection of Pulmonary TB of Puskesmas Officers in Merangin Regency.Research Methodology: The method of this research was quantitative research by using Cross Sectional approach. The research was conducted in 18 Puskesmas in Merangin Regency. Subjects or respondents in this research were all officers of Pulmonary TB program in 18 Puskesmas which amounted to 31 peoples. The data was obtained by questionnaire. The data was analyzed in univariat and bivariate by using chi-square test at 95% confidence level (P_Value <0,05).Results: The results show that there is an influence between knowledge and the performance in the case detection of Pulmonary TB (P_Value 0,016), there is influence between leadership and the performance in the case detection of Pulmonary TB (P_Value 0,005), there is influence between motivation and the performance in the case detection of Pulmonary TB (P_Value 0,011).Conclusion: Knowledge, leadership and motivation can influence the performance in the case detection of Pulmonary TB of Puskesmas officers in Merangin Regency.

An approach to estimating tuberculosis incidence and case detection rate from routine notification data

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Avilov ◽  
A. A. Romanyukha ◽  
S. E. Borisov ◽  
E. M. Belilovsky ◽  
O. B. Nechaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Tuberculosis Incidence ◽  
Notification Data

A state-wide audit of unhealthy sponsorship within junior sporting clubs in Victoria, Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Florentine Martino ◽  
Alexandra Chung ◽  
Jane Potter ◽  
Tara Heneghan ◽  
Melanie Chisholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Facebook Pages

Abstract Objective: To systematically audit the extent of unhealthy sponsorship within junior community sporting clubs and ascertain whether differences exist across geographical areas and sports types. Design: Club sponsorship data were assessed to determine the extent of unhealthy food/beverage, alcohol, and gambling sponsorship using a cross-sectional design. Differences across geographical areas were assessed using logistic regressions. Setting: A stratified random sampling procedure was used to select 30 communities across the state of Victoria, Australia. Within each community, local clubs across the top eight participating junior sports were selected for audit. Participants: Sponsorship data was collected from 191 club websites and Facebook pages in September-November 2019. Results: Unhealthy sponsorships represented 8.9% of all identified sponsorship arrangements. A quarter of all clubs accepted alcohol (25.6%) and unhealthy food sponsors (25.9%), and one-fifth of all clubs accepted high-risk food (unhealthy brands with large market share) (18.1%) and gambling sponsors (20.4%). Acceptance of unhealthy sponsorship differed across sport types with football, netball, cricket, and soccer clubs having the greatest number. Compared to metro areas, a significantly greater proportion of sporting clubs in regional areas were affiliated with unhealthy food (32.7% vs 19.6%) and high-risk food sponsors (26.9% vs 9.8%). A higher proportion of clubs in low SES, compared to high SES areas, were affiliated with alcohol (33.9 % vs 16.5%) and gambling sponsors (27.4% vs 12.6%). Conclusion: Victorian children participating in community junior sport are being exposed to marketing of unhealthy brands and products. Public health intervention is necessary to protect children from this exposure.

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