scholarly journals Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in Burkina Faso: Screening, vaccination and evaluation of post-vaccination antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen in newborns

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwige T. Yelemkoure ◽  
Albert T. Yonli ◽  
Carla Montesano ◽  
Abdoul Karim Ouattara ◽  
Birama Diarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
B Virus

The low rate of screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in pregnant women is a highrisk factor for its vertical transmission. The objectives of this study were: i) to screen pregnant women for HBV infection; ii) vaccinate all children from birth against HBV regardless their mother HBV status; and iii) evaluate after 7 months of birth the level of their AbHBs among babies who received HBV vaccine at birth. Serological markers of HBV (HBsAg, HBeAg, AbHBs, AbHBe, and AbHBc) were determined on venous blood samples from 237 pregnant women and their children using the Abon Biopharm Kit. One hundred and two (102) children received the three doses of the EUVAX B® vaccine respectively at birth, two months and four months of life. Seven months after delivery, venous blood samples were collected from mothers and their children. Antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (AbHBs) were measured in vaccinated children using the ELISA Kit AbHBs Quantitative EIA. DNA extraction was performed on samples from HBV-seropositive mothers and their children using the Ribo Virus (HBV Real-TM Qual) Kit and for Real Time PCR, the HBV Real-TM Qual Kit was used. Serological diagnosis in pregnant women revealed 22 (9.28%) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive samples of which 21 were positive for viral DNA by real-time PCR. Among the 22 HBsAg+ women, five (05) transmitted the virus to their children with a vertical transmission rate of 22.73%. A transmission rate of 23.81% (5/21) was found with the PCR method. Analysis of AbHBs levels revealed that 98.31% of the children had an average concentration of 218.07 ± 74.66 IU/L, which is well above the minimum threshold for protection (11 IU/L). This study has confirmed that vertical transmission of HBV is a reality in Burkina Faso and that vaccination at birth would significantly reduce this transmission.

Discrepant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Results in Pregnant Women Screened to Identify Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Veselsky ◽  
Tanja Y. Walker ◽  
Nancy Fenlon ◽  
Chong-Gee Teo ◽  
Trudy V. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus

Evaluation of hepatitis B virus transmission and antiviral therapy among hepatitis B surface antigen-positive pregnant women

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1870-1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suda Tekin Koruk ◽  
Ayse Batirel ◽  
Sukran Kose ◽  
Sila Cetin Akhan ◽  
Bilgehan Aygen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B (HBsAg) Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Specialist Hospital Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Godly Chessed ◽  
Kefas Hellamada Kwala ◽  
Aminu Innocent Asika ◽  
Sati Danjuma
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
B Virus

Infection due to Hepatitis B virus is a serious public health problem worldwide, in spite of productive vaccine. Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus can transmit the infection to their fetuses and newborns. The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Specialist Hospital Yola. A total of three hundred and thirteen (313) pregnant women were randomly selected for this study. Hepatitis B status was determined by the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A structured questionnaire was used for the data collection. Sera from volunteers were collected and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen. Seroprevalence was determined based on age group, educational level, occupation, marital status, religion and history of blood transfusion. The seroprevalence of HBsAg among consented antenatal attendees was 17(5.43%). The study found highest seroprevalence of HBsAg among the pregnant women in the age bracket 26-35 years 52.94%, 52.94% in women with primary school education, 41.18% among the unemployed, 94.12% among the married women, 70.59% among Muslim women, and 76.47% among women that had blood transfusion. The study also revealed that there is a significant relationship between HBsAg and (educational level, marital status) of the study participants (P < 0.05). The Seroprevalence of HBsAg among antenatal attendees at Specialist Hospital Yola, Nigeria, is on the high side. Therefore, early screening of pregnant women for hepatitis at antenatal clinic, would contribute greatly to the timely management of the disease and will prevent possible transmission to their neonates.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus among antenatal clinic attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garba Umar Mustapha ◽  
Abdulrasul Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Shakir Balogun ◽  
Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo ◽  
Aisha Indo Mamman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and a major global health problem. It causes chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. WHO estimated 257 million people are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and in 2015 alone HBV resulted in to 887,000 deaths globally. We determined the prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus infection among Antenatal Care (ANC) attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional, health facility-based study between March and April 2018. We used systematic random sampling technique to recruit 210 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. With a structured questionnaire, we interviewed the respondents and collected blood sample to test for hepatitis B surface antigen. We calculated frequencies, means, proportions, and tested for associations using Epi Info 7.2 and Microsoft Excel. Results: The mean age of respondents was 24.5 ± 6.0 years; 53.3% of whom were younger than 25 years. All were married, 87.1% had no formal education and up to 90.5% were employed. Overall, 6.7% tested positive for HBsAg; women aged ≥35 years had the highest prevalence (10.5%). None with tertiary education tested positive and women married before 18 years had 6.5% prevalence. Conclusions: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Gamawa LGA was 6.7% which is quite lower than the national prevalence reported. We recommended improved surveillance of HBV infection and screening of women attending ANC. Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis B Surface antigen, Prevalence, Pregnancy, Health facilities, Hepatitis B

scholarly journals Sero-survey of Hepatitis B surface antigen amongst pregnant women attending Infectious Disease Hospital Bayara, Bauchi State, Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
James A. Ndako ◽  
Georgebest ON. Echeonwu ◽  
Obinna O. Nwankiti ◽  
Emamuzou M. Onovoh ◽  
Alloysius U. Jah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to cause serious health problems in developing countries. Neonatal infection with HBV, which is often acquired during delivery, carries a high risk resulting in persistent infection. This research aims to detect the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) among pregnant women in our location of study. One hundred and eighty (180) sera samples were screened among pregnant women aged 13-49, using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Structured questionnaire were administered to the subjects to obtain demographic and other relevant data. Overall result showed that 31 (17.2%) were found to be positive for HBsAg among the total subjects screened. The highest prevalence was found among those aged 20-29 with 11 (6.1%) seropositivity (x2=7.902; P=0.048). Considering occupational distribution of volunteer subjects, a high prevalence of 12 (6.7%); P&lt;0.05 was recorded among house wives, which shows a measure of significance compared to other women screened. Furthermore, based on various risk factors subjects with history of surgery and use of unsterilized sharp instruments recorded 15 (8.3%) prevalence (P=0.233; P&gt;0.05). How ever, women in their second trimester of pregnancy recorded a higher prevalence of 23 (12.8%):(P=0.080; P&lt;0.05). This study therefore emphasizes the public health importance of HBV among pregnant women and equally suggests that children born to women with Hepatitis B Virus, be closely monitored for infection beyond the one and the half years of age, this also calls for a proper enlightenment on the dangers posed by the virus, while a well designed vaccination schedule is advocated among the general population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document