scholarly journals A software package for predicting design-flood hydrographs in small and ungauged basins

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Piscopia ◽  
Andrea Petroselli ◽  
Salvatore Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Return Time ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Ungauged Basins ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Design Hydrographs ◽  
Event Based ◽  
User Friendly

In this study, software for estimating design hydrographs in small and ungauged basins is presented. The main aim is to propose a fast and user-friendly empirical tool that the practitioner can apply for hydrological studies characterised by a lack of observed data. The software implements a homonymous framework called event-based approach for small and ungauged basins (EBA4SUB) that was recently developed and tested by the authors to estimate the design peak discharge using the same input information necessary to apply the rational formula. EBA4SUB is a classical hydrological event-based model in which each step (design hyetograph, net rainfall estimation, and rainfall-runoff transformation) is appropriately adapted for empirical applications without calibration. As a case study, the software is applied in a small watershed while varying the hyetograph shape, rainfall peak position, and return time. The results provide an overview of the software and confirm the secondary role of the design rainfall peak position.

scholarly journals The role of catchment classification in rainfall-runoff modeling

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6113-6153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. He ◽  
A. Bárdossy ◽  
E. Zehe
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ungauged Basins ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Catchment Hydrology ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Runoff Modeling

Abstract. A sound catchment classification scheme is a fundamental step towards improved catchment hydrology science and prediction in ungauged basins. Two categories of catchment classification methods are presented in the paper. The first one is based directly on physiographic properties and climatic conditions over a catchment and regarded as a Linnaean type or natural classification scheme. The second one is based on numerical clustering and regionalization methods and considered as a statistical or arbitrary classification scheme. This paper reviews each category including what has been done since recognition of the intrinsic value of catchment classification, what is being done in the current research, as well as what is to be done in the future.

WOAD

2012 ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Federico Cabitza ◽  
Carla Simone
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Electronic Document ◽  
High Level Architecture ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Major Teaching Hospital ◽  
Major Teaching ◽  
High Level ◽  
Event Based ◽  
User Friendly

In this article, we present WOAD, a framework that was inspired and partly validated within a 2-year observational case study at a major teaching hospital. We present the WOAD framework by stating its main and motivating rationales, outlining its high-level architecture and then introducing its denotational language, LWOAD. We propose LWOAD to support users of an electronic document system in declaratively expressing, specifying and implementing content- and event-based mechanisms that fulfill coordinative requirements and make users aware of relevant conditions. Our focus addresses (a) the user-friendly and yet formal expression of local coordinative practices based on the work context; (b) the promotion of awareness of both these conventions and the context to enable actors to quickly respond; (c) the full deployment of coordination-oriented and context-aware functionalities into legacy electronic document systems. We give examples of LWOAD mechanisms taken from the case study and discuss their impact from the EUD perspective.

The role of in situ unit operation/process infiltration treatment on partitioning and speciation of rainfall-runoff

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Guo ◽  
J. Sansalone ◽  
P. Piro
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Unit Operation ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Metal Elements ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Runoff Control ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Carbonate Complexes

Management decisions regarding the potential fate and toxicity of anthropogenic metal elements requires a knowledge of metal partitioning and speciation as mediated by in situ control systems (ICS). This study focussed on Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb, common anthropogenic metal elements generated in the built environment and examined the influence of variable event-based hydrology and passive ICS by an engineered partial exfiltration reactor (PER) system on partitioning and speciation. The feasibility and efficiency of the PER as an in situ stormwater runoff control strategy to attenuate levels of metal elements was evaluated. Results indicate that higher rainfall intensity resulted in higher dissolved fraction (fd) values for influent Zn, Cu and Cd, but did not have a significant influence on partitioning of Pb. Speciation indicated that divalent fractions of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb were changed marginally by the PER. Cu and Pb mainly complexed with organic matter in the influent, while carbonate complexes of these metals in the effluent significantly increased. The PER consistently and statistically reduced all loadings of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn for all examined events, whether on a mass or concentration basis. As an unsaturated flow unit operation/process the PER can efficiently remove ionic or complexed forms of metal elements. Such UOPs are a potential quality and quantity ICS strategy for rainfall-runoff.

scholarly journals Flood mapping in small ungauged basins: a comparison of different approaches for two case studies in Slovakia

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Petroselli ◽  
Matej Vojtek ◽  
Jana Vojteková
Keyword(s):  
Hydrologic Modeling ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Flood Mapping ◽  
Ungauged Basins ◽  
Dem Resolution ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Design Hydrographs ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Relief Area

Abstract Flood mapping is a crucial element of flood risk management. In small and ungauged basins, empirical and regionalization approaches are often adopted to estimate the design hydrographs that represent input data in hydraulic models. In this study, two basins were selected in Slovakia and different methodologies for flood mapping were tested highlighting the role of digital elevation model (DEM) resolution, hydrologic modeling and the hydraulic model. Two DEM resolutions (2 m and 20 m) were adopted. Two hydrologic approaches were employed: a regional formula for peak flow estimation and the EBA4SUB model. Two hydraulic approaches (HEC-RAS and FLO-2D) were selected. Different combinations of hydrologic and hydraulic modeling were tested, under different spatial resolutions. Regarding the DEM resolution, results showed its fundamental importance in the low relief area while its effect was secondary in the moderate relief area. Regarding the hydrologic modeling, results confirmed that it affects the results of the flood areas in the same way independently of DEM resolution and that when using event-based models, the hydrograph shape determination is fundamental. Regarding the hydraulic modeling, this was the step where major differences in the flood area estimation were found.

scholarly journals Effects of Probability-Distributed Losses on Flood Estimates Using Event-Based Rainfall-Runoff Models

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2049
Author(s):  
Melanie Loveridge ◽  
Ataur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Loss Data ◽  
Flood Estimation ◽  
Historic Data ◽  
Event Based

Probability distributions of initial losses are investigated using a large dataset of catchments throughout Australia. The variability in design flood estimates caused by probability-distributed initial losses and associated uncertainties are investigated. Based on historic data sets in Australia, the Gamma and Beta distributions are found to be suitable for describing initial loss data. It has also been found that the central tendency of probability-distributed initial loss is more important in design flood estimation than the form of the probability density function. Findings from this study have notable implications on the regionalization of initial loss data, which is required for the application of Monte Carlo methods for design flood estimation in ungauged catchments.

scholarly journals Estimating design hydrographs at the basin scale: from event-based to continuous hydrological simulation

RBRH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayan Santos Fleischmann ◽  
Walter Collischonn ◽  
Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Antecedent Conditions ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Design Hydrographs ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Event Based

ABSTRACT Design hydrographs are widely used in practical hydrologic engineering problems. Typical applications adopt event-based (EBM) methods, using rainfall-runoff models to convert design hyetographs into design hydrographs. Uncertainties include the definition of antecedent conditions and the assumption of equivalence between hyetograph and hydrograph return periods. An alternative is to use continuous simulation (CSM) methods, by forcing a rainfall-runoff model with long precipitation series, and directly analyzing the output discharges. To better understand uncertainties in the EBM method and differences between CSM and EBM ones, we applied a hydrological model in the Itajaí-Açu river basin to compare a CSM method with 730 different simulations of an EBM one, considering different basin antecedent conditions and design hyetographs (10- and 50-years). Results indicated that the EBM method leads to a large range of design discharges depending on the antecedent condition. CS-based 10- and 50-years maximum discharges corresponded to percentiles between 30% and 50% of the EBM estimates. Higher discharge variation occurred in sub-basins with larger maximum soil water storage. Our conclusions agree with the literature, which points towards CSM-based methods to estimate design discharges.

WOAD

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Cabitza ◽  
Carla Simone
Keyword(s):  
Context Aware ◽  
Electronic Document ◽  
High Level Architecture ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Major Teaching Hospital ◽  
Major Teaching ◽  
High Level ◽  
Event Based ◽  
User Friendly

In this article, we present WOAD, a framework that was inspired and partly validated within a 2-year observational case study at a major teaching hospital. We present the WOAD framework by stating its main and motivating rationales, outlining its high-level architecture and then introducing its denotational language, LWOAD. We propose LWOAD to support users of an electronic document system in declaratively expressing, specifying and implementing content- and event-based mechanisms that fulfill coordinative requirements and make users aware of relevant conditions. Our focus addresses (a) the user-friendly and yet formal expression of local coordinative practices based on the work context; (b) the promotion of awareness of both these conventions and the context to enable actors to quickly respond; (c) the full deployment of coordination-oriented and context-aware functionalities into legacy electronic document systems. We give examples of LWOAD mechanisms taken from the case study and discuss their impact from the EUD perspective.

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