scholarly journals An automatic system for the detection of dairy cows lying behaviour in free-stall barns

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona M.C. Porto ◽  
Claudia Arcidiacono ◽  
Umberto Anguzza ◽  
Andrea Giummarra ◽  
Giovanni Cascone
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Automatic System ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Branching Factor ◽  
Accuracy Indices

In this paper, a method for the automatic detection of dairy cow lying behaviour in free-stall barns is proposed. A computer visionbased system (CVBS) composed of a video-recording system and a cow lying behaviour detector based on the Viola Jones algorithm was developed. The CVBS performance was tested in a head-to-head free stall barn. Two classifiers were implemented in the software component of the CVBS to obtain the cow lying behaviour detector. The CVBS was validated by comparing its detection results with those generated from visual recognition. This comparison allowed the following accuracy indices to be calculated: the branching factor (BF), the miss factor (MF), the sensitivity, and the quality percentage (QP). The MF value of approximately 0.09 showed that the CVBS missed one cow every 11 well detected cows. Conversely, the BF value of approximately 0.08 indicated that one false positive was detected every 13 well detected cows. The high value of approximately 0.92 obtained for the sensitivity index and that obtained for QP of about 0.85 revealed the ability of the proposed system to detect cows lying in the stalls.

Effects of Retinoic Acid and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on IFN-gamma Secretion by Mononuclear Leukocytes from Nulliparous and Postparturient Dairy Cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burim Ametaj ◽  
Brian Nonnecke ◽  
Ronald Horst ◽  
Donald Beitz
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D

Individual and combined effects of several isomers of retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from nulliparous and postparturient Holstein cattle were evaluated in vitro. In the first experiment, effects on incubation period (24 to 72 hours) and time of supplementation (0 to 32 hours) with all-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis-, and 9,13-dicis-RAs (0 to 100 nM) on IFN-gamma secretion by pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated (0 and 10 mug/ml) MNL from nulliparous cattle were evaluated. In the second experiment, MNL from postparturient cows (bled at 0, 2, 4, and 16 days postpartum) were stimulated with PWM (0 and 10 mug/ml) in the presence of RA isomers (9-cis- or 9,13-dicis-RA; 0 to 100 nM), 1,25-(OH)2D3 (0 to 100 nM), or with combinations of these metabolites. The results show that individual isomers of RA had no effect on IFN-gamma secretion by PWM-stimulated MNL from nulliparous or postparturient cows. Furthermore 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited IFN-gamma secretion by MNL from nulliparous and postparturient dairy cows; however, the degree of inhibition was greater when 9-cis- and 9,13-dicis-RA were also present in the cultures. Finally mononuclear leukocytes from postparturient dairy cows produced substantially less IFN-gamma than did MNL from nulliparous cattle. It is concluded that retinoic acids individually did not affect the capacity of leukocytes from dairy cattle to secrete IFN-gamma. This result is in marked contrast to studies in monogastric species indicating that RAs inhibit IFN-gamma secretion by peripheral blood T cells. Inhibition of IFN-gamma secretion by 1,25-(OH)2D3 was potentiated by 9-cis- and 9,13-di-cis-retinoics acids, suggesting that an excess of dietary vitamins A and D may compromise further the naturally immunosuppressed postparturient dairy cow. Additional research is necessary to determine if the combined effects of these metabolites on IFN-gamma secretion represent an increased susceptibility of the dairy cow to infectious diseases during the periparturient period. Lower secretion of IFN-gamma by MNL from postpartutient dairy cows, relative to nulliparous cattle, suggests that recently-calved cows are naturally immunosuppressed.

scholarly journals Changes in Dairy Cow Behavior with and without Assistance at Calving

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Bethan Cavendish ◽  
John McDonagh ◽  
Georgios Tzimiropoulos ◽  
Kimberley R. Slinger ◽  
Zoë J. Huggett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Time Periods

The aim of this study was to characterize calving behavior of dairy cows and to compare the duration and frequency of behaviors for assisted and unassisted dairy cows at calving. Behavioral data from nine hours prior to calving were collected for 35 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Cows were continuously monitored under 24 h video surveillance. The behaviors of standing, lying, walking, shuffle, eating, drinking and contractions were recorded for each cow until birth. A generalized linear mixed model was used to assess differences in the duration and frequency of behaviors prior to calving for assisted and unassisted cows. The nine hours prior to calving was assessed in three-hour time periods. The study found that the cows spent a large proportion of their time either lying (0.49) or standing (0.35), with a higher frequency of standing (0.36) and shuffle (0.26) bouts than other behaviors during the study. There were no differences in behavior between assisted and unassisted cows. During the three-hours prior to calving, the duration and bouts of lying, including contractions, were higher than during other time periods. While changes in behavior failed to identify an association with calving assistance, the monitoring of behavioral patterns could be used as an alert to the progress of parturition.

Plasma leptin in transition dairy cows. Effects of body fatness, ambient temperature and dietary factors

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 92-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kokkonen ◽  
J. Taponen ◽  
S. Alasuutari ◽  
M. Nousiainen ◽  
T. Anttila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Increase Energy Expenditure ◽  
Transition Dairy Cows ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Plasma Leptin

In ruminants plasma leptin is increased with increasing body fatness. Leptin acts on hypothalamus to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure. It is possible that leptin has a key role in transition from pregnancy to lactation of dairy cows. The objective of the present work was to investigate the pattern of plasma leptin concentration, as well as its relationship with other hormones and metabolites and dairy cow performance.

Neuroendovascular training using multisource video-recording system in a hybrid operating room

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Koizumi ◽  
Masaaki Shojima ◽  
Shogo Dofuku ◽  
Akira Saito ◽  
Seiji Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Hybrid Operating Room

Digital video recording system using multibeam magneto-optical disk drive

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Yoshihara ◽  
Ryuichi Katayama ◽  
Yutaka Yamanaka ◽  
Masaki Tsunekane ◽  
Yuzo Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Video ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Disk Drive ◽  
Optical Disk ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Optical Disk Drive

The effect of asynchronous diets on the function of the rumen in the lactating dairy cow

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
A.R. Henderson ◽  
P.C. Garnsworthy ◽  
J.R. Newbold ◽  
P.J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Nutrient Flows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

Sinclair et al. (1993) found that a diet formulated to be synchronous with regard to hourly release of nitrogen and energy increased microbial protein synthesis by 14% in sheep. Dairy cows in early lactation experience a shortfall of energy and protein, with available protein determining the overall efficiency of metabolism (MacRae and Lobley, 1986) and subsequent milk production. It is therefore necessary to maximise microbial protein yield during this period. In this study diets were designed for lactating dairy cows to contain the same feed ingredients, but to release nitrogen and energy in the rumen at different times. Rumen fermentation parameters, nutrient flows to the small intestine and production performance were investigated.

The effect of restricted suckling and non-suckling systems on dairy cow and calf behaviour

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
J. K. Margerison ◽  
C. J. C. Phillips ◽  
T. R. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cow Calf

Artificial rearing necessitates stressful cow-calf separation (Lefcourt and Elsasser, 1995; Hopster et al, 1995) and precipitates cross-suckling (Lidfors, 1993). Thus, suckling systems may improve the welfare of cows and calves, by alleviating 'stressful' cows-calf separation and satiating suckling motivation. The aim of this experiment was to compare behaviour in cows and calves in restricted suckling and non-suckling systems.Thirty six multiparous dairy cows and calves were divided at 4 days postpartum into three groups. The treatment groups were; non-suckled (NS) cows with calves artificially reared (AR), cows suckled by their own calf (RSM) and cows suckled by a foster calf (RSF). Suckling took place for 15 minutes following mechanical milking only.

scholarly journals Technological video survaillance as protective tool of smart electricity meters from unauthorized access

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Oxana Garifullaevna Koispaeva ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Golovko ◽  
Maksim Almansurovich Nadeev
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
New Information ◽  
Different Types

The article touches upon the problems of interference in the electricity metering system and different types of electricity loss underestimation. It has been stated that in modern conditions the only effective way to identify and prevent violations is to install a remote electricity meter at the borderline of balance and operational responsibilities. РиМ 384.02 smart electricity meter is considered as an example. A picture of the device is presented and its main positive characteristics are listed. It has been proposed to introduce the twenty-four-hour video surveillance and video recording system into an expensive smart electricity meter in order to maintain the integrity and operability of the device. Video stream processing by means of machine vision and machine learning has been proposed. The economic feasibility of digitalization of the technological video surveillance system is being substantiated. The need of optimization of the electrical networks, the improvement of electricity metering system and of introducing the new information technologies in energy sales has been substantiated

Role of Spectacle Mounted Video Recording System in Residency Training Programme

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Pandey S. ◽  
◽  
Chittoria R.K. ◽  
Mohapatra D.P. ◽  
Friji M.T. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residency Training ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Recording System
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document