scholarly journals Strip-till technology - a method for uniformity in the emergence and plant growth of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in different environmental conditions of Northern Poland

2018 ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Jaskulska ◽  
Lech Gałęzewski ◽  
Mariusz Piekarczyk ◽  
Dariusz Jaskulski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

The emergence of plants is especially important for the winter crops that are grown in the challenging environmental conditions of many countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The emergence and initial growth of winter rapeseed were compared in field trials in a randomized block design with three replicates for plants sown in conventional tillage systems (CT) and strip-till (ST), which had different weather conditions and on soil with a non-uniform texture over a period of two years. Sowing in the CT was carried out using Horsch Pronto 4DC (Germany) at a row distance of 0.29 m. The ST operations were performed using a Pro-Til 4T drill manufactured by Mzuri Limited (Great Britain) - row spacing of 0.36 m. In favourable rainfall and thermal conditions, the density of winter rapeseed plants two weeks after sowing was found to be higher if it was sown after the CT than in the ST system. In the year that had a serious shortage of rainfall during the sowing period, a considerably higher density of plants was achieved using the ST system. The uniformity of plant growth using the ST technology in soil with a varied texture, especially in a year with an unfavourable distribution of rainfall, was proven by less variability in the number of leaves in the rosette, in the dry mass of the leaf rosette and in the root neck thickness of the winter rapeseed than in the CT system. The ST system can create good conditions for the initial development and preparation of rapeseed plants for wintering.

scholarly journals Germination and initial development of canola and radish submitted to castor leaves aqueous extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon ◽  
Adriana Tourinho Salamoni ◽  
Luan Cutti ◽  
Adalin Cezar Morais de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Radish Seed

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) leaves on germination and initial growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings. Two experiments were conducted, usingcanola seeds for the first, which was installed in a 2x7 factorial scheme (with two photoperiods – dark and light and seven extracts concentrations - 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32%). The second experiment consisted of an evaluation of radish seed germination submitted to seven concentrations of the extracts in the dark photoperiod. The germination of the canola seeds was reduced in the dark, and the use of extracts at concentrations of 16% and 32%inhibited seeds germination for both studied photoperiods. The radish seed germination was completely inhibited when the concentration of 32% was used, however, at the concentrations of 4, 8 and 16% a reduction on rootand hypocoyl development of the seedlings were observed, affirming the high allelopathic potential of castor bean aqueous extracts on canola and radish.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Giving Plant PGPR Rhizosphere Bamboo on Cocoa Seeds Germination at The Nursery Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusril Hardiansyah ◽  
Yunus Musa ◽  
Abdul Mollah Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The low productivity of cocoa plantations in Indonesia is partly due to the low quality of seeds, which refers to the impeded growth of cultivated cocoa nurseries. Seed is the initial growth of plants so the importance of giving special treatment to seeds will refer to better seed growth. Provision of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) microbes can produce indoleacetic acid (IAA) in plants to improve the quality of plant growth. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the provision of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria bamboo rhizosphere against cocoa seed germination. The study was carried out in the farmer group garden, Gantarangkeke District, Bantaeng. This study was arranged in the form of a two-factor factorial design (F2F) in a randomized block design (RBD). The use of cocoa seed type as the first factor consisted of GTB (Gantarangkeke Bantaeng) local cocoa seed and MCC 01 cocoa seed and seed immersion treatment at PGPR rhizosphere bamboo concentration as the second factor consisting of 0% (control) concentration, 5%, 10 % and 15%. The results obtained indicate that administration of seeds with bamboo rhizosphere PGPR affects the germination (100.00%), the speed of seed growth (7.14%/etmal), as well as on abnormal seeds (10.00%). So that the provision of bamboo rhizosphere PGPR on cocoa seeds has an effective influence on seed germination and cocoa seedling development.

ADAPTATION OF WINTER RAPESEED IN ONTARIO

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. BEAULIEU ◽  
D. J. HUME
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
First Year ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

In order to determine regions of adaptation of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), field trials were planted at about 30 locations in Ontario in 1981 and 1982. Four cultivars were tested each year. Winter survival was poor in northern Ontario in both years, and along the north shore of Lake Erie in the first year. Over all sites, mean winter survival was 52%. At sites which did not completely winterkill, plant survival and yield averaged 70% and 2.38 t ha−1. Best winter rapeseed performance in Ontario occurred at well-drained sites with good winter snow cower and an absence of excessive flooding or cold temperatures in the spring. Cultivars did not differ in survival or yield in 1981–1982. The cultivar Jet Neuf had higher yields than the other cultivars in 1982–1983. There were differences in oil and protein content among the cultivars. The results suggest that winter rapeseed could become a viable crop in Ontario.Key words: Rapeseed (winter), Brassica napus, seed yield, winter survival, adaptation

scholarly journals DESENVOLVIMENTO DE Agave sisalana Perrine SOB DIFERENTES MANEJOS DE ADUBAÇÃO E CONSÓRCIO

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Torres Melo de Freitas ◽  
Annie Maia Batista Santos ◽  
João Paulo de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Jardel da Silva Souza ◽  
Fábio Mielezrski
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Agave Sisalana

The Sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) is a crop very important for the semi-arid region of Brazil, constituting an important source of income in regions that lack options that help in their development. However, studies regarding the development of this crop are scarce, reflecting on the low technology use and ancient practices used in the production systems. Theobject of this studywas to evaluated the initial growth development of plants of Sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) under different sources of chemical and organic fertilization and presence and absence of intercropping with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), in the city of Areia, Paraíba. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), in a 2x3 factorial scheme, composed of two cultivation systems (alone or intercropped) and three fertilizationtypes (organic, chemical and no fertilization), totaling 24 treatments with four replications in an area of 25 m² each. The results showed an influence effect of the source of fertilization and the intercroppingon the initial development of the crop, and the best results obtained were with the organic fertilization and the intercropping with common bean.

scholarly journals Effect of Trinexapac-Ethyl, at Two Application Timings, on the Initial Development of Eucalyptus under Water Deficit

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. BACHA ◽  
P.F.R.B. MARTINS ◽  
P.L.C.A. ALVES ◽  
R.C. PAULA
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Hormetic Effect ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Net Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT: Eucalyptus plants are sensitive to stress during their initial development, and water deficit is the most important one. Thus, the hormetic effect caused by the application of chemical products may be a factor that allows plants to tolerate such stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of trinexapac-ethyl on the initial growth of Eucalyptus urophylla (Clone I-144), under water deficiency, at two application timings (before planting - BP; and after planting - AP). Two experiments were conducted simultaneously in a greenhouse for 74 days after planting (DAP) eucalyptus in 15 L pots. Treatments consisted of three trinexapac-ethyl doses (0.0, 30, and 60 g a.i. ha-1) and two water conditions (with and without water deficit). A complete randomized block design was used, in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, with five replications. At the BP application timing, trinexapac-ethyl was sprayed at 0 DAP, and at the AP timing, at 24 DAP. In both experiments, plant height, diameter, leaf area, dry matter, total relative chlorophyll content and gas-exchange were evaluated. There was a positive effect for the net CO2 assimilation rate at 27 and 40 DAP, for AP and BP, respectively. Eucalyptus plants, without water deficit, presented higher growth, regardless of the application timing. In conclusion, the application of trinexapac-ethyl before planting caused a positive effect on the height and diameter of eucalyptus; and the application timing influenced, in different ways, the evaluated characteristics, not having harmful effects on any of them.

scholarly journals Dissection of Year Related Climatic Variables and Their Effect on Winter Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L.) Development and Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marjanović-Jeromela ◽  
Sreten Terzić ◽  
Mirjana Jankulovska ◽  
Miroslav Zorić ◽  
Ankica Kondić-Špika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

Winter oilseed rape (WOSR) production is dependent on weather conditions, but is also characterized by low nitrogen (N) use efficiency. The objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate sources of variability for the seed yield and oil content of four rapeseed cultivars under the influence of three sowing dates (SD trial) and five nitrogen dosages (N trial) during four growing seasons; (ii) understand year-related interactions and the effect of climatic variables in different growth stages; and (iii) assess the presence of interactions cultivar by year (C × Y) and treatment by year (T × Y). Six climatic factors were observed, during germination, overwintering, budding, flowering and ripening. The mixed effect split-plot analysis of variance was used, as well as factorial regression models. The C × Y interaction was the most important for the oil content in both trials. The precipitation at budding stage (75.8%), relative air humidity at overwintering (63.3%) and flowering stage (53.0%) accounted for the highest proportion of T × Y interaction for the seed yield, as well as precipitation at flowering (92.0%) and ripening (85.0%) for the oil content. Water availability was the main determinant of the seed yield and/or oil content accompanied with cooler temperatures during the seed development. The study successfully dissected the effect of year-related climatic variables on the agronomical traits in winter rapeseed. Based on this, appropriate agronomic practices can be applied at specific growing stages to ensure a high seed and oil yield.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogea L. Merril) Setelah Aplikasi Azotobacter chroococcum Dan Pupuk NPK

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewikusuma Ikhsani ◽  
Reginawanti Hindersah ◽  
Diyan Herdiyantoro
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Azotobacter Chroococcum ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

The combination of biological fertilizers and chemical fertilizers can support the concept of sustainable integrated farming and minimize the adverse impacts of chemical fertilizers. Azotobacter sp. is a soil microbe that used as a biological fertilizer because it can fix N and produce phytohormones which are crucial for plant growth. This research aims to study the growth of peanut plants after Azotobacter chroococcum and NPK fertilizer application. This research was conducted on July-November 2016 in field trials of PT. Pupuk Kujang, Cikampek, West Java with a height of 25 m above sea level. The experiments were performed using a randomized block design with three treatments, 2 L / ha Azotobacter chroococcum, 300 kg / ha of NPK and 2 L / ha Azotobacter chroococcum + 150 kg / ha of NPK with four replications. The results showed treatment with a dose of 2 L / ha Azotobacter chroococcum + 150 kg / ha of NPK fertilizer can increase the growth of plant height and root dry weight, whereas treatment with a dose of 300 kg / ha of NPK most improve plant shoot dry weight. Keywords: Azotobacter chroococcum, NPK, Plant Growth. 

scholarly journals Genotype-by-environment interaction for seed glucosinolate content in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) using an additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Kamila Nowosad ◽  
Alina Liersch ◽  
Wiesława Popławska ◽  
Agnieszka Łącka
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Multiplicative Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Main Effects

Summary The objective of this study was to assess genotype-by-environment interaction for seed glucosinolate content in winter rapeseed cultivars grown in western Poland using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model. The study concerned 25 winter rapeseed genotypes (15 F1 CMS ogura hybrids, parental lines and two European cultivars: open pollinated Californium and F1 hybrid Hercules), evaluated at five locations in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The seed glucosinolate content of the tested genotypes ranged from 5.53 to 16.80 μmol∙g-1 of seeds, with an average of 10.26 μmol∙g-1. In the AMMI analyses, 48.67% of the seed glucosinolate content variation was explained by environment, 13.07% by differences between genotypes, and 17.56% by genotype-by-environment interaction. The hybrid PN66×PN07 is recommended for further inclusion in the breeding program due to its low average seed glucosinolate content; the restorer line PN18, CMS ogura line PN66 and hybrids PN66×PN18 and PN66×PN21 are recommended because of their stability and low seed glucosinolate content.

scholarly journals Benefit of using plant growth regulators in fodder barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
Leila Erviö ◽  
Heikki Jalli ◽  
Markku Kontturi ◽  
Heikki Hakkola ◽  
Arjo Kangas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Growing Conditions

The study was conducted to investigate the effect and benefit of applying plant growth regulators (PGR) to two easily lodging barley cultivars, Arra and Kilta, which were commonly used for fodder production all over Finland. Field trials were conducted at six experimental sites in different parts of the country. Of the PGRs tested, ethephon and mepiquat/ethephon were the most effective in shortening the culm and preventing lodging. However, neither could prevent the lodge adequately in all growing circumstances. When applied at flag-leaf stage (FS 10) they increased yield under conditions favourable for lodging. They also raised the volume weight of barley, which was important for the final price of the yield. The most important factors determining future lodging of barley were an effective temperature sum of over +5°C and precipitation during the period from sowing to the beginning of tillering (FS 2). About 64-68% of the lodging risk of the cultivars studied could be predicted from weather conditions during early development of the crop. Local growing conditions and the presence of lodge had a marked impact on the results obtained with PGRs. In the case of moderate lodging the compound used determined whether a profit or loss was made on the crop. In the case of heavy lodging, compounds containing ethephon contributed to an economic return. Their application at flag-leaf stage gave a profit of FIM 70 - 390 ha-1. Since the profitability of PGR treatments depended on lodging, treatments are recommended for fodder barley only when lodging is expected. The lodging risk can be predicted within certain limits at the tillering stage of barley.

scholarly journals Trinexapac-Ethyl Causes Stimulatory Effect on the Initial Growth of Eucalyptus urograndis Clones

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Lopes Bacha ◽  
Pedro de F. R. Barbosa Martins ◽  
Willians Cesar Carrega ◽  
Pedro Luis da C. A. Alves ◽  
Rinaldo Cesar de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis

Eucalyptus plants are sensitive to stress factors in the initial growth phase. The plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl can provide gains to eucalyptus plants, a phenomenon known as hormesis. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of trinexapac-ethyl on the initial growth of two Eucalyptus urograndis clones (Clone 1 = I-144 and Clone 2 = 1407). The experiment was performed during 90 days after planting (DAP) of eucalyptus, in 100 L pots, with a randomized complete block design. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme, with two eucalyptus clones and three trinexapac-ethyl doses (0, 30 and 60 g i.a. ha-1), with four replications. Fortnightly, plants height and stem diameter were evaluated. At 90 DAP, the leaf area and plants dry matter (DM) were evaluated. Clone 1 obtained leaf area and total DM 53% and 58% larger than Clone 2, respectively. The higher dose of trinexapac-ethyl provided mean gains of 30% in stem DM and total DM in Clone 1. For Clone 2, both doses of the product caused mean gains of 70% in stem DM, leaf DM and total DM. In conclusion, trinexapac-ethyl has a positive effect on the initial growth of E. urograndis, Clones I-144 and 1407. Clone I-144 showed higher growth than Clone 1407, regardless trinexapac-ethyl application. However, the Clone 1407 obtained more expressive gains with the application of trinexapac-ethyl, compared to Clone I-144.

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