scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen fertilizer sources and temperature on soil CO2 efflux in Italian ryegrass crop under Mediterranean conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lai ◽  
Giovanna Seddaiu ◽  
Luca Gennaro ◽  
Pier Paolo Roggero
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions

Short- and mid-term tillage-induced soil CO2 efflux on irrigated permanent- and conventional-bed planting systems with controlled traffic in southern Spain

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Cid ◽  
Oscar Pérez-Priego ◽  
Francisco Orgaz ◽  
Helena Gómez-Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions ◽  
Planting System ◽  
Controlled Traffic

Use of permanent beds combined with controlled traffic (PB) has been proposed as an alternative planting system for reducing soil erosion and compaction while increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) in irrigated, annual-crop based systems in Mediterranean conditions. The objective of this study was to characterise, in space (beds and furrows with and without traffic) and time (hours, days, and weeks), soil CO2 efflux in PB compared with conventionally tilled bed planting (CB) and with a variant of PB in which subsoiling was performed in trafficked furrows (DPB). The three treatments were combined with controlled traffic. Tillage resulted in abrupt CO2 effluxes that lowered rapidly within hours. However, in CB, soil CO2 effluxes increased again significantly 12 days after tillage compared with PB or DPB. These differences were due to higher emissions from beds than from furrows where the soil had been compacted during the harrowing that formed the beds. In DPB, CO2 effluxes increased in furrows with traffic after subsoiling and the effect was maintained during the study despite subsequent traffic. Soil CO2 efflux increased with soil temperature (measured concomitantly) except after soil tillage. Tillage reduced SOC in both CB and DPB compared with PB.

scholarly journals Chronic nitrogen addition causes a reduction in soil carbon dioxide efflux during the high stem-growth period in a tropical montane forest but no response from a tropical lowland forest in decadal scale

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 8633-8660
Author(s):  
B. Koehler ◽  
M. D. Corre ◽  
E. Veldkamp ◽  
J. P. Sueta
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Soil Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Decadal Scale

Abstract. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is rapidly increasing in tropical regions. We studied the response of soil carbon dioxide CO2 efflux to long-term experimental N-addition (125 kg N ha−1 yr-1) in mature lowland and montane forests in Panamá. In the lowland forest, on soils with high nutrient-supplying and buffering capacity, fine litterfall and stem-growth were neither N- nor phosphorus-limited. In the montane forest, on soils with low nutrient supplying capacity and an organic layer, fine litterfall and stem-growth were N-limited. Our objectives were to 1) explore the influence of soil temperature and moisture on the dynamics of soil CO2 efflux and 2) determine the responses of soil CO2 efflux from an N-rich and N-limited forest to elevated N input. Annual soil CO2-C efflux was larger from the lowland (15.20±1.25 Mg C ha−1) than the montane forest (9.36±0.29 Mg C ha−1). In the lowland forest, soil moisture explained the largest fraction of the variance in soil CO2 efflux while soil temperature was the main explanatory variable in the montane forest. Soil CO2 efflux in the lowland forest did not differ between the control and 9–11 yr N-addition plots, suggesting that chronic N input to nutrient-rich tropical lowland forests on well-buffered soils may not change their C balance in decadal scale. In the montane forest, first year N addition did not affect soil CO2 efflux but annual CO2 efflux was reduced by 14% and 8% in the 2- and 3 yr N-addition plots, respectively, compared to the control. This reduction was caused by a decrease in soil CO2 efflux during the high stem-growth period of the year, suggesting a shift in carbon partitioning from below- to aboveground in the N-addition plots where stem diameter growth was promoted.

scholarly journals Significance of soil respiration from biological activity in the degradation processes of different types of organic matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Total Soil

Soil respiration is a major component of global carbon cycle. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the environmental controls on soil respiration for evaluating potential response of ecosystems to climate change. In a temperate deciduous forest (located in Northern-Hungary) we added or removed aboveground and belowground litter to determine total soil respiration. We investigated the relationship between total soil CO2 efflux, soil moisture, and soil temperature. Soil CO2 efflux was measured at each plot using soda-lime method. Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q10) was monitored via measuring soil temperature on an hourly basis, while soil moisture was determined monthly. Soil respiration increased in control plots from the second year after implementing the treatment, but results showed fluctuations from one year to another. The effect of doubled litter was less significant than the effect of removal. Removed litter and root inputs caused substantial decrease in soil respiration. We found that temperature was more influential in the control of soil respiration than soil moisture. In plots with no litter Q10 varied in the largest interval. For treatment with doubled litter layer, temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux did not change considerably. The effect of increasing soil temperature is more conspicuous to soil respiration in litter removal treatments since lack of litter causes greater irradiation. When exclusively leaf litter was considered, the effect of temperature on soil respiration was lower in treatments with added litter than with removed litter. Our results reveal that soil life is impacted by the absence of organic matter, rather than by an excess of organic matter. Results of CO2 emission from soils with different organic matter content can contribute to sustainable land use, considering the changed climatic factors caused by global climate change.

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