scholarly journals Molecular detection of a new pathotype enteroaggregative haemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EAHEC) in Indonesia, 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Setyarini ◽  
Dadik Raharjo ◽  
Radita Yuniar Arizandy ◽  
Zakaria Pamoengkas ◽  
Subijanto Marto Sudarmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic E.Coli

Enteroaggregative haemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. Coli, EAHEC) has been identified as the agent responsible for one of the largest outbreaks of gastroenteritis and Haemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) that is transmitted through food in Germany in 2011. The hypervirulent pathotype has a unique combination of two pathogens namely enterohemorrhagic E.coli strain (EHEC) which produces shiga/verotoxin and enteroaggregative E.coli toxins (EAEC) which produces toxins similar to ST and hemolysin. The toxin produced by the EAHEC strain is a hybrid pathotype that combines the virulence potential of the EAEC and EHEC strains that will damage the microcirculation, cause vasculitis and other toxic effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of samples infected with enteroaggregative hemorrhagic E. coli bacteria (EAHEC) in pediatric diarrhea patients at DR. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, 2015. This study used PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method to detect enteroaggregative E. coli strains (CVD432 and aaic genes) and enterohemorrhagic E.coli (eae gene).The results showed that 33 out of 40 (82,5%) stool samples examined were detected enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), 4 out of 40 (10%) enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and 3 out of 40 (7,5%) enteroaggregative haemorrhagic E. coli bacteria (EAHEC) , which caused diarrhea in pediatric diarrhea patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. The unique combination of genomic features of the Surabaya outbreak strain, containing characteristics from pathotypes EAEC and EHEC, suggested that it represents a new pathotype enteroaggregative haemorrhagic E. coli (EAHEC). It is expected that development of specific primer design and sequencing are needed to continue in this research.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular detection of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli from diarrheic cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Akter ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
KH MNH Nazir ◽  
M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Isolate

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotically important pathogen which causes hemorrhagic colitis, diarrhea, and hemolytic uremic syndrome in animals and humans. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the STEC from fecal samples of diarrheic cattle. A total of 35 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The samples were primarily examined for the detection of E. coli by cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics, followed by confirmation of the isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using gene specific primers. Later, the STEC were identified among the isolated E. coli through detection of Stx-1 and Stx-2 genes using duplex PCR. Out of 35 samples, 25 (71.43%) isolates were confirmed to be associated with E. coli, of which only 7 (28%) isolates were shiga toxin producers, and all of them were positive for Stx-1. However, no Stx-2 positive isolate could be detected. From this study, it may be concluded that cattle can act as a reservoir of STEC which may transmit to human or other animals.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 63-68, June 2016

scholarly journals Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in children in France

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. DECLUDT ◽  
P. BOUVET ◽  
P. MARIANI-KURKDJIAN ◽  
F. GRIMONT ◽  
P. A. D. GRIMONT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

We conducted a study to determine the incidence of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children in France and to assess the role of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection in the aetiology of HUS. In collaboration with the Société de Néphrologie Pédiatrique we undertook a retrospective review of all cases of HUS hospitalized from January 1993 to March 1995 and a 1-year prospective study (April 1995–March 1996) of epidemiological and microbiological features of cases of HUS. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure was used to detect stx, eae, e-hlyA genes directly from case stool samples. Serum samples from cases were examined for antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of 26 major STEC serogroups. Two hundred and eighty-six cases were reported. The average incidence per year was 0·7/105 children < 15 years and 1·8/105 children < 5 years. During the prospective study, 122/130 cases were examined for evidence of STEC infection using PCR and/or serological assays and 105 (86%) had evidence of STEC infection. Serum antibodies to E. coli O157 LPS were detected in 79 (67%) cases tested. In conclusion, this study showed that STEC infection is an important cause of HUS in children in France, with a high proportion related to the O157 serogroup.

scholarly journals Prevalence, phylogeny, and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children less than 5 years old with community acquired- diarrhea in Upper Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha M. M. Khairy ◽  
Zahra Atef Fathy ◽  
Doaa Mohamed Mahrous ◽  
Ebtisam S. Mohamed ◽  
Soha S. Abdelrahim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Lactamase Gene ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Background Diarrhoea, affecting children in developing countries, is mainly caused by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). This study principally aimed to determine the prevalence of DEC pathotypes and Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes isolated from children under 5 years old with diarrhea. Methods A total of 320 diarrhoea stool samples were investigated. E. coli isolates were investigated for genes specific for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of antibiotic resistance-genes and phylogenetic typing were performed. Results Over all, DEC were isolated from 66/320 (20.6%) of the children with diarrhoea. EAEC was the predominant (47%), followed by typical EPEC (28.8%) and atypical EPEC (16.6%). Co-infection by EPEC and EAEC was detected in (7.6%) of isolates. However, ETEC, EIEC and EHEC were not detected. Phylogroup A (47%) and B2 (43.9%) were the predominant types. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was found in 55% of DEC isolates. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes were detected in 24 isolates (24 blaTEM and 15 blaCTX-M-15). Only one isolate harbored AmpC β-lactamase gene (DHA gene). Conclusion The study concluded that, EAEC and EPEC are important causative agents of diarrhoea in children under 5 years. MDR among DEC has the potential to be a big concern.

Molecular detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from Diarrheal stool samples from children in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Tauseef M Asmat
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Disease

Diarrhea is one of the major causes of death in children, particularly in developing countries. Rapid detection and treatment is necessary to control disease transmission in the community and thus limiting the huge number of death toll. The major cause of diarrhea in developing countries is Escherichia coli (E. coli).This study was aimed to isolate E. coli from diarrheal stool samples from children aged 05 months to 05 years visited/ hospitalized in Quetta due to acute/persistent diarrhea. Diarrheal stool samples from 200 children were collected from Lady Sandeman Hospital Quetta and cultured on nutrient agar and later transferred to E. coli specific growth media for initial detection. For further confirmation the colonies were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR results revealed that 44(22%) samples out of 200 samples were positive for E. coli. These results indicate a high proportion of E. coli infection among children suffering with diarrhea.

scholarly journals ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINSFROM DIARRHOEIC STOOLSAMPLES OF CHILDREN BELOW 5 YEARS OF AGE IN DAMATURU, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Anotu Mopelola Deji-Agboola ◽  
Mohammed Ali ◽  
Olubunmi Adetokunbo Osinupebi ◽  
Stephen Olaosebikan Makanjuola
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Predominant Strain ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is an important cause of deaths mostly in infants and young children with diarrhoea worldwide. This study investigated Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains in diarrhoeic stool samples of children below 5 years of age in Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria. Microscopy, culture and antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out on stool specimens obtained from children with diarrhoea. All isolated Escherichia coli were investigated for virulence eae and eaf genes of EPEC strains using Polymerase Chain Reaction method. Information on risk factors of diarrhoea was obtained using the questionnaire. Out of 307 children, 154 (50.2%) were male and 153 (49.8%) female, majority 107 (34.9%) were 3 years old. A total of 175 (57.0%) Escherichia coli were isolated, 19 (10.9%) were identified to be enteropathogenic Escherichia coli of these, 17 (89.5%) were atypical (carries eae genes) while only 2 (10.5%) were typical (harbours eaf genes). Multidrug resistance was observed in some of the isolates, the EPEC were resistant to Reflacin (47.4%), Ciprofloxacin (36.8%), Augmentin (36.8%), Septrin (36.8%). The major factor that predispose children to diarrhoea are poor hygiene practices. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial causing diarrhoea and atypical EPEC is the predominant strain circulating among these children.

scholarly journals DiarrhoeagenicEscherichia coliandEscherichia albertiiin Brazil: pathotypes and serotypes over a 6-year period of surveillance

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ori ◽  
E. H. Takagi ◽  
T. S. Andrade ◽  
B. T. Miguel ◽  
M. C. Cergole-Novella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enteric Diseases ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
And Control

AbstractDiarrhoeagenicEscherichia coli(DEC) is a leading cause of infectious diarrhoea worldwide. In recent years,Escherichia albertiihas also been implicated as a cause of human enteric diseases. This study describes the occurrence ofE. colipathotypes and serotypes associated with enteric illness and haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) isolated in Brazil from 2011 to 2016. Pathotypes isolated included enteropathogenicE. coli(EPEC), enteroaggregativeE. coli(EAEC), enterotoxigenicE. coli(ETEC), enteroinvasiveE. coli(EIEC) and Shiga toxin-producingE. coli(STEC). PCR of stool enrichments for DEC pathotypes was employed, andE. albertiiwas also sought. O:H serotyping was performed on all DEC isolates. A total of 683 DEC and 10E. albertiistrains were isolated from 5047 clinical samples. The frequencies of DEC pathotypes were 52.6% (359/683) for EPEC, 32.5% for EAEC, 6.3% for ETEC, 4.4% for EIEC and 4.2% for STEC. DEC strains occurred in patients from 3 months to 96 years old, but EPEC, EAEC and STEC were most prevalent among children. Both typical and atypical isolates of EPEC and EAEC were recovered and presented great serotype heterogeneity. HUS cases were only associated with STEC serotype O157:H7. TwoE. albertiiisolates belonged to serogroup O113 and one had thestx2f gene. The higher prevalence of atypical EPEC in relation to EAEC in community-acquired diarrhoea in Brazil suggests a shift in the trend of DEC pathotypes circulation as previously EAEC predominated. This is the first report ofE. albertiiisolation from active surveillance. These results highlight the need of continuing DEC andE. albertiisurveillance, as a mean to detect changes in the pattern of pathotypes and serotypes circulation and provide useful information for intervention and control strategies.

scholarly journals Frequency and Diversity of Hybrid Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Júllia A. S. Nascimento ◽  
Fernanda F. Santos ◽  
Tiago B. Valiatti ◽  
José F. Santos-Neto ◽  
Ana Carolina M. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

(1) Background: Hybrid uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains carry virulence markers of the diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) pathotypes, which may increase their virulence potential. This study analyzed the frequency and virulence potential of hybrid strains among 452 UPEC strains. (2) Methods: Strains were tested for the DEC virulence diagnostic genes’ presence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Those carrying at least one gene were classified as hybrid and further tested for 10 UPEC and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) virulence genes and phylogenetic classification. Also, their ability to produce hemolysis, adhere to HeLa and renal HEK 293T cells, form a biofilm, and antimicrobial susceptibility were evaluated. (3) Results: Nine (2%) hybrid strains were detected; seven of them carried aggR and two, eae, and were classified as UPEC/EAEC (enteroaggregative E. coli) and UPEC/aEPEC (atypical enteropathogenic E. coli), respectively. They belonged to phylogroups A (five strains), B1 (three), and D (one), and adhered to both cell lineages tested. Only the UPEC/EAEC strains were hemolytic (five strains) and produced biofilm. One UPEC/aEPEC strain was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carried blaCTX-M-15. (4) Conclusions: Our findings contribute to understanding the occurrence and pathogenicity of hybrid UPEC strains, which may cause more severe infections.

Immunogenic peptide mimotopes from an epitope of Escherichia coli O157 LPS

2016 ◽  
Vol 473 (21) ◽  
pp. 3791-3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Navarro ◽  
Ulises Hernández-Chiñas ◽  
Delia Licona-Moreno ◽  
Edgar Zenteno ◽  
Alejandro Cravioto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Positive Reactivity ◽  
Peptide Mimotopes ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a subtype of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli that is associated with haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Studies of populations in endemic areas have reported that the presence of specific antibodies against the O157 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is associated with a lower incidence of diarrhoea and HUS. Phage display and IgG anti-O157 LPS antibodies were used in the present study to select peptide mimotopes of O157 LPS expressed in protein III of the M13 phage. Synthetic peptides (SP) were designed using the derived amino acid sequences obtained from DNA nucleotides of 63 selected phagotopes. The LxP/YP/SxL motif was identified in five of the phagotope amino acid sequences. Antibody responses against the phagotopes and their corresponding SPs were evaluated. SP12, one of the designed SP, induced the production of antibodies against the homologous peptide (1:800) and O157 LPS (1:200). The specificity of anti-SP12 antiserum was confirmed by analyzing its response to SP3, an SP with a different amino acid sequence than that of SP12, as well as against an E. coli LPS different from O157. Competitive studies with SP12 and O157 LPS showed a significant decrease in anti-SP12 and anti-LPS O157 antiserum responses against SP12 and O157 LPS, respectively. Eighteen (82%) of the 22 human serum samples with positive reactivity against E. coli O157 LPS reacted with SP12 SP (cut-off >0.4). These results support the idea that SP12 is an immunogenic mimotope of O157 LPS.

scholarly journals Virulence Potential of Activatable Shiga Toxin 2d–Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Fresh Produce

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 2085-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA R. MELTON-CELSA ◽  
ALISON D. O'BRIEN ◽  
PETER C. H. FENG
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Beef Products ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Shiga toxin (Stx)–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are food- and waterborne pathogens that are often transmitted via beef products or fresh produce. STEC strains cause both sporadic infections and outbreaks, which may result in hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. STEC strains may elaborate Stx1, Stx2, and/or subtypes of those toxins. Epidemiological evidence indicates that STEC that produce subtypes Stx2a, Stx2c, and/or Stx2d are more often associated with serious illness. The Stx2d subtype becomes more toxic to Vero cells after incubation with intestinal mucus or elastase, a process named “activation.” Stx2d is not generally found in the E. coli serotypes most commonly connected to STEC outbreaks. However, STEC strains that are stx2d positive can be isolated from foods, an occurrence that gives rise to the question of whether those food isolates are potential human pathogens. In this study, we examined 14 STEC strains from fresh produce that were stx2d positive and found that they all produced the mucus-activatable Stx2d and that a subset of the strains tested were virulent in streptomycin-treated mice.

scholarly journals Virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolates from commercialized saltwater mussels Mytella guyanensis (Lamarck, 1819)

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Barbosa ◽  
T. A. Conceição ◽  
M. D. Baliza ◽  
V. M. A. Camilo ◽  
P. J. L. Juiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion Medium

Abstract The isolation of Escherichia coli from food is a major concern. Pathogenic strains of these bacteria cause diseases which range from diarrhea to hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Therefore the virulence genes in E. coli isolates from the mussel ( Mytella guyanensis) commercialized in Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil were investigated. Samples were purchased from four vendors: two from supermarkets and two from fair outlets. They were conditioned into isothermal boxes with reusable ice and transported to the laboratory for analysis. E. coli strains were isolated in eosin methylene blue agar, preserved in brain-heart infusion medium with 15% glycerol and stored at -20 °C, after microbiological analysis. Virulence genes in the isolated strains were identified by specific primers, with Polymerase Chain Reaction. Twenty-four isolates were obtained, with a prevalence of elt gene, typical from enterotoxigenic infection, in 75% of the isolates. The stx and bfpA genes, prevalent in enterohemorragic and enteropathogenic E. coli, respectively, were not detected. The occurrence of elt virulence-related gene in the E. coli isolates of Mytella guyanensis reveals urgent improvement in food processing, including good handling practices, adequate storage and cooking before consumption, to ensure consumer’s health.

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