scholarly journals Screening and Detection of Heterogenous Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus in Hospital Kuala Lumpur Malaysia, Using the Glycopeptide Resistance Detection Etest and Population Analysis Profiling

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Siti Roszilawati Ramli ◽  
Hui-min Neoh ◽  
Muhammad Nazri Aziz ◽  
Salasawati Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
First Report ◽  
Resistance Detection

In a 3-month study done in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL), 7 out of 320 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were confirmed as heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) using the glycopeptide resistance detection e-test and population analysis, giving a prevalence rate of 2.19%. This is the first report of hVISA in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Screening and detection of heterogenous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus in Hospital Kuala Lumpur Malaysia, using the glycopeptide resistance detection etest and population analysis profiling

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Roszilawati Ramli ◽  
Hui-min Neoh ◽  
Muhammad Nazri Aziz ◽  
Salasawati Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
First Report ◽  
Resistance Detection

In a 3-month study done in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL), 7 out of 320 methicillin resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>isolates were confirmed as heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) using the glycopeptide resistance detection e-test and population analysis, giving a prevalence rate of 2.19%. This is the first report of hVISA in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Role of ArlRS and VraSR in Regulating Ceftaroline Hypersusceptibility in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Maite Villanueva ◽  
Melanie Roch ◽  
Iñigo Lasa ◽  
Adriana Renzoni ◽  
William L. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Signal Systems ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Two Component Systems

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections are a global health problem. New control strategies, including fifth-generation cephalosporins such as ceftaroline, have been developed, however rare sporadic resistance has been reported. Our study aimed to determine whether disruption of two-component environmental signal systems detectably led to enhanced susceptibility to ceftaroline in S. aureus CA-MRSA strain MW2 at sub-MIC concentrations where cells normally continue to grow. A collection of sequential mutants in all fifteen S. aureus non-essential two-component systems (TCS) was first screened for ceftaroline sub-MIC susceptibility, using the spot population analysis profile method. We discovered a role for both ArlRS and VraSR TCS as determinants responsible for MW2 survival in the presence of sub-MIC ceftaroline. Subsequent analysis showed that dual disruption of both arlRS and vraSR resulted in a very strong ceftaroline hypersensitivity phenotype. Genetic complementation analysis confirmed these results and further revealed that arlRS and vraSR likely regulate some common pathway(s) yet to be determined. Our study shows that S. aureus uses particular TCS environmental sensing systems for this type of defense and illustrates the proof of principle that if these TCS were inhibited, the efficacy of certain antibiotics might be considerably enhanced.

scholarly journals Synergism between β-Lactams and Glycopeptides against VanA-Type Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Heterologous Expression of the vanA Operon

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 3622-3630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Périchon ◽  
Patrice Courvalin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Vancomycin Resistance ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT Vancomycin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus NY-VRSA and VRSA-5 is due to acquisition of a vanA operon located in a Tn1546-like element. The vanA gene cluster of NY-VRSA contained one copy of insertion sequences IS1251 and IS1216V relative to that of VRSA-5. As evidenced by the nature of the late peptidoglycan precursors and by quantification of d,d-peptidase activities, the vancomycin resistance genes were efficiently expressed in both strains. Study of the stability and inducibility of glycopeptide resistance suggested that low-level glycopeptide resistance of NY-VRSA was most probably due to plasmid instability combined with a long delay for resistance induction. The activity of combinations of vancomycin or teicoplanin with oxacillin against the four VanA-type S. aureus strains already reported was tested by single and double disk diffusion, E-test on agar alone or supplemented with antibiotics, the checkerboard technique, and by determining time-kill curves. A strong synergism against the four clinical isolates, with fractional inhibitory concentration indexes from 0.008 to 0.024, was reproducibly observed between the two antibiotics by all methods. These observations indicate that cell wall inhibitors of the β-lactam and glycopeptide classes exert strong and mutual antagonistic effects on resistance to each other against VanA-type methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

scholarly journals Pediatric pharmaceutical care with anti-infective medication in a patient with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 205873842092571
Author(s):  
Chanmei Lv ◽  
Jiantao Lv ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Qifeng Liu ◽  
Dongna Zou
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
First Line ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Red Man Syndrome

The infection of the bone marrow system caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) leads to a variety of common diseases which usually occur in children under the age of 12. Vancomycin (VCM) is the first-line therapy for MRSA-caused serious infections such as bacteremia, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, and severe skin and soft-tissue infection (e.g. necrotizing fasciitis) with a recommended dosage of 15–20 μg/mL. In this study, we first report a case of a child with MRSA-caused osteomyelitis who was successfully cured by VCM at a concentration of 4.86 μg/mL. VCM’s clinical daily dose of more than 4 g was of concern in light of recent evidence suggesting the increased risks of nephrotoxicity and red man syndrome when Cmin ⩾15 μg/mL and doses ⩾10 mg/kg in children. As far as we know, this is the first report on the lower dose of VCM in children with MRSA osteomyelitis.

scholarly journals Scope and Predictive Genetic/Phenotypic Signatures of Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) Responsiveness and β-Lactam Sensitization in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvi C. Ersoy ◽  
Mariam Otmishi ◽  
Vanessa T. Milan ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Youngju Pak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Testing Medium ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

ABSTRACT Addition of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing medium reveals certain methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains to be highly susceptible to β-lactams. We investigated the prevalence of this phenotype (NaHCO3 responsiveness) to two β-lactams among 58 clinical MRSA bloodstream isolates. Of note, ∼75% and ∼36% of isolates displayed the NaHCO3 responsiveness phenotype to cefazolin (CFZ) and oxacillin (OXA), respectively. Neither intrinsic β-lactam MICs in standard Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) nor population analysis profiles were predictive of this phenotype. Several genotypic markers (clonal complex 8 [CC8]; agr I and spa t008) were associated with NaHCO3 responsiveness for OXA.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus prevalence among hospitalized patients

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Žaneta Pavilonytė ◽  
Renata Kaukėnienė ◽  
Aleksandras Antuševas ◽  
Alvydas Pavilonis
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phage Group ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus strains among hospitalized patients at the beginning of their hospitalization and during their treatment and the resistance of strains to antibiotics, and to evaluate epidemiologic characteristics of these strains. Patients and methods. Sixty-one patients treated at the Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery were examined. Identification of Staphylococcus aureus strains was performed using plasmacoagulase and DNase tests. The resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics, b-lactamase production, phagotypes, and phagogroups were determined. The isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains were tested for resistance to methicillin by performing disc diffusion method using commercial discs (Oxoid) (methicillin 5 mg per disk and oxacillin 1 mg per disk). Results. A total of 297 Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated. On the first day of hospitalization, the prevalence rate of Staphylococcus aureus strains among patients was 67.3%, and it statistically significantly increased to 91.8% on days 7–10 of hospitalization (P<0.05). During hospitalization, patients were colonized with Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to cephalothin (17.6% of patients, P<0.05), cefazolin (14.6%, P<0.05), tetracycline (15.0%, P<0.05), gentamicin (37.7%, P<0.001), doxycycline (30.7%, P<0.001), and tobramycin (10.6%, P>0.05). Three patients (4.9%) were colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, belonging to phage group II phage type 3A and phage group III phage types 83A and 77; 22.6– 25.5% of Staphylococcus aureus strains were nontypable. During hospitalization, the prevalence rate of phage group II Staphylococcus aureus strains decreased from 39.6% to 5.7% (P<0.05) and the prevalence rate of phage group III Staphylococcus aureus strains increased to 29.5% (P<0.001). Conclusions. Although our understanding of Staphylococcus aureus is increasing, well-designed communitybased studies with adequate risk factor analysis are required to elucidate further the epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus provides relevant information on the extent of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic, identifies priorities for infection control and the need for adjustments in antimicrobial drug policy, and guides intervention programs.

scholarly journals First report of sasX-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 364 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemasa Nakaminami ◽  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Ayumu Ito ◽  
Miki Matsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
First Report
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