scholarly journals Acute monocytic leukemia diagnosed by flow cytometry includes acute myeloid leukemias with weakly or faintly positive non-specific esterase staining

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriko Zushi ◽  
Miho Sasaki ◽  
Ayano Mori ◽  
Toshiharu Saitoh ◽  
Takae Goka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Weak Positivity ◽  
Myeloid Leukemias ◽  
Acute Myeloid

A diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia(AML-M5) based on α-naphthyl butyrateesterase (α-NB) staining has some problems,because AML-M5 leukemic cells often showweak or faint positivity on α-NB staining. Inthese situations, some cases of AML-M5tend to be misdiagnosed as AML-M0. Therefore, we evaluated the significance ofweak or faint α-NB staining in AML-M5diagnosed by flow cytometry (FCM). Nineteen AML cases in which leukemic cellswere negative for naphthol AS-D chloroac-etate esterase staining were studied. ForFCM, we defined leukemic cells as having amonocytic nature when more than 10% ofthe leukemic cells were positive for at leastone of the following antigens: CD4, CD11c,CD14, and CD64. The monocytic naturedetermined by FCM was consistent with pos-itive or weak positivity on α-NB staining. Five of 6 cases in which leukemic cellsexhibited faint positivity for α-NB stainingcould be diagnosed as AML-M5 by FCM,while negative α-NB staining was consistentwith a diagnosis of AML-M0. These resultssuggest that AML-M5 should be taken intoconsideration even when leukemic cells arefaintly positive for α-NB staining.

scholarly journals Studies in acute leukemia. I. Antibody-dependent and spontaneous cellular cytotoxicity by leukemic blasts from patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-580
Author(s):  
G Fernandes ◽  
T Garrett ◽  
M Nair ◽  
D Straus ◽  
RA Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fc Receptors ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Adcc Activity ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
K562 Cell Line ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens

Leukemic blasts from patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia were examined for the presence of Ig, receptors for IgGFc, and for their capacity to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against chicken red blood cells (RBC) coated with IgG and spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) against cells of K562 cell line. Leukemic blasts from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients lacked both Fc receptors and Ig on their surface, had no SCMC activity and majority, but not all of them, lacked ADCC activity. Leukemic blasts from patients with acute monocytic leukemia (AMOL) had Fc receptors, and 50% had IgG on their surface. IgG was cytophilic and appeared not to be directed against cell-surface antigens. This antibody did not interfere with the ADCC activity of leukemic cells. Leukemic blasts from majority of patients with AMOL mediated ADCC, but had no SCMC activity. An association between ADCC and presence of Fc receptor was observed.

scholarly journals Antileukemic activity of novel adenosine derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastazja Poczta ◽  
Aneta Rogalska ◽  
Małgorzata Łukawska ◽  
Agnieszka Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
High Cytotoxicity ◽  
Atr Kinase

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of cladribine (CLA) and six of its derivatives containing a formamidine group at position 6 (CLA-FDM, CLA-FPAZ, CLA-FPIR, CLA-FPIP, CLA-FHEX, and CLA-FMOR) on acute promyelocytic, lymphoblastic, and acute monocytic leukemia cells. The role of ATR kinase in deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) activation in response to DNA damage was assessed. The presence of DNA lesions was assessed by measurement phosphorylation of H2AX and by using the alkaline comet assay with proteinase K post-treatment following assessment of the cell cycle. Apoptotic events such as alterations in intracellular calcium concentration, caspase-3/7 activity and increased sub-G1 cell population were measured. CLA derivatives were highly effective against leukemic cells, showing high cytotoxicity, causing DNA fragmentation, and inducing DNA-protein cross-links in leukemic cells. CLA-FMOR showed the highest efficacy. CLA derivatives increased the levels of intracellular calcium ions, caspase-3/7 and the percentage of sub-G1 apoptotic cells and blocked cells in the S phase of the cell cycle to a greater extent than free CLA. The selective ATR inhibitor VE-821 significantly suppressed the increase in dCK activity and decreased basal dCK activity. The present results suggested that ATR kinase controls dCK activity in response to synthetic CLA derivatives.

scholarly journals The effects of photodynamic therapy on leukemia cells mediated by KillerRed, a genetically encoded fluorescent protein photosensitizer

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yuan ◽  
Chengcheng Liu ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Wenpeng Ma ◽  
Xiaozhuo Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia

Abstract Background Leukemia is a cancer of blood and bone marrow cells, causing about 300,000 deaths worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative for the treatment of malignant tumors. KillerRed is a genetically encoded red fluorescent protein photosensitizer (PS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of KillerRed-mediated PDT on chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells, acute monocytic leukemia NB4 cells, and acute monocytic leukemia THP1 cells. Methods KillerRed was expressed in Escherichia coli cells, purified by Q-Sepharose column, and confirmed by western-blotting. The PDT effect on cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Cell apoptosis was determined by PE Annexin V/7-AAD staining and flow cytometry. The distribution of KillerRed in leukemia cells was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and western-blotting. The ROS generation was measured by flow cytometry. Results Pure KillerRed was obtained with a yield of about 37 mg per liter of bacterial cells. KillerRed photodynamic inactivated the leukemia cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but exhibited no obvious dark toxicity. PDT mediated by KillerRed could also induce apoptotic response (mainly early apoptosis) in the three cell lines. The CLSM imaging indicated that KillerRed was distributed within the cytoplasm and nuclei of leukemia cells, causing damages to the cytoplasm and leaving the nuclear envelope intact during light irradiation. KillerRed distributed both in the cytosol and nuclei was confirmed by western blotting, and ROS significantly increased in PDT treated cells compared to the cells treated with KillerRed alone. Conclusions Our studies demonstrated that KillerRed-mediated PDT could effectively inactivate K562, NB4, and THP1 leukemia cells and trigger cell apoptosis, and it has potential to be used individually or complementally, in the treatment of leukemia.

scholarly journals Indeterminate Cell Histiocytosis in Association with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Ventura ◽  
Teresa Pereira ◽  
Maria da Luz Duarte ◽  
Herlander Marques ◽  
Fernando Pardal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Indeterminate cell histiocytosis (ICH) is a rare proliferative disorder, in which the predominant cells share morphologic and immunophenotypic features from both Langerhans and non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. We describe a 62-year-old man presenting a 2-month history of firm nodular lesions on the upper lip. Histopathology, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis showed typical findings of ICH. The patient was treated with thalidomide and almost complete regression of the lesions was reached within 7 months. Nevertheless, one month after remission, he developed an acute myeloid leukemia of the subtype monocytic leukemia (M5). The patient's condition rapidly worsened and he died due to a respiratory failure four weeks later. We present this case because apart of being rare it joins the effectiveness of thalidomide and the association with an acute monocytic leukemia. A review of the literature is made.

scholarly journals c-fms expression is a molecular marker of human acute myeloid leukemias

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Dubreuil ◽  
H Torres ◽  
MA Courcoul ◽  
F Birg ◽  
P Mannoni
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Myeloid Leukemias ◽  
Fab Classification ◽  
Polypeptide Growth Factor ◽  
French American British ◽  
Acute Myeloid

The c-fms protooncogene product was identified as the CSF-1 or M-CSF receptor, a polypeptide growth factor that plays a major role in myelomonocytic differentiation. This led us to look for expression of c- fms in fresh acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, using Northern blot analysis. c-fms expression was found in the leukemic cells of 28 AML patients, regardless of their stage of differentiation, which was assessed in the French-American-British (FAB) classification. However, the level of c-fms expression was especially high in AML of the M5 stage. High levels of expression were not accompanied by either amplification or rearrangements of the c-fms gene in AML cell DNAs. In contrast, c-fms expression was not found in acute lymphoid leukemias, whether of T or B origin. Thus, c-fms expression appears as a specific molecular marker of leukemogenesis in the myeloid lineage.

scholarly journals Cell marker analysis in acute monocytic leukemias

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901
Author(s):  
B Koziner ◽  
S McKenzie ◽  
D Straus ◽  
B Clarkson ◽  
RA Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Multiple Differentiation ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

Leukemic cells from nine cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were characterized by multiple differentiation markers. Cells in most cases were phagocytic, carried an Fc receptor, and stained positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase but negatively for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. However, subtle differences in marker expression were observed which suggested different degrees of leukemic cellular maturation or activation. Cell marker analysis proved to be a useful adjunct to conventional morphology in confirming the diagnosis and the recognition of the neoplastic cells in AMoL, and may ultimately provide insight into the functional state of these cells.

scholarly journals 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine induces terminal differentiation of leukemic blasts from patients with acute myeloid leukemias

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 922-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinto ◽  
V Attadia ◽  
A Fusco ◽  
F Ferrara ◽  
OA Spada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemias ◽  
Human Leukemic Cells ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract In this study, the effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine on differentiation of human leukemic cells in primary suspension culture are reported for the first time. Morphological and functional differentiation was induced in cells from two acute monoblastic leukemias and two of three acute myeloid leukemias following repeated exposures to 1 mumol/L 5-aza- 2′-deoxycytidine. The observation that nontoxic concentrations of the drug are able to induce the in vitro differentiation of both monoblastic and myeloblastic leukemic cells into mature elements may encourage the exploitation of the differentiating properties of 5-aza- 2′-deoxycytidine in chemotherapy protocols for acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias.

scholarly journals MICROSCOPIC AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE AUER BODIES IN LEUKEMIC CELLS

Blood ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 847-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. ADOLPH ACKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Desoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase

Abstract (1) Seventeen cases of acute leukemia with Auer bodies have been reported. Studies were carried out on 7 cases of acute monocytic leukemia and 3 cases of subacute myelogenous leukemia. (2) Histochemical studies showed the Auer bodies to be oxidase, peroxidase, and periodic acid-Schiff positive; sudanophilic, slightly metachromatic and to give positive tests for acetal lipids and ribonucleic acid. (3) The Auer bodies were negative for acid and alkaline phosphatase, lipase, glycogen, desoxyribonucleic acid and were non-birefringent. (4) A change in the chemical nature of the Auer body from an acid condition to a more neutral state was noted. This change corresponded with the changes of the normal cytoplasmic granulation of the myelocytes and monocytes during maturation. (5) The effects of cellular movements, trauma, and temperature changes upon the Auer bodies were studied. (6) Several leukemic cells, containing Auer bodies, were studied during the process of mitosis. (7) A theory as to the formation and disintegration of the Auer bodies has been presented.

scholarly journals Cell marker analysis in acute monocytic leukemias

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Koziner ◽  
S McKenzie ◽  
D Straus ◽  
B Clarkson ◽  
RA Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Multiple Differentiation ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

Abstract Leukemic cells from nine cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were characterized by multiple differentiation markers. Cells in most cases were phagocytic, carried an Fc receptor, and stained positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase but negatively for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. However, subtle differences in marker expression were observed which suggested different degrees of leukemic cellular maturation or activation. Cell marker analysis proved to be a useful adjunct to conventional morphology in confirming the diagnosis and the recognition of the neoplastic cells in AMoL, and may ultimately provide insight into the functional state of these cells.

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