scholarly journals Variations in weight stigma concerns

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Cornick ◽  
Cambridge Teter ◽  
Andrew K. Thaw
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity Rate

Over the past 40 years, obesity rates in the United States have grown significantly; these rates have not grown uniformly across the United States (18 of the 20 counties with the highest obesity rates are located in the South). Obesity increases cardiovascular disease risk factors and new research has highlighted the negative psychological effects of obesity, known as weight stigma, including decreased selfcontrol resources, over eating, and exercise avoidance. The primary objective of this study was to determine if weight stigma concerns varied regionally and if social behaviors influenced this variation. In two studies, we collected cross-sectional data from participants in the United States including height and weight, weight stigma concerns, and perception of friends’ preoccupation with weight and dieting. We also collected each participant’s home zip code which was used to locate local obesity rate. We established differences in the relationship between body mass index and weight stigma concerns by local county obesity rate and showed that perceived friend preoccupation with weight and dieting mediated this relationship for individuals in low and medium obesity rate counties. For individuals living in United States counties with lower levels of obesity, increases in personal body mass index leads to increased weight stigma concerns due to an increase in perceived friend preoccupation with weight and dieting. These results indicate that relationships between body mass index, weight stigma concerns, and social networks vary significantly for subpopulations throughout the United States.

Age-Group Differences in Body Mass Index, Weight, and Height in Adults With Down Syndrome and Adults With Intellectual Disability From the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Stamatis Agiovlasitis ◽  
Jooyeon Jin ◽  
Joonkoo Yun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

The authors examined if body mass index (BMI), weight, and height across age groups differ between adults with Down syndrome (DS) and adults with intellectual disability but without DS. They conducted secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from 45,803 individuals from the United States from 2009 to 2014 of the National Core Indicators Adult Consumer Survey across five age groups: 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, and 60+ years. For both men and women with DS, BMI and weight increased between the 18- to 29- and the 30- to 39-year age groups and decreased thereafter. For both men and women with intellectual disability, BMI and weight increased between the 18- to 29- and the 30- to 39-year age groups, stayed about the same until the 50- to 59-year age group, and decreased thereafter. Height demonstrated a small but significant decrease with older age in all groups. These cross-sectional comparisons indicate that BMI and weight may start decreasing at a younger age in adults with DS than in adults with intellectual disability.

scholarly journals Impact of Acculturation on Body Mass Index in Haitians

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirva Berthold Lafontant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Longer term immigrants residing in the United States exhibit physical health decline related to higher body mass index (BMI). Theories on immigrant acculturation have been used to examine health patterns by length of stay in the United States. The purpose of this cross-sectional study, guided by the Schwartz model of acculturation, was to examine the effect of acculturation and length of stay in the United States on BMI in a sample of Haitian immigrants living in a northeast metropolitan area. The research question was developed to examine the effects of acculturation and how long immigrants reside in the United States on BMI. The Participants included a convenience sample of 116 Haitian men and women, aged 18 years and older, who had relocated to the United States for 3 years or more. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and medical records from a participating health clinic and then analyzed by conducting multiple linear regression statistical analyses. Results revealed that acculturation, length of stay in the United States, age, gender, and physical activity were not significant predictors of BMI change. An ancillary analysis using the subscales of acculturation revealed similar results. This study may provide positive social change by enabling health providers to understand the beliefs, values, and practices of Haitian immigrant groups and the acculturation pattern of individuals when providing care for this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of High C-Reactive Protein in Persons with Serum Lipid Concentrations within Recommended Values

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1618-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umed A Ajani ◽  
Earl S Ford ◽  
Ali H Mokdad
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract Background: C-Reactive protein (CRP) has been shown to be a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) and is being considered in cardiovascular disease risk assessment. The number of normolipidemic individuals who are eligible for evaluation of CRP in overall CHD risk assessment is not known. Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2000 and computed the prevalence of high CRP (>3 mg/L) among normolipidemic adults. We also computed the prevalence among individuals free of CHD and diabetes. In addition, we examined the prevalence stratified by body mass index. Results: The prevalence of high CRP among those with lipid concentrations within recommended values ranged from 28.8% to 35.3%, depending on the lipid fraction examined. Exclusion of individuals with CHD or diabetes and those with CRP concentrations >10 mg/L reduced the prevalence range (23.1–27.1%). Prevalence increased with increasing body mass index. Conclusions: In 2000, ∼12 million adults in the United States considered normolipidemic had high CRP concentrations. Additional studies to explore the role of CRP in cardiovascular disease risk assessment are needed.

scholarly journals Relationship of Preeclampsia With Maternal Place of Birth and Duration of Residence Among Non-Hispanic Black Women in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Boakye ◽  
Garima Sharma ◽  
S. Michelle Ogunwole ◽  
Sammy Zakaria ◽  
Arthur J. Vaught ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Healthy Immigrant Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in the United States. It disproportionately affects non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women, but little is known about how preeclampsia and other cardiovascular disease risk factors vary among different subpopulations of NHB women in the United States. We investigated the prevalence of preeclampsia by nativity (US born versus foreign born) and duration of US residence among NHB women. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Boston Birth Cohort (1998–2016), with a focus on NHB women. We performed multivariable logistic regression to investigate associations between preeclampsia, nativity, and duration of US residence after controlling for potential confounders. Results: Of 2697 NHB women, 40.5% were foreign born. Relative to them, US-born NHB women were younger, in higher percentage current smokers, had higher prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 ) and maternal stress, but lower educational level. The age-adjusted prevalence of preeclampsia was 12.4% and 9.1% among US-born and foreign-born women, respectively. When further categorized by duration of US residence, the prevalence of all studied cardiovascular disease risk factors except for diabetes was lower among foreign-born NHB women with <10 versus ≥10 years of US residence. Additionally, the odds of preeclampsia in foreign-born NHB women with duration of US residence <10 years was 37% lower than in US-born NHB women. In contrast, the odds of preeclampsia in foreign-born NHB women with duration of US residence ≥10 years was not significantly different from that of US-born NHB women after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusions: The prevalence of preeclampsia and other cardiovascular disease risk factors is lower in foreign-born than in US-born NHB women. The healthy immigrant effect, which typically results in health advantages for foreign-born women, appears to wane with longer duration of US residence (≥10 years). Further research is needed to better understand these associations.

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