scholarly journals Assessing the effects of air temperature and rainfall on malaria incidence: an epidemiological study across Rwanda and Uganda

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe J. Colón-González ◽  
Adrian M. Tompkins ◽  
Riccardo Biondi ◽  
Jean Pierre Bizimana ◽  
Didacus Bambaiha Namanya
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Malaria Surveillance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Climatic Information ◽  
Short Term Effects

We investigate the short-term effects of air temperature, rainfall, and socioeconomic indicators on malaria incidence across Rwanda and Uganda from 2002 to 2011. Delayed and nonlinear effects of temperature and rainfall data are estimated using generalised additive mixed models with a distributed lag nonlinear specification. A time series cross-validation algorithm is implemented to select the best subset of socioeconomic predictors and to define the degree of smoothing of the weather variables. Our findings show that trends in malaria incidence agree well with variations in both temperature and rainfall in both countries, although factors other than climate seem to play an important role too. The estimated short-term effects of air temperature and precipitation are nonlinear, in agreement with previous research and the ecology of the disease. These effects are robust to the effects of temporal correlation. The effects of socioeconomic data are difficult to ascertain and require further evaluation with longer time series. Climate-informed models had lower error estimates compared to models with no climatic information in 77 and 60% of the districts in Rwanda and Uganda, respectively. Our results highlight the importance of using climatic information in the analysis of malaria surveillance data, and show potential for the development of climateinformed malaria early warning systems.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Hospitalization for Respiratory Disease in Taiyuan, China: A Time-Series Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisha Luo ◽  
Yunquan Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Jiang ◽  
Hanghang Luan ◽  
Chuanhua Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants ◽  
Short Term Effects

In this study, we estimated the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory disease hospitalization in Taiyuan, China. Daily data of respiratory disease hospitalization, daily concentration of ambient air pollutants and meteorological factors from 1 October 2014 to 30 September 2017 in Taiyuan were included in our study. We conducted a time-series study design and applied a generalized additive model to evaluate the association between every 10-μg/m3 increment of air pollutants and percent increase of respiratory disease hospitalization. A total of 127,565 respiratory disease hospitalization cases were included in this study during the present period. In single-pollutant models, the effect values in multi-day lags were greater than those in single-day lags. PM2.5 at lag02 days, SO2 at lag03 days, PM10 and NO2 at lag05 days were observed to be strongly and significantly associated with respiratory disease hospitalization. No significant association was found between O3 and respiratory disease hospitalization. SO2 and NO2 were still significantly associated with hospitalization after adjusting for PM2.5 or PM10 into two-pollutant models. Females and younger population for respiratory disease were more vulnerable to air pollution than males and older groups. Therefore, some effective measures should be taken to strengthen the management of the ambient air pollutants, especially SO2 and NO2, and to enhance the protection of the high-risk population from air pollutants, thereby reducing the burden of respiratory disease caused by ambient air pollution.

scholarly journals Short-term effects of ambient (outdoor) air pollution on cardiovascular death in Tehran, Iran – a time series study

Toxin Reviews ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Azizallah Dehghan ◽  
Narges Khanjani ◽  
Abbas Bahrampour ◽  
Gholamreza Goudarzi ◽  
Masoud Yunesian
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Series Study ◽  
Short Term Effects
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