scholarly journals COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease in elderly patients: a challenge in the challenge

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Costa ◽  
Alberto Castagna ◽  
Carlo Torchia ◽  
Carmen Ruberto ◽  
Giovanni Ruotolo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Economic Organizations ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Frail Individual ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
New Strategies

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state, in relation to the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus disease- 2, responsible for the coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemical blast of COVID-19 uncovered well known weakness of financial chain and put our economic organizations facing off dramatic consequences if new strategies will not be developed to adapt health-care on detailed sub-groups of patients. Frail individual aged >65 years affected by cardiovascular disease are an aged population that showed a particular attitude to contract infection and a higher mortality rate compared to general population. In this brief article, we will focus on the management of issues related to cardiovascular patients facing coronavirus infection, in particular in the most fragile groups of the population such as the elderly, increasingly numerous and affected by multimorbidity. Protecting aged populations will be a central question, probably primary in everyone’s interest.

scholarly journals Does the medical insurance system play a real role in reducing catastrophic economic burden in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease in China? Implication for accurately targeting vulnerable characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiyan Ma ◽  
Wanxin Tian ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
Yuze Li ◽  
Qi Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The vulnerability of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients’ health abilities, combined with the severity of the disease and the overlapping risk factors, leads such people to bear the economic burden of the disease due to the medical services. We estimated the economic burden of CVD and identified the weak link in the design of the medical insurance. Methods Data from 5610 middle-aged and elderly with CVD were drawn from the 2015 wave of “China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study” (CHARLS). The recommended method of the “World Health Organization” (WHO) was adopted to calculate “catastrophic health expenditure” (CHE), “impoverishment by medical expenses” (IME), and applied the treatment-effect model to analyze the determinants of CHE. Results The incidence of CHE was 19.9% for the elderly families with CVD members, which was 3.6% higher than for uninsured families (16.3%). Families with CVD combined with > 3 other chronic diseases (38.88%) were the riskiest factor for the high CHE in the new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS). Moreover, families with members > 75 years old (33.33%), having two chronic disease (30.74%), and families having disabled members (33.33%), hospitalization members (32.41%) were identified as the high risky determinants for the high CHE in NCMS. Conclusions Elderly with physical vulnerabilities were more prone to CHE. The medical insurance only reduced barriers to accessing health resources for elderly with CVD; however it lacked the policy inclination for high-utilization populations, and had poorly accurate identification of the vulnerable characteristics of CVD, which in turn affects the economic protection ability of the medical insurance. The dispersion between the multiple medical security schemes leads to the existence of blind spots in the economic risk protection of individuals and families.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on Cardiovascular Patients and Review of Current COVID-19 Treatment Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Dalal A. Alfawaz ◽  
Mohammed Alfawaz ◽  
Ali M. Almutawa
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Cardiovascular Illness ◽  
Antiviral Medications ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has severely affected global health and caused a significant health burden worldwide, particularly in patients with cardiovascular insult. Worldwide, the COVID-19 confirmed cases number reached 81,658,440 cases with 1,802,206 deaths stated to the world health organization by January 1, 2021. Many risk factors, such as the elderly, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular illness, like coronary disease, cardiomyopathy, and hypertension; put people at high vulnerability with COVID-19 infection. Many cardiovascular insults directly occur because of COVID-19 infection as myocarditis, pericarditis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, thromboembolic events, or arrhythmias. This review aims to shed light on different management modalities for COVID-19 and discuss the impact of COVID-19 on underlying cardiovascular comorbidities.  Our hope lies in the COVID-19 vaccine as the best promising plan against the pandemic with the antiviral medications. Till the availability of antiviral agents and effective vaccines, repurposing drugs therapy would continue to be the mainstream. Cardiovascular diseases may be caused by or precedent conditions in COVID-19 patients. The physicians and the medical staff should be up-to-date regarding probable complications with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Cumulative Lifetime Burden of Cardiovascular Disease From Early Exposure to Air Pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyong Brian Kim ◽  
Mary Prunicki ◽  
Francois Haddad ◽  
Christopher Dant ◽  
Vanitha Sampath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The disease burden associated with air pollution continues to grow. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates ≈7 million people worldwide die yearly from exposure to polluted air, half of which—3.3 million—are attributable to cardiovascular disease (CVD), greater than from major modifiable CVD risks including smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. This serious and growing health threat is attributed to increasing urbanization of the world's populations with consequent exposure to polluted air. Especially vulnerable are the elderly, patients with pre‐existing CVD, and children. The cumulative lifetime burden in children is particularly of concern because their rapidly developing cardiopulmonary systems are more susceptible to damage and they spend more time outdoors and therefore inhale more pollutants. World Health Organization estimates that 93% of the world's children aged <15 years—1.8 billion children—breathe air that puts their health and development at risk. Here, we present growing scientific evidence, including from our own group, that chronic exposure to air pollution early in life is directly linked to development of major CVD risks, including obesity, hypertension, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we surveyed the literature for current knowledge of how pollution exposure early in life adversely impacts cardiovascular phenotypes, and lay the foundation for early intervention and other strategies that can help prevent this damage. We also discuss the need for better guidelines and additional research to validate exposure metrics and interventions that will ultimately help healthcare providers reduce the growing burden of CVD from pollution.

scholarly journals An evidence-based systematic review on emerging therapeutic and preventive strategies to treat novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) during an outbreak scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama M. Gudadappanavar ◽  
Jyoti Benni
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Recombinant Vaccines ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Full Length Genome

AbstractA novel coronavirus infection coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged from Wuhan, Hubei Province of China, in December 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is believed to be originated from bats in the local wet markets. Later, animal to human and human-to-human transmission of the virus began and resulting in widespread respiratory illness worldwide to around more than 180 countries. The World Health Organization declared this disease as a pandemic in March 2020. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. Nevertheless, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been studied against COVID-19 in clinical trials with clinical recovery. In the current review, we summarize the morphology and pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. A strong rational groundwork was made keeping the focus on current development of therapeutic agents and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Among the proposed therapeutic regimen, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, remdisevir, azithromycin, toclizumab and cromostat mesylate have shown promising results, and limited benefit was seen with lopinavir–ritonavir treatment in hospitalized adult patients with severe COVID-19. Early development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine started based on the full-length genome analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Several subunit vaccines, peptides, nucleic acids, plant-derived, recombinant vaccines are under pipeline. This article concludes and highlights ongoing advances in drug repurposing, therapeutics and vaccines to counter COVID-19, which collectively could enable efforts to halt the pandemic virus infection.

Identification of determinants of healthy ageing in Italy: results from the national survey IDAGIT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika Guastafierro ◽  
Ilaria Rocco ◽  
Rui Quintas ◽  
Barbara Corso ◽  
Nadia Minicuci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Ageing Model ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Healthy ageing is a public health problem globally. In Europe, the dependency ratio of the elderly is expected to increase by 21.6 per cent to 51.2 per cent in 2070. The World Health Organization (WHO) study on healthy ageing started in 2002 as a concept whereby all people of all ages should be able to live in a healthy, safe and socially inclusive way. The aim of this study is to present preliminary results of the project Identification of Determinants of Healthy Ageing in Italy (IDAGIT) that aimed to collect data on the active and healthy ageing of the Italian population aged over 18 using the conceptual framework of the WHO's ageing model. To link the determinants of the IDAGIT studies to those of the WHO model, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis which reported these variables as significant (in order of factor loading): smoking, cognition score, comorbidity, outdoor built environment, participation, working expertise and income. Considering comorbidity, 83.8 per cent of the sample declared not having any chronic diseases or to have only one, and regarding neurological diseases, only nine people had received a diagnosis of stroke. Regarding gender, the personal determinants and physical and social environments did not result in statistically significant differences, whereas we found statistical differences between the aged groups in all variables analysed. These results provide a first bio-psycho-social perspective on ageing in the Italian population.

scholarly journals Occupational health risk among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: actions to limit the risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Casper
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe World Health Organization declared coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic in March 2020. The infection with coronavirus started in Wuhan city, China, in December 2019. As of October 2020, the disease was reported in 235 countries. The coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. As of February 2021, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally is 102,942,987 and 2,232,233 deaths according to WHO report. This infection is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) β-coronavirus. The infection is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets.Healthcare workers (HCWs) play an essential role at the front lines, providing care for patients infected with this highly transmittable disease. They are exposed to very high occupational health risk as they frequently contact the infective persons. In order to limit the number of infected cases and deaths among healthcare workers, it is crucial to have better awareness, optimistic attitude, efficient PPE, and adequate health practices about COVID-19.

scholarly journals Implicações do uso do Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual na qualidade de vida de idosos

CoDAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Zorzetto Carniel ◽  
Juliana Cristina Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Carla Dias da Silva ◽  
Carla Aparecida de Urzedo Fortunato-Queiroz ◽  
Miguel Ângelo Hyppolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Hearing Handicap ◽  
Organization Quality ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Post Hoc

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar, por meio de questionários padronizados, a qualidade de vida de idosos com deficiência auditiva diagnosticada que utilizam ou não a prótese auditiva (AASI) e de idosos sem queixa auditiva. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra não probabilística, distribuída em três grupos divididos da seguinte forma: 30 idosos com perda auditiva diagnosticada e com indicação para uso do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI), mas que ainda não faziam uso da prótese; 30 idosos com deficiência auditiva que usavam o AASI; e 30 idosos sem queixa auditiva. Os participantes completaram um questionário que investigava dados sociodemográficos e familiares, o Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening Version (HHIE-S) e o World Health Organization Quality of Life - versão breve (WHOQOL-Breve). Além das análises descritivas dos dados, foram realizados testes para comparação dos três grupos, aplicando-se a análise de variância (ANOVA) e o teste post hoc de Bonferroni. Resultados Os três grupos se diferenciaram significativamente em todos os domínios de qualidade de vida. O grupo de idosos com perda auditiva diagnosticada e com indicação para uso do AASI apresentou menores escores que o grupo de idosos com deficiência auditiva que usavam o AASI e que o grupo de referência. O grupo com AASI apresentou os melhores resultados de qualidade de vida. Conclusão A perda auditiva afeta a qualidade de vida do idoso. O uso efetivo da prótese auditiva é benéfico a esta população, melhorando suas condições de vida e saúde.

Elder Abuse

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Older People ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Private Space ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
Justice Model ◽  
Health Organization

Criminological concerns with the victimization of the elderly has developed parallel to, and independently of, the elder abuse debate. Criminologists have traditionally been concerned with the commission of acts against the older person in public as opposed to private space. A further hindrance to criminological enquiry is the practice of defining elder abuse in terms of victim needs, rather than of basic human rights. There has been no neat evolutionary process from positive treatment of the elderly, attributed to some golden age in the past to their increasing present victimization rates globally. Elder victimization is a long way from the simplistic notions of “granny battering.” There is general agreement among scholars that older people regularly suffer victimization in private space—in the household and in care institutions. They regularly experience multiple forms of abuse. One can attribute some of these experiences to major social changes as declining family support for older people diminishes and the proportion of young to old decreases. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that as the global population ages, the number of people aged sixty years and older is estimated to reach 1.2 billion worldwide by 2025. More pointedly, the longevity is also inextricably linked to the maltreatment of the global old. In particular, we have seen offenders apprehended in transgressions against the young, women, and ethnic minorities but have yet to see an active criminal justice response concerned with the experience of elder victimization. The discipline’s reluctance to recognize elder victimization is associated with it commonly being labeled as victimization by intimates, and to be understood through the lenses of psychology and psychiatry rather than through a criminal justice model. Care and individual needs of the elderly have been the traditional focus, rather than social justice, reason, and rights. Justice and rights involve choice and free will. Older people are not simply passive recipients of other people’s actions—they resist their victimization and often fight back. This article is a critical exposition of the sources available on elders abused as part of a larger account of the experience of older people worldwide. In particular, the reader is reminded that this article is limited due to publishing word constraints. Therefore, it provides a balanced, limited overview of the major literature and research available in the Western context. More pointedly, the literature cited here is intended to reflect on recent scholarship considered to have the potential of adding to the debate in criminology and elder victimization. Given that the study of elder abuse is still in its infancy in the discipline of criminology, this article is therefore necessarily interdisciplinary.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Model Cox Proportional Hazard pada Pasien Stroke RSD Balung Kabupaten Jember

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Tutik Qomaria ◽  
Mohamad Fatekurohman ◽  
Dian Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Health Organization

<p>According to the World Health Organization (WHO) cardiovascular disease is a disease caused by impaired heart and blood vessel function. There are many types of cardiovascular disease, but the most common and most well-known are coronary heart disease and stroke. Stroke is a syndrome characterized by symptoms and / or rapidly developing clinical signs in the form of focal and global brain functional disorders lasting more than 24 hours (unless there are surgical interventions or bringing death), which are not caused by other causes besides vascular causes. The number of stroke patients in Indonesia in 2013 based on the diagnosis of health personnel (Nakes) was 1.236.825 (7,0%), while based on the diagnosis of symptoms was 2.137.941 (12,1%). In this study the factors that can affect the survival of stroke sufferers were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model, the dependent variable was the length of time the patient was treated and the independent variables were gender, age, hypertension status, cholesterol status, Diabetes Militus (DM) status, stroke type, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The result showed that age, DM status, and type of stroke were the most influential factors on the survival of stroke patients at Balung Regional Hospital.</p><strong>Keywords : </strong>stroke disease, survival analysis, Cox proportional hazard model

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document