scholarly journals Implementing EjtM3 (European Journal of Translational Myology, Mobility, Medicine) along the silk-road

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Arslan ◽  
Barbara Ravara
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Journal Title ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Marco Polo ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Silk Road

Two main novelties will appear in the second 2018 Issue of the European Journal of Translational Myology demonstrating that the journal is vital and in expansion, one novelty is that the journal is implementing its authorship and readership to broader clinical fields from muscle myology and mobility to clinical medicine and surgery. Consequently, the Editorial Board is also expanding to allow a broader expert evaluation of Authors submitted typescripts. The expanded Editorial Board recently evaluated the option to change the name of the journal from Ejtm to EjtM3 (Myology, Mobility, Medicine), in order to expand the original journal title meaning. Another important novelty is the first BAM Seminal Paper by Damraurer et al. 18 (5): 139-148, 2008. It is now reprinted (with Basic and Applied Myology permission) in this Ejtm 28 (2), 2018. The topic (chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting) was up-dated by one of our Editors stressing the relevance of the BAM 2008 paper to focus attention not only of myologists, but also of oncologists. From 2008, BAM (renamed from 2010 European Journal of Translational Myology) went far beyond the limits of pure Myology. Al last, but hopefully not at least, a series of Rapid Reports from Iranian Authors are paving the pathway Venetia–extreme Orient, along the ancient silk-road. Ejtm will enthusiastically publish clinical activities from surrounding and extreme Orient. The Marco Polo tradition and his bravery seem successfully continuing.

scholarly journals Genetic landscape of populations along the Silk Road: admixture and migration patterns

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Mezzavilla ◽  
Diego Vozzi ◽  
Nicola Pirastu ◽  
Giorgia Girotto ◽  
Pio D'Adamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Marco Polo ◽  
Genetic Landscape ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Silk Road

Background The ancient Silk Road has been a trading route between Europe and Central Asia from the 2nd century BCE to the 15th century CE. While most populations on this route have been characterized, the genetic background of others remains poorly understood, and little is known about past migration patterns. The scientific expedition "Marco Polo" has recently collected genetic and phenotypic data in six regions (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan) along the Silk Road to study the genetics of a number of phenotypes. Results We characterized the genetic structure of these populations within a worldwide context. We observed a West-East subdivision albeit the existence of a genetic component shared within Central Asia and nearby populations from Europe and Near East. We observed a contribution of up to 50% from Europe and Asia to most of the populations that have been analyzed. The contribution from Asia dates back to ~25 generations and is limited to the Eastern Silk Road. Time and direction of this contribution are consistent with the Mongolian expansion era. Conclusions We clarified the genetic structure of six populations from Central Asia and suggested a complex pattern of gene flow among them. We provided a map of migration events in time and space and we quantified exchanges among populations. Altogether these novel findings will support the future studies aimed at understanding the genetics of the phenotypes that have been collected during the Marco Polo campaign, they will provide insights into the history of these populations, and they will be useful to reconstruct the developments and events that have shaped modern Eurasians genomes.

Spanning Thousands of Miles and Years: Political Nostalgia and China's Revival of the Silk Road

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Benabdallah
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Silk Road

Abstract The study of international relations (IR) has paid increasing attention over the last decade or so to the politics of memory, trauma, shame, but to a less extent to the political instrumentalization of positive experiences of the past. Indeed, IR theory rarely engaged the concept of nostalgia and its place within foreign policy making despite its potential for providing a powerful theoretical lens to explain hegemonic power dynamics. Sitting at the intersection of time and space, of time and affect, and of past and present, political nostalgia enables state leaders to move back and forth in time bringing back the past not for the past's sake but for the promise of a prosperous future. This article examines Chinese government's nostalgic borrowings from the Ancient Silk Road in order to associate Xi Jinping's new grand strategy, the New Silk Road to notions of inclusivity and prosperity. Reviving stories about fifteenth-century Chinese admiral Zheng He and reconstructing the history of his maritime navigations through stories and images of camel caravans crossing sand dunes are illustrations of political nostalgia.

scholarly journals Polities and nomads: the emergence of the Silk Road exchange in the Tarim Basin region during late prehistory (2000–400 bce)

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Larsen Høisæter
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Trade Network ◽  
Eurasian Steppe ◽  
City States ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The City ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
Eastern Central Asia

AbstractThe Silk Road trade network was arguably the most important network of global exchange and interaction prior to the fifteenth century. On the question of how and when it developed, scholars have focused mainly on the role of either the empires dominating the two ends of the trade network or the nomadic empires on the Eurasian steppe. The sedentary people of Central Asia have, however, mostly been neglected. This article traces the development of the city-states of the Tarim Basin in eastern Central Asia, from c. 2000 bce to 400 bce. It argues that the development of the city-states of the Tarim Basin is closely linked to the rise of the ancient Silk Road and that the interaction between the Tarim polities, the nomads of the Eurasian steppe and the Han Empire was the central dynamic in the creation of the ancient Silk Road network in eastern Central Asia.

The Silk Road, Marco Polo, a bible and its proteome: A detective story

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3365-3373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Toniolo ◽  
Alfonsina D'Amato ◽  
Riccardo Saccenti ◽  
Davide Gulotta ◽  
Pier Giorgio Righetti
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Detective Story ◽  
Marco Polo ◽  
The Silk Road

scholarly journals Building Bridges on the Silk Road: A Strategy for Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
A. Greiman
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Official Document ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Silk Road

In March 2015, the Chinese government published an official document entitled “Vision and Actions on Jointly Building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road,” commonly known by the Chinese as “One Belt, One Road” (OBOR, 2015). The purpose of this massive initiative is to instill vigor and vitality into the ancient Silk Road, connecting Asian, European and African countries and their adjacent seas, more closely and to promote mutually beneficial cooperation to a new high and in new forms. Despite the establishment of the initiative, there has been very little scholarly discussion on the role of foreign direct investment in the important countries on the Silk Road and the impact of these investments on the people of these less-developed regions of the world. Vietnam is a critical partner in this initiative because it shares both maritime and land frontiers with China. Vietnam also serves as China’s largest trading partner in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), with two-way trade approaching $75 billion in 2016. China has always expressed a preference for bilateral negotiations in the contested waters of the Maritime Silk Road, despite efforts by ASEAN and other regional organizations to develop more multilateral approaches. Through empirical research, this paper analyzes the challenges and opportunities for China in advancing Silk Road initiatives bilaterally with Vietnam as one of its most important strategic partners. The paper also sets forth Vietnam’s strengths and challenges in integrating its own Five-Year Development Plan into strategic partnerships, regional trade agreements and bilateral arrangements on the Belt and Silk Road including how the country can improve its strategy for foreign direct investment. Through integrating the development strategies of Vietnam, the overall plans for expansion of the Belt and Maritime Silk Roads may become a reality, and serve as a model to facilitate trade and investment throughout the region.

Reviving the Ancient Silk Road: China's New Diplomatic Initiative

2014 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
John WONG ◽  
Liang Fook LYE
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Silk Road

Chinese President Xi Jinping has pursued a proactive foreign policy to strengthen ties with its neighbours. In particular, Xi has proposed two major initiatives, i.e. the Silk Road Economic Belt (an overland route) and the Maritime Silk Road of the 21st Century (a maritime route), that leverage on China's economic strengths. Nevertheless, China will have to contend with the interests of other major powers as well as its own lack of soft power in its implementation.

scholarly journals The New Silk Road as the Pendulum Axis of History: China’s “Journey to the West” Opens a Range of Opportunities to Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Georgina Higueras
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The West ◽  
Marco Polo ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Government ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Silk Road

The pendulum of History leaves the West to return to the East, as in the times of Marco Polo. China has found in the resurrection of the Silk Road the instrument for a more inclusive global economic growth and that is also in line with the multipolar world that the government proposes. In just five years, The Belt and Road Initiative, as it is formally referred to, has made great strides in its revolutionary global connection plan and added new followers, despite of the swiftness of the Chinese’s ascent is scaring many countries, especially its neighbors. The purpose of this article is to analyze the misgivings of Europe and the range of opportunities that Beijing is<br />offering to create together a model of sustainable<br />development and address the major challenges<br />that affect both: inequality, climate change and<br />protectionist drift. The New Silk Road is a unique<br />opportunity to bring closer the two extremes of<br />Eurasia, which today, more than ever, need to<br />understand each other.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of the cranial perforations on the Early Iron Age along the Ancient Silk Road in Xinjiang, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 6829-6839
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Zhan ◽  
Ai-Jia Mu ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Qun Zhang ◽  
Yong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Sharp Force ◽  
Left Parietal Bone ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Silk Road

Abstract Bioarcheologists and pathologists favor trauma on the skeletons since it could reflect the human activities and interpersonal relationship in the past. In this paper, we present the pattern of two cranial perforations found on an adult male buried in the Xiaoshankou Cemetery, which was part of the Silk Road region, dating back to the early Iron Age. The specimen of interest presents two perforations on his skull, with one perforation located on the anterior part of the left parietal bone, while the other is on the occipital bone near to the lambda. The morphology of the perforations indicates perimortem traumatic lesions, probably produced by a sharp force weapon, possibly arrowhead, through one shot. The interpretation of the penetrating lesions on this cranium offers new perspectives when diagnosing perforations on the skulls in the Xinjiang region. Meanwhile, this study adds literature to the patterns of violence in Xinjiang region as well.

scholarly journals Developmental Historiography of the Ancient Silk Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Sheriff G.I. ◽  
Akeje K.
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Far East ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Traded Goods ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Silk Road

This study seeks to explain the history of the ancient Silk Road and also explain its strategic importance as a network of trade routes connecting China and the Far East with the Middle East and Europe. Using the library's documented instrument and historical descriptive methodology, findings show that the Silk Road is historically connected with the Eastern and Western civilizations and culture. Merchants on the Silk Road transported goods and traded at bazaars along the way. They traded goods such as silk, spices, tea, ivory, cotton, wool, precious metals, and ideas. The Silk Road also enabled cultural transfers, for instance when Genghis Khan and the Mongols invaded China, they came along with their own culture, e.g., buttons on clothes were introduced in China as a cultural import from Central Asia especially under the rule of Kublai Khan during the Yuan Dynasty. The paper concludes that the Silk Road rose to prominence during the Han and Tang dynasties. The long-distance trade at this time did not just transport goods and luxuries, it was also a lifeline of ideas and innovations from Persia, India and countries of the Middle East and Central Asia.

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