scholarly journals Prevalence of muscular dystrophy in patients with muscular disorders in Tehran, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadijeh Hajinaghi Tehrani ◽  
Maliheh Hajiloo ◽  
Elham Asadollahi ◽  
Fariba Paydar Lagini
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Genetic Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscular Disorders

Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and the weakness of variable distribution and severity. On the basis of the distribution of predominant muscle weakness, there are many different kinds of muscular dystrophy. Some dystrophies are especially frequent in certain populations. There are no studies on the prevalence of muscular dystrophy in Iran. This study was aimed to survey the prevalence of muscular dystrophy among Iranian patients with muscular disorders. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 patients with musculoskeletal disorders who visited the dystrophy association of Bou-Ali Hospital (Tehran) from June 2014 to June 2016. Patients’ data were extracted using a checklist that included age, gender, age of onset, family history, findings from clinical diagnostic tests and types of muscular dystrophy. The clinical findings were the results of genetic tests; EMG-NCV; para-clinical findings, including LDH and CPK; and pathological findings. All data were analyzed by SPSS V.22 (IBM Inc., NY) with Chi Square and One way ANOVA tests. All analyses were performed with P = 0.05 considered as the threshold of statistical significant. Out of the 337 patients studied, 262 (77.7%) were male and 75 (22.3%) were female. Subjects had a mean (± SD) age of 26.08 (± 11.86) years with an age range of 3 to 59 years. The most common types of muscular dystrophy were found to be Duchenne dystrophy (131 cases, 38.9%), limb-girdle dystrophy (91 cases, 27%), Becker dystrophy (58 cases, 17.2%), FSHD dystrophy (31 cases, 9.2%), and SMA (26 cases, 7.7%), respectively. The results showed that a statistically significant relationship between dystrophy types and gender, age, family history, age of diagnosis, CPK and LDH levels (P < 0.001). There were no statistical relationship between dystrophy types and pathological findings (P = 0.57), EMG-NCV test results (P = 0.062), and genetic findings (P = 0.06). Since muscular dystrophies often appear during the first decade of life, any information in regard to their prevalence can contribute to better planning and provisioning of required services, as well as better treatment or control of the condition. The results also showed that genetic tests, para-clinical tests, pathology analysis, and EMG-NCV tests can serve as good diagnostic tools for different varieties of dystrophy. Thus, facilitation of these diagnostic tests, particularly the genetic tests, can lead to a faster and more accurate diagnosis of dystrophy, especially in people with a family history of the disease.

scholarly journals Clinlcopathological Study of Ovarian Cancer: A Multi Centered Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Farzana Deeba ◽  
ABM Muksudul Alam ◽  
Jesmin Banu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mucinous Cyst

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to find out clinic-demographic and histopathological variants of ovarian cancer. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at four largest tertiary care Hospitals in Dhaka city from January 2008 to December 2009. Clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed ovarian cancer patients were included in this study. Result: Histopathological confirmed 28 patients of ovarian cancer were enrolled in this study. The mean age (±SD) was 40.6 (±12.5) years (Range 13 to 63 years). Lower abdominal lump (71.4%) was the most common symptoms. Family history (14.0%) and multiparty (53.0%) were also associated with ovarian cancer. Among 28 malignant tumors cases serious cyst adenocarcinoma (57.1%) was the most common followed by mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma (17.9%), dysgerminoma (7.1%), adenocarcinoma of ovary (7.1%), ovarian choriocarcinoma (3.6%) and endometriod adeno carcinoma (3.6%). High serum CA125 was found in 78.0% cases. Conclusion: Lower abdominal lump, multiparity and positive family history are the common clinical findings of ovarian cancer. Both serous and mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma are the common varient of ovarian cancer found in this study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i1.16196 J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(1):3-6

Epilepsy Syndromes in Childhood

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Staedtke ◽  
Eric H. Kossoff
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Seizure Type ◽  
Pediatric Epilepsy

Epilepsy syndromes of childhood are a heterogeneous group of disorders that occur at specific neurodevelopmental stages, with a variable prognosis ranging from benign to catastrophic. In clinical practice they are categorized based on seizure type, age of onset, clinical presentation, electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, as well as response to treatment. In addition, recent advancements in neuroimaging and genetic testing have become important diagnostic tools revealing underlying defects for some of these syndromes. This knowledge has consequences for clinical practice, as it opens new perspectives for early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of the most common pediatric epilepsy syndromes, their clinical findings, associated EEG findings, and clinical management.

scholarly journals Elderly Onset of Weakness in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Dominic B. Fee
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Family History ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscle Biopsy ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Elderly Onset ◽  
Phenotypic Features

A 77-year-old male is presented. He had onset of proximal weakness 10 years earlier. His course was slowly progressive. Despite having phenotypic features of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSH), genetic testing for this was delayed because of his age of onset, lack of family history, and benign appearing muscle biopsy. This case is one of the oldest onset of weakness in genetically confirmed FSH and highlights the recognized expansion in phenotype that has occurred since the advent of genetic testing.

scholarly journals DENGUE CASES REPORTED DURING 2015-17 IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Abdul Wali Khan ◽  
Shahid Hanif ◽  
Shagufta Zafar Qureshi ◽  
Zakir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Monsoon

Background: Dengue has emerged as a vector-borne disease with an increase in number of cases with multiple outbreaks throughout Pakistan and hospitalization each passing year, thus stretching available health resources in Pakistan. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 233 dengue fever indoor cases. Complete clinical findings were recorded followed by laboratory and other diagnostic tests. Results: Most of the cases were admitted from peri-urban areas of Islamabad with symptoms of fever. Seasonal patterns of typical post-monsoon and clusters of cases from low socio-economic backgrounds from areas of Bhara Kau, Bari-Imam, Sohan and G6 and G-7 sectors were found. Platelets and WBCs counts were found on the lower side of the normal values. IgM and IgG and NS1 tests were performed. Affected age group) was young (20-40 years) and male gender being more exposed to vector. Conclusion: Dengue has emerged in the poor peri-urban areas of Islamabad typically in post-monsoon seasons reaching peak during the months of September , gradually declining and waning off in the month of December. A combination of clinical symptoms and diagnostic tests IgM, IgG and NS1 could greatly help in early diagnosis and treatment of cases thus minimizing compilations and mortality.

scholarly journals A simple qualitative scale for diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux: high correlations with pH measurements and disease severity. The usefulness of the Warsaw Scale in LPR diagnostics compared to other diagnostic tools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wlodarczyk ◽  
A. Domeracka-Kolodziej ◽  
B. Miaskiewicz ◽  
H. Skarzynski ◽  
P. H. Skarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Abstract Purpose Diagnosis and monitoring of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a constant challenge in otolaryngological practice, chiefly because there are no specific symptoms characteristic of the disease. In this paper, we present the validation of a simple, 6-level qualitative scale to gauge the clinical findings of LPR. It has been previously published in Polish as the Warsaw Scale. Methods In the study, we enrolled 100 patients with voice problems who had registered in our clinic, and we performed an extended battery of diagnostic tests for LPR, together with 24-h pH monitoring. Results The Warsaw Scale significantly outperformed other instruments in both predicting LPR status and correlating with pH measurements. Moreover, the rating provided by the scale showed a strong association with patient-reported symptoms. Conclusion The data indicate that the Warsaw Scale could be used as an affordable, consistent, and effective diagnostic and monitoring tool for LPR.

Improving diagnosis of acute appendicitis with atypical findings by Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scan

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shung-Shung ◽  
S. Yu-Chien ◽  
Y. Mei-Due ◽  
W. Hwei-Chung ◽  
A. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Positive Rate

Summary Aim: Even with careful observation, the overall false-positive rate of laparotomy remains 10-15% when acute appendicitis was suspected. Therefore, the clinical efficacy of Tc-99m HMPAO labeled leukocyte (TC-WBC) scan for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients presenting with atypical clinical findings is assessed. Patients and Methods: Eighty patients presenting with acute abdominal pain and possible acute appendicitis but atypical findings were included in this study. After intravenous injection of TC-WBC, serial anterior abdominal/pelvic images at 30, 60, 120 and 240 min with 800k counts were obtained with a gamma camera. Any abnormal localization of radioactivity in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, equal to or greater than bone marrow activity, was considered as a positive scan. Results: 36 out of 49 patients showing positive TC-WBC scans received appendectomy. They all proved to have positive pathological findings. Five positive TC-WBC were not related to acute appendicitis, because of other pathological lesions. Eight patients were not operated and clinical follow-up after one month revealed no acute abdominal condition. Three of 31 patients with negative TC-WBC scans received appendectomy. They also presented positive pathological findings. The remaining 28 patients did not receive operations and revealed no evidence of appendicitis after at least one month of follow-up. The overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values for TC-WBC scan to diagnose acute appendicitis were 92, 78, 86, 82, and 90%, respectively. Conclusion: TC-WBC scan provides a rapid and highly accurate method for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients with equivocal clinical examination. It proved useful in reducing the false-positive rate of laparotomy and shortens the time necessary for clinical observation.

Nurse’s knowledge and Awareness Regarding Cervical Cancer and its Prevention in Different Hospitals of Quetta, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-441
Author(s):  
Saba Haider ◽  
Noman Ul Haq ◽  
Sohail Riaz ◽  
Aqeel Nasim ◽  
Muhammad Saood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Current Area ◽  
One Year

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention among nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta, Pakistan. Methodology: The cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted by using structured questionnaire in different hospitals of Quetta from January to September 2016. Convenient sampling technique was applied by targeting all the nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta city. Study questionnaire was developed and tested for validity and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis tests, p<0.05) were used to assess the significance among study variables and were performed by using IBM SPSS v.20. Results: Out of 415 distributed questionnaires 324 were returned (response rate of 78%). The mean Age of respondents was 28.18 ±9.5 years. Majority (n=127, 43.3%) of participants were interns and had no or less than one year of experience (n=128, 43.7%) with negative family history of any cancer (n=275, 93.9%). Mean knowledge score was 18.52±4.84with majority (n=258, 88.1%) had adequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer. Respondent sage, current area of practice, qualification, Institute of degree and past family history were contributing factors (p > 0.05) in adequate knowledge in this study. The results also reviled that not only 68.3% (n=200) and 65.5% (n=192) respondents knew that cervical cancer is vaccine preventable and availability of the vaccine for it. Conclusions: Nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta city had better understanding of the disease cervical cancer and its prevention. Yet many of the respondent are not aware of it vaccine and its availability.

Evaluación Cognitiva Montreal y consumo de alcohol: Un diagnóstico descriptivo del deterioro cognitivo en estudiantes universitarios de Durango, México

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Karla Liliana Pérez-Sosa ◽  
Edgar Felipe Lares-Bayona
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Study ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Relationship

Alcohol is a toxic substance associated with acute and chronic disorders affecting the Central Nervous System and significantly altering brain function. Objective: To determine the relationship between cognitive impairment and alcohol consumption in university students of the Juárez University of the State of Durango. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative, non-probabilistic study, for convenience. A database was designed on the results obtained in a clinical interview on alcohol consumption and the application of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Contribution: The evaluation of cognitive functions show similar results, the male sex presented a better score in Attention and the female one in Orientation. More involvement was identified in the Deferred Memory functions in both groups. In relation to alcohol consumption, the cognitive functions evaluated show lower levels. The female gender was more evident cognitive impairment in relation to alcohol consumption being statistically significant (p <0.025). Alcohol consumption is a risky behavior that deserves to be recognized by the main actors about neurocognitive effects. Alcohol consumption prevention programs and cognitive diagnostic tools are appropriate strategies to reduce risk behaviors in mental health.

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