scholarly journals High temperature requirement A1 and fibronectin: two possible players in placental tissue remodelling

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tossetta ◽  
C. Avellini ◽  
C. Licini ◽  
S.R. Giannubilo ◽  
M. Castellucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Development And Differentiation ◽  
Growth Zones

High temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) is a secreted protease involved in placental development. Fibronectin (FN) is involved in important process such as wound healing, cell adhesion and spreading, growth, migration, and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to analyse the expression patterns of HtrA1 in relationship to FN and to the key growth zones of placenta such as mesenchymal villi as well as cell islands and cell columns. We demonstrated that FN and HtrA1 are localized in the placental key growth zones suggesting a pivotal role in maintaining the balance among the molecules involved in the placental development and differentiation.

scholarly journals Identification and cloning of two isoforms of human high-temperature requirement factor A3 (HtrA3), characterization of its genomic structure and comparison of its tissue distribution with HtrA1 and HtrA2

2003 ◽  
Vol 371 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-Ying NIE ◽  
Anne HAMPTON ◽  
Ying LI ◽  
Jock K. FINDLAY ◽  
Lois A. SALAMONSEN
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pdz Domain ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Long Form

In the present study, we identified an additional member of the human high-temperature requirement factor A (HtrA) protein family, called pregnancy-related serine protease or HtrA3, which was most highly expressed in the heart and placenta. We cloned the full-length sequences of two forms (long and short) of human HtrA3 mRNA, located the gene on chromosome 4p16.1, determined its genomic structure and revealed how the two mRNA variants are produced through alternative splicing. The alternative splicing was also verified by Northern blotting. Four distinct domains were found for the long form HtrA3 protein: (i) an insulin/insulin-like growth factor binding domain, (ii) a Kazal-type S protease-inhibitor domain, (iii) a trypsin protease domain and (iv) a PDZ domain. The short form is identical to the long form except it lacks the PDZ domain. Comparison of all members of human HtrA proteins, including their isoforms, suggests that both isoforms of HtrA3 represent active serine proteases, that they may have different substrate specificities and that HtrA3 may have similar functions to HtrA1. All three HtrA family members showed very different mRNA-expression patterns in 76 human tissues, indicating a specific function for each. Interestingly, both HtrA1 and HtrA3 are highly expressed in the placenta. Identification of the tissue-specific function of each HtrA family member is clearly of importance.

scholarly journals Alpha-1-Antitrypsin: A Novel Human High Temperature Requirement Protease A1 (HTRA1) Substrate in Human Placental Tissue

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e109483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violette Frochaux ◽  
Diana Hildebrand ◽  
Anja Talke ◽  
Michael W. Linscheid ◽  
Hartmut Schlüter
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Human Placental Tissue ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

scholarly journals Expression and Localization of the Serine Proteases High-Temperature Requirement Factor A1, Serine Protease 23, and Serine Protease 35 in the Mouse Ovary

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (10) ◽  
pp. 5070-5077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Wahlberg ◽  
Åsa Nylander ◽  
Nina Ahlskog ◽  
Kui Liu ◽  
Tor Ny
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Stroma ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles

Proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix components has been suggested to play an essential role in the occurrence of ovulation. Recent studies in our laboratory have indicated that the plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinase systems, which were previously believed to be crucial for ovulation, are not required in this process. In this study we have used a microarray approach to identify new proteases that are involved in ovulation. We found three serine proteases that were relatively highly expressed during ovulation: high-temperature requirement factor A1 (HtrA1), which was not regulated much during ovulation; serine protease 23 (PRSS23), which was down-regulated by gonadotropins; and serine protease 35 (PRSS35), which was up-regulated by gonadotropins. We have further investigated the expression patterns of these proteases during gonadotropin-induced ovulation in immature mice and in the corpus luteum (CL) of pseudopregnant mice. We found that HtrA1 was highly expressed in granulosa cells throughout follicular development and ovulation, as well as in the forming and regressing CL. PRSS23 was highly expressed in atretic follicles, and it was expressed in the ovarian stroma and theca tissues just before ovulation. PRSS35 was expressed in the theca layers of developing follicles. It was also highly induced in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles. PRSS35 was also expressed in the forming and regressing CL. These data suggest that HtrA1 and PRSS35 may be involved in ovulation and CL formation and regression, and that PRSS23 may play a role in follicular atresia.

scholarly journals Overexpression of the Oral Mucosa-Specific microRNA-31 Promotes Skin Wound Closure

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Alyne Simões ◽  
Zujian Chen ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Xinming Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Keratinocyte Proliferation

Wounds within the oral mucosa are known to heal more rapidly than skin wounds. Recent studies suggest that differences in the microRNAome profiles may underlie the exceptional healing that occurs in oral mucosa. Here, we test whether skin wound-healing can be accelerating by increasing the levels of oral mucosa-specific microRNAs. A panel of 57 differentially expressed high expresser microRNAs were identified based on our previously published miR-seq dataset of paired skin and oral mucosal wound-healing [Sci. Rep. (2019) 9:7160]. These microRNAs were further grouped into 5 clusters based on their expression patterns, and their differential expression was confirmed by TaqMan-based quantification of LCM-captured epithelial cells from the wound edges. Of these 5 clusters, Cluster IV (consisting of 8 microRNAs, including miR-31) is most intriguing due to its tissue-specific expression pattern and temporal changes during wound-healing. The in vitro functional assays show that ectopic transfection of miR-31 consistently enhanced keratinocyte proliferation and migration. In vivo, miR-31 mimic treatment led to a statistically significant acceleration of wound closure. Our results demonstrate that wound-healing can be enhanced in skin through the overexpression of microRNAs that are highly expressed in the privileged healing response of the oral mucosa.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Immunological Regulation in Wound Healing and Skin Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5474
Author(s):  
Shun Kimura ◽  
Takashi Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Skin Equivalents ◽  
Immunological Interactions ◽  
Stress Signals ◽  
Specific Species

In the past decade, a new frontier in scarless wound healing has arisen because of significant advances in the field of wound healing realised by incorporating emerging concepts from mechanobiology and immunology. The complete integumentary organ system (IOS) regeneration and scarless wound healing mechanism, which occurs in specific species, body sites and developmental stages, clearly shows that mechanical stress signals and immune responses play important roles in determining the wound healing mode. Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the production of novel human skin equivalents and organoids that reproduce cell–cell interactions with tissue-scale tensional homeostasis, and enable us to evaluate skin tissue morphology, functionality, drug response and wound healing. This breakthrough in tissue engineering has the potential to accelerate the understanding of wound healing control mechanisms through complex mechanobiological and immunological interactions. In this review, we present an overview of recent studies of biomechanical and immunological wound healing and tissue remodelling mechanisms through comparisons of species- and developmental stage-dependent wound healing mechanisms. We also discuss the possibility of elucidating the control mechanism of wound healing involving mechanobiological and immunological interaction by using next-generation human skin equivalents.

scholarly journals Can biomarkers of extracellular matrix remodelling and wound healing be used to identify high risk patients infected with SARS-CoV-2?: lessons learned from pulmonary fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Leeming ◽  
F. Genovese ◽  
J. M. B. Sand ◽  
D. G. K. Rasmussen ◽  
C. Christiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Tissue Remodelling

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis has been identified as a main factor leading to pulmonary dysfunction and poor quality of life in post-recovery Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) survivor’s consequent to SARS-Cov-2 infection. Thus there is an urgent medical need for identification of readily available biomarkers that in patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection are able to; (1) identify patients in most need of medical care prior to admittance to an intensive care unit (ICU), and; (2) identify patients post-infection at risk of developing persistent fibrosis of lungs with subsequent impaired quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. An intense amount of research have focused on wound healing and Extracellular Matrix (ECM) remodelling of the lungs related to lung function decline in pulmonary fibrosis (PF). A range of non-invasive serological biomarkers, reflecting tissue remodelling, and fibrosis have been shown to predict risk of acute exacerbations, lung function decline and mortality in PF and other interstitial lung diseases (Sand et al. in Respir Res 19:82, 2018). We suggest that lessons learned from such PF studies of the pathological processes leading to lung function decline could be used to better identify patients infected with SARS-Co-V2 at most risk of acute deterioration or persistent fibrotic damage of the lung and could consequently be used to guide treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Co-Transplantation of Skin-Derived Precursors and Collagen Sponge Facilitates Diabetic Wound Healing by Promoting Local Vascular Regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1725-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingyu Ke ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Duo Mao ◽  
Meifeng Zhu ◽  
Yongzhe Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Collagen Sponge ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diabetic Wound ◽  
Paracrine Signalling ◽  
Vascular Regeneration ◽  
Diabetic Wound Healing

Background/Aims: Impaired diabetes wound healing can often lead to serious complications and remains a major health concern due to the lack of effective therapeutic approaches. Compromised angiogenesis, disrupted growth factor and cytokine activity are all attributable to diabetic wound healing impairment. The skin-derived precursors (SKPs) have been shown to differentiate into vascular and nerve cells, both of which are crucial components for wound repair. Given their easy accessibility and multipotency, the SKPs were proposed as an ideal therapeutic candidate for diabetic wound healing. Since the efficacy of cell therapy is limited by poor cell survival, collagen sponge was employed for better SKPs delivery. Methods: SKPs were isolated and transplanted directly to the wound areas of diabetic mice in the absence and presence of collagen sponge. The effects of SKPs and/or collagen sponge on diabetic wound healing were examined histologically as well as immunostaining of isolectin and α-SMA. Mechanisms via which the SKPs facilitate wound healing were then investigated by transplanting SKPs that have been pre-labelled with a fluorescence dye, Dil. Expression patterns of Dil and an SKP marker, nestin, was also examined. Results and Conclusion: Accelerated wound healing and enhanced local capillary regeneration could be observed 14 days after skin ablation from both SKPs and collagen sponge co-transplanted and collagen sponge only groups. Subsequent analyses further revealed superior pro-angiogenic effects from the SKP and collagen sponge co-delivered group, which are mainly attributable to in vivo transdifferentation and paracrine signalling of the SKPs.

scholarly journals The crystal structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis high-temperature requirement A protein reveals an autoregulatory mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Gupta ◽  
Debashree Behera ◽  
Balasubramanian Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Pdz Domain ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Inactive Conformation ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Autoregulatory Mechanism

The crystal structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis high-temperature requirement A (HtrA) protein was determined at 1.83 Å resolution. This membrane-associated protease is essential for the survival of M. tuberculosis. The crystal structure reveals that interactions between the PDZ domain and the catalytic domain in HtrA lead to an inactive conformation. This finding is consistent with its proposed role as a regulatory protease that is conditionally activated upon appropriate environmental triggers. The structure provides a basis for directed studies to evaluate the role of this essential protein and the regulatory pathways that are influenced by this protease.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Requirement A1 (Htra1) - A Novel Regulator of Canonical Wnt Signaling

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriane Globus ◽  
Tamar Evron ◽  
Michal Caspi ◽  
Ronen Siman-Tov ◽  
Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Canonical Wnt Signaling ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Canonical Wnt
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