scholarly journals Intracranial capillary hemangioma mimicking a dissociative disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh G. John ◽  
Unnikrishnan Pillai ◽  
Alexander Lacasse
Keyword(s):  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Capillary Hemangioma ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Dissociative Disorder ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Total Excision ◽  
Syndrome Patient ◽  
Behavioral Abnormalities ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Capillary hemangiomas, hamartomatous proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, are rare in the central nervous system (CNS). Intracranial capillary hemangiomas presenting with reversible behavioral abnormalities and focal neurological deficits have rarely been reported. We report a case of CNS capillary hemangioma presenting with transient focal neurological deficits and behavioral abnormalities mimicking Ganser’s syndrome. Patient underwent total excision of the vascular malformation, resulting in complete resolution of his symptoms.

scholarly journals A Case of Lobular Capillary Hemangioma at the False Vocal Cord With Intermittent Stridor

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-152
Author(s):  
Sang-Wook Park ◽  
Ki Ju Cho ◽  
Seongjun Won ◽  
Jung Je Park
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Capillary Hemangioma ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Lobular Capillary Hemangioma ◽  
False Vocal

Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a type of benign vascular tumor. It arises from vascular endothelial cells and contains capillaries arranged in a lobular pattern. In the head and neck, the most common presenting location of LCH is the lips, and presentation in the larynx is very rare. LCH might not be distinct from granuloma in macroscopic views. We report a 71-year-old female with LCH of the larynx that was totally resected via laryngeal microsurgery with a CO2 laser and briefly review the literature.

scholarly journals Transcriptional and epigenomic landscapes of CNS and non-CNS vascular endothelial cells

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark F Sabbagh ◽  
Jacob S Heng ◽  
Chongyuan Luo ◽  
Rosa G Castanon ◽  
Joseph R Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tf Gene ◽  
Canonical Wnt ◽  
Tip Cells

Vascular endothelial cell (EC) function depends on appropriate organ-specific molecular and cellular specializations. To explore genomic mechanisms that control this specialization, we have analyzed and compared the transcriptome, accessible chromatin, and DNA methylome landscapes from mouse brain, liver, lung, and kidney ECs. Analysis of transcription factor (TF) gene expression and TF motifs at candidate cis-regulatory elements reveals both shared and organ-specific EC regulatory networks. In the embryo, only those ECs that are adjacent to or within the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit canonical Wnt signaling, which correlates precisely with blood-brain barrier (BBB) differentiation and Zic3 expression. In the early postnatal brain, single-cell RNA-seq of purified ECs reveals (1) close relationships between veins and mitotic cells and between arteries and tip cells, (2) a division of capillary ECs into vein-like and artery-like classes, and (3) new endothelial subtype markers, including new validated tip cell markers.

scholarly journals A mouse model for kinesin family member 11 (Kif11)-associated familial exudative vitreoretinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1121-1131
Author(s):  
Yanshu Wang ◽  
Philip M Smallwood ◽  
John Williams ◽  
Jeremy Nathans
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Principal Finding ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spindle Function

Abstract During mitosis, Kif11, a kinesin motor protein, promotes bipolar spindle formation and chromosome movement, and during interphase, Kif11 mediates diverse trafficking processes in the cytoplasm. In humans, inactivating mutations in KIF11 are associated with (1) retinal hypovascularization with or without microcephaly and (2) multi-organ syndromes characterized by variable combinations of lymphedema, chorioretinal dysplasia, microcephaly and/or mental retardation. To explore the pathogenic basis of KIF11-associated retinal vascular disease, we generated a Kif11 conditional knockout (CKO) mouse and investigated the consequences of early postnatal inactivation of Kif11 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). The principal finding is that postnatal EC-specific loss of Kif11 leads to severely stunted growth of the retinal vasculature, mildly stunted growth of the cerebellar vasculature and little or no effect on the vasculature elsewhere in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, in mice, Kif11 function in early postnatal CNS ECs is most significant in the two CNS regions—the retina and cerebellum—that exhibit the most rapid rate of postnatal growth, which may sensitize ECs to impaired mitotic spindle function. Several lines of evidence indicate that these phenotypes are not caused by reduced beta-catenin signaling in ECs, despite the close resemblance of the Kif11 CKO phenotype to that caused by EC-specific reductions in beta-catenin signaling. Based on prior work, defective beta-catenin signaling had been the only known mechanism responsible for monogenic human disorders of retinal hypovascularization. The present study implies that retinal hypovascularization can arise from a second and mechanistically distinct cause.

Interactions and fates of avian craniofacial mesenchyme

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 103 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 121-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew M. Noden
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Paraxial Mesoderm ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lateral Mesoderm

Craniofacial mesenchyme is composed of three mesodermal populations – prechordal plate, lateral mesoderm and paraxial mesoderm, which includes the segmented occipital somites and the incompletely segmented somitomeres – and the neural crest. This paper outlines the fates of each of these, as determined using quail–chick chimaeras, and presents similarities and differences between these cephalic populations and their counterparts in the trunk. Prechordal and paraxial mesodermal populations are the sources of all voluntary muscles of the head. The latter also provides most of the connective precursors of the calvaria, occipital, otic–parietal and basisphenoid tissues. Lateral mesoderm is the source of peripharyngeal connective tissues; the most rostral skeletal tissues it forms are the laryngeal and tracheal cartilages. When migrating neural crest cells encounter segmented paraxial mesoderm (occipital and trunk somites), most move into the region between the dermamyotome and sclerotome in the cranial half of each somite. In contrast, most cephalic crest cells migrate superficial to somitomeres. There is, however, a small subpopulation of the head crest that invades somitomeric mesoderm. These cells subsequently segregate presumptive myogenic precursors of visceral arch voluntary muscles from underlying mesenchyme. In the neurula-stage avian embryo, all paraxial and lateral mesodermal populations contain precursors of vascular endothelial cells, which can be detected in chimaeric embryos using anti-quail endothelial antibodies. Some of these angioblasts differentiate in situ, contributing directly to pre-existing vessels or forming isolated, nonpatent, cords that subsequently vesiculate and fuse with nearby vessels. Many angioblasts migrate in all directions, invading embryonic mesenchymal and epithelial tissues and participating in new blood vessel formation in distant sites. The interactions leading to proper spatial patterning of craniofacial skeletal, muscular, vascular and peripheral neural tissues has been studied by performing heterotopic transplants of each of these mesodermal and neural crest populations. The results consistently indicate that connective tissue precursors, regardless of their origin, contain spatial information used by the precursors of muscles and blood vessels and by outgrowing peripheral nerves. Some of these connective tissue precursors (e.g. the neural crest, paraxial mesoderm) acquire their spatial programming while in association with the central nervous system or developing sensory epithelia (e.g. otic, optic, nasal epithelia).

scholarly journals Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan Matrix Implantation Promotes Angiogenesis following Surgical Brain Trauma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Feng Huang ◽  
Wei-Cherng Hsu ◽  
Jong-Kai Hsiao ◽  
Gunng-Shinng Chen ◽  
Jia-Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Angiogenic Growth Factors ◽  
Surgical Brain Injury

Surgical brain injury (SBI) is unavoidable during many neurosurgical procedures intrinsically linked to postoperative neurological deficits. We have previously demonstrated that implantation of collagen glycosaminoglycan (CG) following surgical brain injury could significantly promote functional recovery and neurogenesis. In this study we further hypothesized that this scaffold may provide a microenvironment by promoting angiogenesis to favor neurogenesis and subsequent functional recovery. Using the rodent model of surgical brain injury as we previously established, we divided Sprague-Dawley male rats (weighting 300–350 g) into three groups: (1) sham (2) surgical injury with a lesion (L), and (3) L with CG matrix implantation (L + CG). Our results demonstrated that L + CG group showed a statistically significant increase in the density of vascular endothelial cells and blood vessels over time. In addition, tissue concentrations of angiogenic growth factors (such as VEGF, FGF2, and PDGF) significantly increased in L + CG group. These results suggest that implantation of a CG scaffold can promote vascularization accompanied by neurogenesis. This opens prospects for use of CG scaffolds in conditions such as brain injury including trauma and ischemia.

The Endothelial Cell and the Factor VIII Bypassing Activity of Prothrombin Complex Concentrate

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome M Teitel ◽  
Hong-Yu Ni ◽  
John J Freedman ◽  
M Bernadette Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Monolayer Cultures ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
Privileged Site

SummarySome classical hemophiliacs have a paradoxical hemostatic response to prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). We hypothesized that vascular endothelial cells (EC) may contribute to this “factor VIII bypassing activity”. When PCC were incubated with suspensions or monolayer cultures of EC, they acquired the ability to partially bypass the defect of factor VIII deficient plasma. This factor VIII bypassing activity distributed with EC and not with the supernatant PCC, and was not a general property of intravascular cells. The effect of PCC was even more dramatic on fixed EC monolayers, which became procoagulant after incubation with PCC. The time courses of association and dissociation of the PCC-derived factor VIII bypassing activity of fixed and viable EC monolayers were both rapid. We conclude that EC may provide a privileged site for sequestration of constituents of PCC which express coagulant activity and which bypass the abnormality of factor VIII deficient plasma.

Alterations in Vascular Endothelial Cell-related Plasma Proteins In Thalassaemic Patients and their Correlation with Clinical Symptoms

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (04) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Butthep ◽  
A Bunyaratvej ◽  
Y Funahara ◽  
H Kitaguchi ◽  
S Fucharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Leg Ulcers

SummaryAn increased level of plasma thrombomodulin (TM) in α- and β- thalassaemia was demonstrated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Nonsplenectomized patients with β-thalassaemia/ haemoglobin E (BE) had higher levels of TM than splenectomized cases (BE-S). Patients with leg ulcers (BE-LU) were found to have the highest increase in TM level. Appearance of larger platelets in all types of thalassaemic blood was observed indicating an increase in the number of younger platelets. These data indicate that injury of vascular endothelial cells is present in thalassaemic patients.

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