scholarly journals Multi-drug resistance in early and late onset neonatal sepsis in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lateefat O. Sa’adu ◽  
Tope O. Obasa ◽  
Aishat O. Saka ◽  
Mohammed J. Saka ◽  
Charles Nwabuisi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs of infection, and accompanied by bacteremia in the first month of life and is responsible for 30-50% of total neonatal deaths, each year in developing countries. This study investigated multi-drug resistant organisms associated with early and late onset neonatal sepsis in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH). It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. One hundred and sixty-two blood samples from neonates admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit of UITH with clinical diagnosis of sepsis were obtained. One milliliter of blood was taken per neonate and cultured aerobically in brain heart infusion broth and sub cultured onto blood and MacConkey agar plates. Identification of the isolates was carried out by colonial morphology, Gram stain microscopy and several biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer method, screening for methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was done by the cefoxiin- based methods and double disc synergy test respectively. Data analysis was carried out using Microsoft excel version 2007 and Epi-info version 2012. Sepsis was confirmed bacteriologically in 22.2% of the samples. The prevalence of multidrug resistant isolate was 29.0%. The prevalence of MRSA was found to be 37% while that of ESBL producing Enterobacteria was 44.4% with ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli prevalence of 50% and 25% respectively. This study shows a high prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli causing neonatal sepsis in UITH Ilorin.

scholarly journals Incidence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Community- and Hospital-Associated Intra-Abdominal Infections in Europe: Results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 3043-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Hawser ◽  
Samuel K. Bouchillon ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
Robert E. Badal ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Abdominal Infections

ABSTRACT From 2002 to 2008, there was a significant increase in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Escherichia coli isolates in European intra-abdominal infections, from 4.3% in 2002 to 11.8% in 2008 (P < 0.001), but not for ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (16.4% to 17.9% [P > 0.05]). Hospital-associated isolates were more common than community-associated isolates, at 14.0% versus 6.5%, respectively, for E. coli (P < 0.001) and 20.9% versus 5.3%, respectively, for K. pneumoniae (P < 0.01). Carbapenems were consistently the most active drugs tested.

scholarly journals Colonisation with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in children admitted to a paediatric referral hospital in South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241776
Author(s):  
Babatunde O. Ogunbosi ◽  
Clinton Moodley ◽  
Preneshni Naicker ◽  
James Nuttall ◽  
Colleen Bamford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Introduction There are few studies describing colonisation with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Colonisation often precedes infection and multi-drug-resistant Enterobacterales are important causes of invasive infection. Methods In this prospective cross-sectional study, conducted between April and June 2017, 200 children in a tertiary academic hospital were screened by rectal swab for EBSL-PE and CRE. The resistance-conferring genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction technology. Risk factors for colonisation were also evaluated. Results Overall, 48% (96/200) of the children were colonised with at least one ESBL-PE, 8.3% (8/96) of these with 2 ESBL-PE, and one other child was colonised with a CRE (0.5% (1/200)). Common colonising ESBL-PE were Klebsiella pneumoniae (62.5%, 65/104) and Escherichia coli (34.6%, 36/104). The most frequent ESBL-conferring gene was blaCTX-M in 95% (76/80) of the isolates. No resistance- conferring gene was identified in the CRE isolate (Enterobacter cloacae). Most of the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam (86.2%) and amikacin (63.9%). Similarly, 94.4% and 97.2% of the Escherichia coli isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin, respectively. Hospitalisation for more than 7 days before study enrolment was associated with ESBL-PE colonisation. Conclusion Approximately half of the hospitalised children in this study were colonised with ESBL-PE. This highlights the need for improved infection prevention and control practices to limit the dissemination of these microorganisms.

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