Tunability, Frequency and Temperature Behavior of Cofired LTCC-Integrated Barium-Strontium-Titanate up to 8 GHz
A new approach towards embedding barium-strontium-titanate (BST) patches into a commercial low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) is described, using a tape transfer technique. Pressure-assisted sintering is successfully employed to achieve flat multi-layer multi-material modules without internal cracks or delaminations. Beside the description of the processing technology, the paper presents also a specific procedure of determining the microwave properties of embedded thick BST films, which is based on using the experimental evaluation of a shunt capacitor. The permittivity of the embedded BST determined at room temperature is about 214 and remains constant at least from 100 MHz up to 8 GHz. In addition, the effects of temperature and bias voltages on the microwave properties of LTCC BST were studied systematically from 1 MHz up to 8 GHz. We observed a tuning of the permittivity by about −49 %, either by raising the temperature from 21°C to 125°C, or by applying a bias electrical field of up to 10 V/μm. Additionally, breakdown voltages were investigated. The embedded BST withstands field strengths of more than 20 V/μm under laboratory conditions.