The Evolution of LED Packaging: New Approaches for Solid State Lighting

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (DPC) ◽  
pp. 000738-000755
Author(s):  
Robert F. Karlicek
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Solid State Lighting ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
Practical Reality

The rapid evolution of solid state lighting is driving rapid and innovative approaches to LED packaging. While the bulk of LEDs are still packaged using decades old technology, the cost and performance needs of solid state lighting are forcing the development of new light emitter packaging technology, some of it being imported from more conventional electronic packaging. Concepts like wafer level packaging, chip on flex technology and SIP technology are infiltrating the LED packaging landscape, but with innovations developing from the need to simultaneously manage input power, thermal dissipation and light extraction for energy efficient lighting. Lighting cost constraints are also driving new requirements for higher packaging speeds and LED integration directly into lighting fixtures rather than through the conventional die-to-package-to-board-to-system sequence. Finally, lighting system performance specifications like intensity, color quality, glare, and beam pattern, all dependent on how light moves from inside the die to the user, are forcing new system level requirements into the LED packaging arena. This talk will discuss how the development and evolution of solid state lighting systems are working to drive innovation and evolution in the development of LED packaging materials, structures and methods. With the need for energy efficient lighting driving a rapid transition from bulbs and tubes to solid state devices, LED packaging is poised for a revolution where the conventional roles of semiconductor packaging are redefined in new and exciting ways that are needed to make solid state lighting a practical reality.

Solid-State Lighting: An Approach to Energy-Efficient Illumination

2016 ◽  
pp. 693-751
Author(s):  
Mariano Perálvarez ◽  
Jorge Higuera ◽  
Wim Hertog ◽  
Óscar Motto ◽  
Josep Carreras
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Solid State Lighting

scholarly journals Solid State Lighting Life Prediction Using Extended Kalman Filter

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Lall ◽  
Junchao Wei ◽  
Lynn Davis
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Solid State ◽  
State Space ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Solid State Lighting ◽  
System Level ◽  
System State

Solid-state lighting (SSL) luminaires containing light emitting diodes (LEDs) have the potential of seeing excessive temperatures when being transported across country or being stored in non-climate controlled warehouses. They are also being used in outdoor applications in desert environments that see little or no humidity but will experience extremely high temperatures during the day. This makes it important to increase our understanding of what effects high temperature exposure for a prolonged period of time will have on the usability and survivability of these devices. The U.S. Department of Energy has made a long term commitment to advance the efficiency, understanding and development of solid-state lighting (SSL) and is making a strong push for the acceptance and use of SSL products to reduce overall energy consumption attributable to lighting. Traditional light sources “burn out” at end-of-life. For an incandescent bulb, the lamp life is defined by B50 life. However, the LEDs have no filament to “burn”. The LEDs continually degrade and the light output decreases eventually below useful levels causing failure. Presently, the methods described in IES TM-21 are used to predict the L70 life of white LEDs from LM-80 test data. Several failure mechanisms may be active in a LED at a single time causing lumen depreciation. The underlying TM-21 Arrhenius Model may not capture the failure physics in presence of multiple failure mechanisms. Correlation of lumen maintenance with underlying physics of degradation at system-level is needed. In this paper, a Kalman Filter and Extended Kalman Filters (EKF) have been used to develop a 70% Lumen Maintenance Life Prediction Model for LEDs used in SSL luminaires. This model can be used to calculate acceleration factors, evaluate failure-probability and identify ALT methodologies for reducing test time. Nine-thousand hour LM-80 test data for various LEDs have been used for model development. System state has been described in state space form using the measurement of the feature vector, velocity of the feature vector change and the acceleration of the feature vector change. System state at each future time has been computed based on the state space at preceding time step, system dynamics matrix, control vector, control matrix, measurement matrix, measured vector, process noise and measurement noise. The future state of the lumen depreciation has been estimated based on a second order Kalman Filter model and a Bayesian Framework. The measured state variable has been related to the underlying damage using physics-based models. Life prediction of L70 life for the LEDs used in SSL luminaires from KF and EKF based models have been compared with the TM-21 model predictions and experimental data.

Phosphorescent White OLEDs for Solid-state Lighting

2009 ◽  
Vol 1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Xia ◽  
Peter Levermore ◽  
Vadim Adamovich ◽  
Chun Lin ◽  
Raymond C. Kwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solid State Lighting ◽  
Energy Star ◽  
Lighting Industry ◽  
Partial Energy ◽  
White Oleds ◽  
Color Rendering

AbstractWhite OLEDs (WOLEDTMs) fabricated using energy efficient phosphorescent OLED (PHOLEDTM) technology open up exciting new ways to develop efficient white lighting. WOLEDs have the potential to transform the lighting industry. In this presentation, phosphorescent WOLEDs with high conductivity transport layers will be discussed. White light can be generated by partial energy transfer from blue to green and red. Single WOLED stacks are demonstrated that match the Energy Star® lighting color criteria for 2700K and 3000K with high efficiency (˜80 lm/W) and high color rendering indices (˜80). Both devices had operational lifetimes (LT70%) over 30,000 hours measured from an initial luminance of 1,000 cd/m2. Different techniques to improve optical outcoupling will also be discussed.

scholarly journals Towards a System Level Reliability Approach for Solid State Lighting

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem D. van DRIEL ◽  
Francis EVERTZ ◽  
G.Q. (Kouchi) ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Lighting ◽  
System Level

Wafer-Level Light Emitting Diode (WL-LED) Chip Simplified Package for Very-High Power Solid-State Lighting (SSL) Source

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibin Zhang ◽  
Jianwei Xu ◽  
Mingdi Ding ◽  
Desheng Zhao ◽  
Hongjuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Power ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Solid State Lighting ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Very High
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