scholarly journals Preclinical Studies on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Growth Plate Cartilage Injury Repair

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Chung ◽  
Bruce K. Foster ◽  
Cory J. Xian
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Growth Plate Cartilage ◽  
Large Animal Models ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

In the last two decades, there has been a strong interest in searching for biological treatments for regeneration of injured growth plate cartilage and prevention of its bony repair. Various means have been tried, including implantation of chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), together with exogenous growth factor and scaffolds, and gene therapy. However, with the lack of success with chondrocytes, more research has focussed on MSC-based treatments. In addition to circumvent limitations with MSC-based treatments (including cell harvest-associated morbidity, difficulties/time/cost involved in MSC isolation andex vivoexpansion, and potential disease transmission), mobilising endogenous MSCs to the growth plate injury site and enhancingin situregeneration mechanisms would represent an alternative attractive approach. Further studies are required to investigate the potential particularly in large animal models or clinical setting of theex vivoMSC approach and the feasibility of the endogenous MSCin situapproach in growth plate regeneration.

Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for nonhealing wounds: today and tomorrow

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meirong Li ◽  
Yali Zhao ◽  
Haojie Hao ◽  
Weidong Han ◽  
Xiaobing Fu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

scholarly journals Uptake and Distribution of Administered Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles in Retina

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Biji Mathew ◽  
Leianne A. Torres ◽  
Lorea Gamboa Gamboa Acha ◽  
Sophie Tran ◽  
Alice Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Paracrine Effects

Cell replacement therapy using mesenchymal (MSC) and other stem cells has been evaluated for diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. This approach has significant limitations, including few cells integrated, aberrant growth, and surgical complications. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes/Extracellular Vesicles (MSC EVs), which include exosomes and microvesicles, are an emerging alternative, promoting immunomodulation, repair, and regeneration by mediating MSC’s paracrine effects. For the clinical translation of EV therapy, it is important to determine the cellular destination and time course of EV uptake in the retina following administration. Here, we tested the cellular fate of EVs using in vivo rat retinas, ex vivo retinal explant, and primary retinal cells. Intravitreally administered fluorescent EVs were rapidly cleared from the vitreous. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) had maximal EV fluorescence at 14 days post administration, and microglia at 7 days. Both in vivo and in the explant model, most EVs were no deeper than the inner nuclear layer. Retinal astrocytes, microglia, and mixed neurons in vitro endocytosed EVs in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, our results indicate that intravitreal EVs are suited for the treatment of retinal diseases affecting the inner retina. Modification of the EV surface should be considered for maintaining EVs in the vitreous for prolonged delivery.

scholarly journals Application of Autologous Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to an Ovine Model of Growth Plate Cartilage Injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa C McCarty ◽  
Cory J Xian ◽  
Stan Gronthos ◽  
Andrew C.W Zannettino ◽  
Bruce K Foster
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Bone Bridge ◽  
Bridge Formation ◽  
Growth Plate Cartilage ◽  
Autologous Bone

Injury to growth plate cartilage in children can lead to bone bridge formation and result in bone growth deformities, a significant clinical problem currently lacking biological treatment. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) offer a promising therapeutic option for regeneration of damaged cartilage, due to their self renewing and multi-lineage differentiation attributes. Although some small animal model studies highlight the therapeutic potential of MSC for growth plate repair, translational research in large animal models, which more closely resemble the human condition, are lacking. Our laboratory has recently characterised MSCs derived from ovine bone marrow, and demonstrated these cells form cartilage-like tissue when transplanted within the gelatin sponge, Gelfoam,in vivo. In the current study, autologous bone marrow MSC were seeded into Gelfoam scaffold containing TGF-β1, and transplanted into a surgically created defect of the proximal ovine tibial growth plate. Examination of implants at 5 week post-operatively revealed transplanted autologous MSC failed to form new cartilage structure at the defect site, but contributed to an increase in formation of a dense fibrous tissue. Importantly, the extent of osteogenesis was diminished, and bone bridge formation was not accelerated due to transplantation of MSCs or the gelatin scaffold. The current study represents the first work that has utilised this ovine large animal model to investigate whether autologous bone marrow derived MSC can be used to initiate regeneration at the injured growth plate.

scholarly journals Large Animal Models of Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: A Review of Immune Strategies to Improve Allograft Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham J. Matar ◽  
Rebecca L. Crepeau ◽  
Gerhard S. Mundinger ◽  
Curtis L. Cetrulo ◽  
Radbeh Torabi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Large Animal Models ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
And Function ◽  
Made In

Over the past twenty years, significant technical strides have been made in the area of vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation (VCA). As in solid organ transplantation, the allogeneic immune response remains a significant barrier to long-term VCA survival and function. Strategies to overcome acute and chronic rejection, minimize immunosuppression and prolong VCA survival have important clinical implications. Historically, large animals have provided a valuable model for testing the clinical translatability of immune modulating approaches in transplantation, including tolerance induction, co-stimulation blockade, cellular therapies, and ex vivo perfusion. Recently, significant advancements have been made in these arenas utilizing large animal VCA models. In this comprehensive review, we highlight recent immune strategies undertaken to improve VCA outcomes with a focus on relevant preclinical large animal models.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Mundra ◽  
Ivan C. Gerling ◽  
Ram I. Mahato
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Based Therapy
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