scholarly journals Similarities in Acquired Factors Related to Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonas Sirola ◽  
Heikki Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Frailty Syndrome ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Musculoskeletal Impairments ◽  
Care Costs

Postmenopausal population is at increased risk of musculoskeletal impairments. Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are associated with significant morbidity and social and health-care costs. These two conditions are uniquely linked with similarities in pathophysiology and diagnostic methods. Uniform diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia are still evolving. Postmenopausal sarcopenia and osteoporosis share many environmental risk- and preventive factors. Moreover, geriatric frailty syndrome may result from interaction of osteoporosis and sarcopenia and may lead to increased mortality. The present paper reviews the factors in evolution of postmenopausal sarcopenia and osteoporosis.

Direct Health Care Cost and Work Incapacity Related to Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Switzerland: A Retrospective Analysis from 2008 to 2015

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1559-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Markus Scholz-Odermatt ◽  
François Luthi ◽  
Maria Monika Wertli ◽  
Florian Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
Insurance Costs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Care Costs

Abstract Objective First, to determine the number of accident-related complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) cases from 2008 to 2015 and to identify factors associated with an increased risk for developing CRPS. Second, to analyze the duration of work incapacity and direct health care costs over follow-up periods of two and five years, respectively. Design Retrospective data analysis. Setting Database from the Statistical Service for the Swiss National Accident Insurances covering all accidents insured under the compulsory Swiss Accident Insurance Law. Subjects Subjects were registered after an accident between 2008 and 2015. Methods Cases were retrospectively retrieved from the Statistical Service for the Swiss National Accident Insurances. Cases were identified using the appropriate International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes. Results CRPS accounted for 0.15% of all accident cases. Age, female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47–1.60), and fracture of the forearm (OR = 38, 95% CI = 35–42) were related to an increased risk of developing CRPS. Over five years, one CRPS case accumulated average insurance costs of $86,900 USD and treatment costs of $23,300 USD. Insurance costs were 19 times and treatment costs 13 times the average costs of accidents without CPRS. Within the first two years after the accident, the number of days lost at work was 20 times higher in patients with CRPS (330 ± 7 days) than in patients without CRPS (16.1 ± 0.1 days). Two-thirds of all CRPS cases developed long-term work incapacity of more than 90 days. Conclusion CRPS is a relatively rare condition but is associated with high direct health care costs and work incapacity.

scholarly journals Treatment Considerations and the Role of the Clinical Pharmacist Throughout Transitions of Care for Patients With Acute Heart Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. McNeely
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Transitions Of Care ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Care Costs

Heart failure is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality, resulting in substantial health-care costs. Clinical pharmacists have an opportunity to reduce health-care costs and improve disease management as patients transition from inpatient to outpatient care by leading interventions to develop patient care plans, educate patients and clinicians, prevent adverse drug reactions, reconcile medications, monitor drug levels, and improve medication access and adherence. Through these methods, clinical pharmacists are able to reduce rates of hospitalization, readmission, and mortality. In addition, care by clinical pharmacists can improve dosing levels and adherence to guideline-directed therapies. A greater benefit in patient management occurs when clinical pharmacists collaborate with other members of the health-care team, emphasizing the importance of heart failure treatment by a multidisciplinary health-care team. Education is a key area in which clinical pharmacists can improve care of patients with heart failure and should not be limited to patients. Clinical pharmacists should provide education to all members of the health-care team and introduce them to new therapies that may further improve the management of heart failure. The objective of this review is to detail the numerous opportunities that clinical pharmacists have to improve the management of heart failure and reduce health-care costs as part of a multidisciplinary health-care team.

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