scholarly journals Parkinson's Disease and Systemic Inflammation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina C. Ferrari ◽  
Rodolfo Tarelli
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Peripheral Inflammation ◽  
Peripheral Stimulus ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Immune Challenges ◽  
General Response ◽  
The Brain

Peripheral inflammation triggers exacerbation in the central brain's ongoing damage in several neurodegenerative diseases. Systemic inflammatory stimulus induce a general response known as sickness behaviour, indicating that a peripheral stimulus can induce the synthesis of cytokines in the brain. In Parkinson's disease (PD), inflammation was mainly associated with microglia activation that can underlie the neurodegeneration of neurons in thesubstantia nigra(SN). Peripheral inflammation can transform the “primed” microglia into an “active” state, which can trigger stronger responses dealing with neurodegenerative processes. Numerous evidences show that systemic inflammatory processes exacerbate ongoing neurodegeneration in PD patient and animal models. Anti-inflammatory treatment in PD patients exerts a neuroprotective effect. In the present paper, we analyse the effect of peripheral infections in the etiology and progression in PD patients and animal models, suggesting that these peripheral immune challenges can exacerbate the symptoms in the disease.

scholarly journals Antiparkinsonian Activity of Aqueous Extract of Agaricus Blazei Murill in Rotenone-induced Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Hammad Ahmed ◽  
Tayyaba Mumtaz ◽  
Gahzal Hakani
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Agaricus Blazei ◽  
Rotarod Test ◽  
Animal Brain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Agaricus Blazei Murill

Background: Parkinsons disease is a chronic neurological disorder which may be due to reduction in the dopaminergic neurons in the brain. However, Agaricus blazei is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Aim: In this study, antiparkinsonian activity of Agaricus blazei Murill was evaluated using different animal models. Method: Antiparkinsonian activity was evaluated using two different doses (273 mg/kg and 819 mg/kg) of Agaricus blazei Murill. Rotenone and sunflower oil were used as positive and negative control, respectively. Catalepsy test, rotarod test, exploratory behavior test (rearing) and locomotor activity test were conducted to observe antiparkinsonian activity of the drug in rats. Result: The results of the animal models were confirmed by determining the levels of reduced glutathione, total protein, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide in the animal brain. Pretreatment with Agaricus blazei Murill, showed marked reduction in rotenone-induced catalepsy and a significant increase in exploratory behavior, muscular activity, and locomotor activity in rats. Agaricus blazei Murill has also shown extremely significant effect in decreasing the oxidative stress in the animal brain by increasing the brain levels of reduced GSH and total proteins and decreasing the levels of nitrite and TBARS. Conclusion: The results of rotenone-induced catalepsy, exploratory behavior, rotarod test and locomotor activity showed that Agaricus blazei Murill exerts a significant ameliorative effect on Parkinson’s disease in rats.

scholarly journals Photobiomodulation for Parkinson’s Disease in Animal Models: A Systematic Review

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Salehpour ◽  
Michael R Hamblin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Power Densities ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deep Brain

Photobiomodulation (PBM) might be an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) in human patients. PBM of the brain uses red or near infrared light delivered from a laser or an LED at relatively low power densities, onto the head (or other body parts) to stimulate the brain and prevent degeneration of neurons. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra deep within the brain. PD is a movement disorder that also shows various other symptoms affecting the brain and other organs. Treatment involves dopamine replacement therapy or electrical deep brain stimulation. The present systematic review covers reports describing the use of PBM to treat laboratory animal models of PD, in an attempt to draw conclusions about the best choice of parameters and irradiation techniques. There have already been clinical trials of PBM reported in patients, and more are expected in the coming years. PBM is particularly attractive as it is a non-pharmacological treatment, without any major adverse effects (and very few minor ones).

scholarly journals Peripheral Inflammation Increases the Damage in Animal Models of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration: Possible Implication in Parkinson's Disease Incidence

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Machado ◽  
A. J. Herrera ◽  
J. L. Venero ◽  
M. Santiago ◽  
R. M. De Pablos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Peripheral Inflammation ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Inflammatory processes described in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and its animal models appear to be important in the progression of the pathogenesis, or even a triggering factor. Here we review that peripheral inflammation enhances the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system induced by different insults; different peripheral inflammations have been used, such as IL-1β and the ulcerative colitis model, as well as insults to the dopaminergic system such as 6-hydroxydopamine or lipopolysaccharide. In all cases, an increased loss of dopaminergic neurons was described; inflammation in the substantia nigra increased, displaying a great activation of microglia along with an increase in the production of cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α. Increased permeability or disruption of the BBB, with overexpression of the ICAM-1 adhesion molecule and infiltration of circulating monocytes into the substantia nigra, is also involved, since the depletion of circulating monocytes prevents the effects of peripheral inflammation. Data are reviewed in relation to epidemiological studies of PD.

Neuroprotective Effect of a New 7,8-Dihydroxycoumarin-Based Fe2+/Cu2+Chelator in Cell and Animal Models of Parkinson’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pabla Aguirre ◽  
Olimpo García-Beltrán ◽  
Victoria Tapia ◽  
Yorka Muñoz ◽  
Bruce K. Cassels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect

scholarly journals BDNF as a Promising Therapeutic Agent in Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Palasz ◽  
Adrianna Wysocka ◽  
Anna Gasiorowska ◽  
Malgorzata Chalimoniuk ◽  
Wiktor Niewiadomski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Nigrostriatal Pathway ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Direct Delivery

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. In animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD), BDNF enhances the survival of dopaminergic neurons, improves dopaminergic neurotransmission and motor performance. Pharmacological therapies of PD are symptom-targeting, and their effectiveness decreases with the progression of the disease; therefore, new therapeutical approaches are needed. Since, in both PD patients and animal PD models, decreased level of BDNF was found in the nigrostriatal pathway, it has been hypothesized that BDNF may serve as a therapeutic agent. Direct delivery of exogenous BDNF into the patient’s brain did not relieve the symptoms of disease, nor did attempts to enhance BDNF expression with gene therapy. Physical training was neuroprotective in animal models of PD. This effect is mediated, at least partly, by BDNF. Animal studies revealed that physical activity increases BDNF and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression, leading to inhibition of neurodegeneration through induction of transcription factors and expression of genes related to neuronal proliferation, survival, and inflammatory response. This review focuses on the evidence that increasing BDNF level due to gene modulation or physical exercise has a neuroprotective effect and could be considered as adjunctive therapy in PD.

Gene expression analysis in modeling Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-104
Author(s):  
М.М. Руденок ◽  
А.Х. Алиева ◽  
А.А. Колачева ◽  
М.В. Угрюмов ◽  
П.А. Сломинский ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Presymptomatic Stage ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Whole Transcriptome ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Transcriptome Level

Несмотря на очевидный прогресс, достигнутый в изучении молекулярно-генетических факторов и механизмов патогенеза болезни Паркинсона (БП), в настоящее время стало ясно, что нарушения в структуре ДНК не описывают весь спектр патологических изменений, наблюдаемых при развитии заболевания. В настоящее время показано, что существенное влияние на патогенез БП могут оказывать изменения на уровне транскриптома. В работе были использованы мышиные модели досимптомной стадии БП, поздней досимптомной и ранней симптомной (РСС) стадиями БП. Для полнотранскриптомного анализа пулов РНК тканей черной субстанции и стриатума мозга мышей использовались микрочипы MouseRef-8 v2.0 Expression BeadChip Kit («Illumina», США). Полученные данные указывают на последовательное вовлечение транскриптома в патогенез БП, а также на то, что изменения на транскриптомном уровне процессов транспорта и митохондриального биогенеза могут играть важную роль в нейродегенерации при БП уже на самых ранних этапах. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex systemic disease, mainly associated with the death of dopaminergic neurons. Despite the obvious progress made in the study of molecular genetic factors and mechanisms of PD pathogenesis, it has now become clear that violations in the DNA structure do not describe the entire spectrum of pathological changes observed during the development of the disease. It has now been shown that changes at the transcriptome level can have a significant effect on the pathogenesis of PD. The authors used models of the presymptomatic stage of PD with mice decapitation after 6 hours (6 h-PSS), presymptomatic stage with decapitation after 24 hours (24 h-PSS), advanced presymptomatic (Adv-PSS) and early symptomatic (ESS) stages of PD. For whole transcriptome analysis of RNA pools of the substantia nigra and mouse striatum, the MouseRef-8 v2.0 Expression BeadChip Kit microchips (Illumina, USA) were used. As a result of the analysis of whole transcriptome data, it was shown that, there are a greater number of statistically significant changes in the tissues of the brain and peripheral blood of mice with Adv-PSS and ESS models of PD compared to 6 h-PSS and 24 h-PSS models. In general, the obtained data indicate the sequential involvement of the transcriptome in the pathogenesis of PD, as well as the fact that changes at the transcriptome level of the processes of transport and mitochondrial biogenesis can play an important role in neurodegeneration in PD at an early stage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document