scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis Should Be Considered in Patients with Cognitive Problems

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
Niklas Mattsson ◽  
Kaj Blennow
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Memory Clinics ◽  
Clinical Questions ◽  
Cognitive Problems ◽  
The Brain

Hepatologists assay liver enzymes and cardiologists structural heart proteins in serum to diagnose and monitor their patients. This way of thinking has not quite made it into the memory clinics yet, in spite of the availability of validated cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for key pathological events in the brain in neurodegeneration. Here, we argue that a spinal tap should be considered in all patients who seek medical advice for memory problems and list the highly relevant clinical questions CSF analyses can address.

scholarly journals Special aspects of the course and diagnosis of neurosyphilis on the example of a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
The Brain

Neurosyphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum and characterized by damage of the central nervous system. This disease may be asymptomatic or have an atypical clinical course, which leads to late diagnosis. The most informative diagnostic methods for this disease are specific serological reactions to syphilis, MRI of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Aim. To show the features of the course, treatment and diagnosis of neurosyphilis using the example of a clinical case. Materials and methods. Patient S., born in 1963, complained about significant memory impairment, difficulties with orientation in time and space, mood swings, verbosity and exaggeration, and was hospitalized at the State Institution “Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. Neurological status: eye slits and pupils were uniform. The movements of the eyeballs were painless. Insufficiency of the act of convergence was found. Corneal reactions were reduced. The patient felt pain after the palpation of supra- and infraorbital points. There was an asymmetry in the facial innervation. The tongue was on the midline, swollen, with tooth imprints. There were no pathological signs, sensitive violations. Shaking movements were noticed during the Romberg test. During the examination of the cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, the patient scored 21 points, which corresponds to mild dementia. Results. 1. According to the results of MRI examination of the brain, there was an MR-picture of areas of cystic-gliosis transformation of the poles of the temporal lobes and structural changes of the hippocampal gyrus (most likely, caused by the chronic inflammatory process); vascular foci of the brain as manifestations of dyscirculatory changes, moderate external hydrocephalus. 2. A serological examination for the presence of the antigen of the Treponema pallidum pathogen was performed, the result was positive. 3. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed the following results. Cytosis was 1x106/l, protein was 0.21 g/l, glucose 3.4 mmol/l, Pandy test positivity. Based on the obtained data, the patient was diagnosed with neurosyphilis. The patient underwent etiopathogenetic treatment with benzylpenicillin sodium. After treatment the patient's condition gradually improved. Conclusions. Specific serological reactions to syphilis, MRI of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid analysis are mandatory tests for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Early detection of Treponema pallidum and rational therapy can prevent the development of severe consequences and improve the patient's condition. Syphilis is a multidisciplinary problem today and needs the attention of general practitioners, dermatologists and neurologists.

scholarly journals Experiences with cerebrospinal fluid analysis in Dutch memory clinics

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1014-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Spies ◽  
D. Slats ◽  
I. Ramakers ◽  
F. R. J. Verhey ◽  
M. G. M. Olde Rikkert
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Memory Clinics

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal fluid confirmed COVID-19-associated encephalitis treated successfully

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e237378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmine Mohamed Kamal ◽  
Yasmin Abdelmajid ◽  
Abubaker Abdul Rahman Al Madani
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
The Brain

The COVID-19 pandemic that attracted global attention in December 2019 is well known for its clinical picture that is consistent with respiratory symptoms. Currently, the available medical literature describing the neurological complications of COVID-19 is gradually emerging. We hereby describe a case of a 31-year-old COVID-19-positive patient who was admitted on emergency basis. His clinical presentation was primarily neurological, rather than the COVID-19’s classical respiratory manifestations. He presented with acute behavioural changes, severe confusion and drowsiness. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis was consistent with COVID-19 encephalitis, as well as the brain imaging. This experience confirms that neurological manifestations might be expected in COVID-19 infections, despite the absence of significant respiratory symptoms. Whenever certain red flags are raised, physicians who are involved in the management of COVID-19 should promptly consider the possibility of encephalitis. Early recognition of COVID-19 encephalitis and timely management may lead to a better outcome.

Guidelines on Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis

2015 ◽  
pp. 407-428
Author(s):  
Harald Hegen ◽  
Charlotte E. Teunissen ◽  
Finn Sellebjerg ◽  
Hayrettin Tumani ◽  
Florian Deisenhammer
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis
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