Understanding the impact of planted forest on smallholder livestock farmers and their livelihoods in the Greater Mekong Subregion

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Planted Forest ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Contribution of Asymptomatic Plasmodium Infections to the Transmission of Malaria in Kayin State, Myanmar

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 (9) ◽  
pp. 1499-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Chaumeau ◽  
Ladda Kajeechiwa ◽  
Bénédicte Fustec ◽  
Jordi Landier ◽  
Saw Naw Nyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Entomological Inoculation Rate ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The objective of mass antimalarial drug administration (MDA) is to eliminate malaria rapidly by eliminating the asymptomatic malaria parasite reservoirs and interrupting transmission. In the Greater Mekong Subregion, where artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum is now widespread, MDA has been proposed as an elimination accelerator, but the contribution of asymptomatic infections to malaria transmission has been questioned. The impact of MDA on entomological indices has not been characterized previously. Methods MDA was conducted in 4 villages in Kayin State (Myanmar). Malaria mosquito vectors were captured 3 months before, during, and 3 months after MDA, and their Plasmodium infections were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The relationship between the entomological inoculation rate, the malaria prevalence in humans determined by ultrasensitive PCR, and MDA was characterized by generalized estimating equation regression. Results Asymptomatic P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections were cleared by MDA. The P. vivax entomological inoculation rate was reduced by 12.5-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6–100-fold), but the reservoir of asymptomatic P. vivax infections was reconstituted within 3 months, presumably because of relapses. This was coincident with a 5.3-fold (95% CI, 4.8–6.0-fold) increase in the vector infection rate. Conclusion Asymptomatic infections are a major source of malaria transmission in Southeast Asia.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Land Use and land cover change on Pastoral Livestock Farming in South-Eastern Burkina Faso

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie A. KIMA ◽  
A. A OKHIMAMHE ◽  
Andre KIEMA
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
The Impact

<p class="1Body">Conversion of pastures to cropland is one of the most important issues facing livestock farming in Burkina Faso. This study examined the impact of land use/cover change on pastoral livestock farming in Boulgou province between 1980 and 2013. Landsat satellite images (1989, 2001 and 2013) and socio-economic data were analysed. The interpretation of the classified Landsat images revealed an increase in cropland from 20.5% in 1989 to 36.7% in 2013. This resulted mainly from the conversion of woody savannah and shrub and grass savannah to cropland. Pastoral livestock farmers reported that the major drivers of vegetation loss were drought (95.1 %), population growth (91.8%), cropland increase (91.4%), extraction of fuel wood (69.8%) and increase in livestock population (65.4). These changes affect livestock farming through reduction of pasture, poor access to water and reduction of livestock mobility routes according to the farmers. This calls for regional and national policies to protect grazing areas in Burkina Faso that are similar to policies being implemented for forest and other types of vegetation cover in other countries. For such pastoral policies to be successful, issues concerning the mobility of livestock farmers must be enshrined into such policies and this study is an example of information source for these policies.</p>

Usages of Mobile Application Developed by Krishi Vigyan Kendra Banavasi

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
M. Jayalakshmi ◽  
G. Prasadbabu ◽  
B. H. Chaithanya ◽  
A. Lavanya ◽  
T. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
Agriculture Fertilizer ◽  
The Impact

A survey was conducted to assess the impact of mobile applications developed by theKrishiVigyan Kendra Banavasi with 150 farmers in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh inthe year 2020. KVK Banavasi developed three mobile applications namely ANGRAU-ATARI CFLD, ANGRAU Pashu Poshan and Fertilizer Calculator for benefiting farmingcommunity. Majority (64.67%) of the respondents were found in medium usage of mobileapplications, in agriculture. Fertilizer Calculator mobile application was found highest usage(74.50%) among the farmers when compared with other two applications. ANGRAUATATRI CFLD application was used by an average of 46.83 per cent farmers forinformation on new improved varieties, 75 % for control measures of pest and diseasesand 29 per cent for market related information. ANGRAU Pashu Poshan application wasused by 75 per cent livestock farmers for sheep management, 56 per cent for cattlemanagement and 45 per cent for poultry related information. Fertilizer calculator applicationwas used by 80 per cent farmers for recommended dose of fertilizers and 10 per cent forsoil test based fertilizer application.

Designing sustainable energy plans for the Greater Mekong Subregion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Galelli ◽  
Kais Siala ◽  
AFM Kamal Chowdhury ◽  
Thanh Duc Dang
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Riverine Ecosystems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;Fossil fuels and hydropower dams have long been at the backbone of power supply systems in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), an energy policy catalyzed by the direct availability of these resources, the backing of foreign investments, and the limited coordination among the many decision-makers. Such policy has resulted in large externalities: gas and coal-fired plants contribute to the carbon footprint of all GMS countries, particularly Thailand; dams have affected the riverine ecosystems, impacting entire economic sectors. According to the official energy plans, coal will be soon sidelined, but dams will keep playing an important role. That is despite the availability of solar and other renewable resources. Is it possible to design more sustainable energy plans for the GMS? Can we limit the number of dams that will be built in the near future? What are the main technologies and policies that should be prioritized? To answer these questions, we developed a spatially-distributed numerical model that co-optimizes capacity expansion as well as hourly dispatch of generation, transmission, and storage. The model is applied to Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia, over a planning period spanning from 2016 to 2037. Optimization results show that the generation capacity planned by these countries could be met in a more sustainable manner by relying on solar PV, which could supply about one third of the projected electricity demand. Investments in renewable energy should be supported by cross-border grid interconnections, which would connect load centers to more production sites, easing the supply-demand balancing. To put the analysis in a broader water-energy context, we also assess the impact of current and proposed energy plans on river connectivity and flows. Overall, our analysis demonstrates that there are untapped opportunities for untying the fate of the Mekong River basin from that of power supply and economic development.&lt;/p&gt;

Biofuels and the Greater Mekong Subregion: Assessing the impact on prices, production and trade

2009 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. S37-S46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
Huanguang Qiu ◽  
Scott Rozelle ◽  
Mercy A. Sombilla
Keyword(s):  
Greater Mekong Subregion ◽  
The Impact

The impact of alternative policies on livestock farmers' willingness to recycle manure: evidence from central China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Xiaoyang Wang ◽  
Yubin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Central China ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Better Than

PurposeThis article examines the impact of different policy instruments on livestock farmers' willingness to recycle manure. The results shed light on the optimal policy combination.Design/methodology/approachA game theoretical framework is constructed to illustrate farmers' optimal strategies under different policies. Theoretical results are empirically tested by survey data from beef cattle farmers in Central China.FindingsEmpirical results show that penalties work better than subsidies if each type of policy is implemented separately. The authors also find a positive interaction between subsidy and penalty policies, suggesting that a combination of subsidy and penalty policies produces the best outcome in incentivizing livestock farmers to recycle manure. Furthermore, planting and breeding simultaneously have the strongest effect on increasing livestock farmers' willingness to recycle manure, suggesting that the combination of planting and breeding can be an optimal strategy for manure management.Originality/valueThis study is based on firsthand survey data and provides new evidence on the effectiveness of alternative environmental policies on manure recycling.

scholarly journals A survey of viral diseases of livestock characterized by skin lesions in Kanam Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-262
Author(s):  
P Gambo ◽  
A.S. Maguda ◽  
J.A. Adole ◽  
D.Y. Dyek ◽  
V.I. Ifende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
The Status ◽  
Livestock Farmers ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
The Impact

A survey on the status of viral diseases of livestock characterized by skin lesions was carried out between November, 2016 and March 2017 in Kanam Local Government Area (LGA) of Plateau State, Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered and suspected cases of Lumpy skin disease (LSD), Goat pox (GTP), Contagious ecthyma (CE) and Bovine papilloma (BP) were investigated. Samples collected were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The questionnaires were administered to livestock farmers (n=109), butchers (n=11) and livestock traders (n=13). The results indicated that majority of livestock farmers (94.50%), butchers (100%) and livestock traders (100%) were familiar with these viral diseases of livestock. Farmers in the study area also indicated that they had observed LSD (64.5%) and BP (7.34%) in cattle; GTP (67.9%) and CE (59.5%) in sheep and goats in the last 12 months. Data collated from the questionnaire survey showed these viral diseases of livestock also affect trade price with reduction of about 50-75% of real value of affected animals. The PCR result of samples collected from clinically diagnosed cases of orf shows that 3 out 4 samples analyzed were positive. Likewise, 1 out of 3 samples collected from clinically diagnosed cases of GTP were positive by PCR. The PCR results validate the respondents‘ feedback on the presence these viral skin diseases of livestock in study area. This report provides baseline epidemiological data on the status of these diseases of livestock and further investigation is needed to better understand the impact of viral skin diseases of livestock in Kanam LGA.Keywords: Survey; viral skin diseases; Kanam; Nigeria

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