scholarly journals A Critical Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Host Defense against Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 204 (9) ◽  
pp. 2464-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihua Zhang ◽  
Ji-Liang Gao ◽  
Keqiang Chen ◽  
Teizo Yoshimura ◽  
Weiwei Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide

The Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Microbial Infection and Inflammation

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Le ◽  
Ronghua Sun ◽  
Guoguang Ying ◽  
Pablo Iribarren ◽  
Ji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

The Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors for Immunomodulatory Activities of Antimicrobial Peptides and Peptidomimetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1100-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Line Skovbakke ◽  
Andre Holdfeldt ◽  
Huamei Forsman ◽  
Johan Bylund ◽  
Henrik Franzyk
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

In recent years, the therapeutic potential of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as immunomodulators has become generally accepted. Nevertheless, only very few AMP-based compounds have progressed into clinical trials. This paradox may be explained by the fact, that some of the intrinsic properties of natural peptides, such as proteolytic and oxidative instability, render them inconvenient as therapeutics. Therefore, substantial research efforts have been dedicated to mimic the physico-chemical properties as well as biological activities of AMPs by designing and identifying more stable peptidomimetics displaying analogous immunomodulatory activity profiles. Neutrophils play key roles in host defense as major effector cells in clearance of pathogens by phagocytosis and by regulating other processes of innate immunity as well as by promoting resolution of inflammation. Several aspects of these effects are correlated to their expression of formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) that have been shown to be targets of both natural and synthetic antimicrobial peptides. In the present review recent findings highlighting the role of FPRs in mediating immunomodulatory activities of natural and synthetic AMPs as well as of stabilized peptidomimetics are discussed, and prospects for future development of immunomodulatory therapeutics are presented.

scholarly journals New development in studies of formyl-peptide receptors: critical roles in host defense

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
K. Chen ◽  
Y. Xiang ◽  
T. Yoshimura ◽  
S. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
New Development ◽  
Formyl Peptide

scholarly journals Annexin A1 Released in Extracellular Vesicles by Pancreatic Cancer Cells Activates Components of the Tumor Microenvironment, through Interaction with the Formyl-Peptide Receptors

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2719
Author(s):  
Nunzia Novizio ◽  
Raffaella Belvedere ◽  
Emanuela Pessolano ◽  
Alessandra Tosco ◽  
Amalia Porta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Formyl Peptide

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive cancers in the world. Several extracellular factors are involved in its development and metastasis to distant organs. In PC, the protein Annexin A1 (ANXA1) appears to be overexpressed and may be identified as an oncogenic factor, also because it is a component in tumor-deriving extracellular vesicles (EVs). Indeed, these microvesicles are known to nourish the tumor microenvironment. Once we evaluated the autocrine role of ANXA1-containing EVs on PC MIA PaCa-2 cells and their pro-angiogenic action, we investigated the ANXA1 paracrine effect on stromal cells like fibroblasts and endothelial ones. Concerning the analysis of fibroblasts, cell migration/invasion, cytoskeleton remodeling, and the different expression of specific protein markers, all features of the cell switching into myofibroblasts, were assessed after administration of wild type more than ANXA1 Knock-Out EVs. Interestingly, we demonstrated a mechanism by which the ANXA1-EVs complex can stimulate the activation of formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), triggering mesenchymal switches and cell motility on both fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Therefore, we highlighted the importance of ANXA1/EVs-FPR axes in PC progression as a vehicle of intercommunication tumor cells-stroma, suggesting a specific potential prognostic/diagnostic role of ANXA1, whether in soluble form or even if EVs are captured in PC.

Role of Formyl-Peptide Receptors in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 143 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P137-P137
Author(s):  
Amato de Paulis ◽  
Nella Prevete ◽  
Gianni Marone ◽  
Massimo Dellepiane ◽  
Renzo Mora
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide

Biological Role of the N-Formyl Peptide Receptors

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Panaro ◽  
A. Acquafredda ◽  
M. Sisto ◽  
S. Lisi ◽  
A.B. Maffione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Role ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide

scholarly journals Dynamic evolution of bacterial ligand recognition by formyl peptide receptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M Paterson ◽  
Hussein Al-Zubieri ◽  
Joseph Ragona ◽  
Juan Tirado ◽  
Brian V Geisbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Ligand Recognition ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide

The detection of invasive pathogens is critical for host immune defense. Cell surface receptors play a key role in the recognition of diverse microbe-associated molecules, triggering leukocyte recruitment, phagocytosis, release of antimicrobial factors, and cytokine production. The intense selective forces acting on innate immune receptor genes has led to their rapid diversification across plant and animal species. However, the impacts of this genetic variation on immune functions are often unclear. Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are a family of animal G-protein coupled receptors which are activated in response to a variety of ligands including formylated bacterial peptides, microbial virulence factors, and host-derived peptides. Here we investigate patterns of gene loss, sequence diversity, and ligand recognition among primate and carnivore FPRs. We observe that FPR1, which plays a critical role in innate immune defense in humans, has been lost in New World primates. Patterns of amino acid variation in FPR1 and FPR2 suggest a history of repeated positive selection acting on extracellular domains involved in ligand binding. To assess the consequences of FPR variation on bacterial ligand recognition, we measured interactions between primate FPRs and the FPR agonist Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B, as well as S. aureus FLIPr-like which functions as an FPR inhibitor. We find that comparatively few sequence differences between great ape FPRs are sufficient to modulate recognition of S. aureus ligands, further demonstrating how genetic variation can act to tune FPR activation in response to diverse microbial binding partners. Together this study reveals how rapid evolution of host immune receptors shapes the detection of diverse microbial molecules.

Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Gastrointestinal Healing

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 1966-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Prevete ◽  
A. de Paulis ◽  
D. Sgambato ◽  
R.M. Melillo ◽  
G. D`Argenio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gi Tract ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Epithelial Repair ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Injured Tissue ◽  
Formyl Peptide ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Gi Mucosa

The wound healing and the barrier restoration of the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa must be continuously ensured to allow homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract and of all the surrounding tissues. Several lines of the evidence report a key role of innate immunity, and in particular of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), in controlling the homeostasis of GI tract by sensing commensal and pathogen bacteria, activating the immune response and regulating epithelial repair, thus guaranteeing the morphological and functional recovery of the injured tissue. We will discuss the role of a particular class of PRRs - the Formyl Peptide Receptors - in the homeostasis of GI mucosa. We here report the results of studies that strongly suggest the possibility that the activation of FPRs is crucial in the maintenance of homeostasis of the GI tract and provide indications of the potential clinical relevance of new treatment regimens involving FPR modulation for several GI disorders.

scholarly journals The Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Permanent and Low-Grade Inflammation: Helicobacter pylori Infection as a Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3706
Author(s):  
Paola Cuomo ◽  
Marina Papaianni ◽  
Rosanna Capparelli ◽  
Chiara Medaglia
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptor ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide Receptors ◽  
Formyl Peptide

Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), belonging to the chemoattractant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) family. They play a key role in the innate immune system, regulating both the initiation and the resolution of the inflammatory response. FPRs were originally identified as receptors with high binding affinity for bacteria or mitochondria N-formylated peptides. However, they can also bind a variety of structurally different ligands. Among FPRs, formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) is the most versatile, recognizing N-formyl peptides, non-formylated peptides, and synthetic molecules. In addition, according to the ligand nature, FPRL1 can mediate either pro- or anti-inflammatory responses. Hp(2-20), a Helicobacter pylori-derived, non-formylated peptide, is a potent FPRL1 agonist, participating in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric inflammation, thus contributing to the related site or not-site specific diseases. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the role of FPRs in H. pylori-associated chronic inflammation, which suggests this receptor as potential target to mitigate both microbial and sterile inflammatory diseases.

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