scholarly journals Estrogen Treatment Down-Regulates TNF-α Production and Reduces the Severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Cytokine Knockout Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 542-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ito ◽  
Bruce F. Bebo ◽  
Agata Matejuk ◽  
Alex Zamora ◽  
Marc Silverman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Estrogen Treatment ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

scholarly journals Intravenous Liposomal Prednisolone Downregulates In Situ TNF-α Production by T-cells in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1241-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Schmidt ◽  
Josbert M. Metselaar ◽  
Ralf Gold
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses are treated with high-dose IV glucocorticosteroids. Here we investigated mechanisms of long-circulating polyethylene glycol-coated liposomes encapsulating prednisolone (PL) in adoptive transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Rats received IV 10 mg/kg PL 6, 18, or 42 hr before sacrifice at disease maximum. In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded spinal cord we employed a nonfluorescent immunohistochemical (IHC) double labeling. We stained for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in combination with a T-cell antigen. Compared with PBS-containing liposomes, PL at 18 hr, and more at 42 hr, significantly reduced the rate of TNF-α double-labeled T-cells. This correlated with an ameliorated disease score at day 5 after PL 42 hr. Our results help to further understand mechanisms of action of drug targeting by liposomal steroids, with possible implications for treatment of autoimmune disorders such as MS.

Cannabinoid CB1 receptors regulate neuronal TNF-α effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Rossi ◽  
Roberto Furlan ◽  
Valentina De Chiara ◽  
Luca Muzio ◽  
Alessandra Musella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Cb1 Receptors ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis relapses are reduced in heterozygous golli MBP knockout mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 139 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda R. Voskuhl ◽  
Thomas M. Pribyl ◽  
Kathy Kampf ◽  
Vance Handley ◽  
Hong-biao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Effect of 10-day forced treadmill training on neurotrophic factors in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darpan I. Patel ◽  
Lesley J. White
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

The impact of exercise on disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical effects of forced wheel running on rats induced with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS. Female Lewis rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups prior to inoculation: EAE exercise (EAE-Ex), EAE sedentary (EAE-Sed), control exercise (Con-Ex), or control sedentary (Con-Sed). Exercise training was composed of forced treadmill running at increasing intensity across 10 consecutive days. No significant differences in clinical disability were observed in the EAE groups at the conclusion of this study. Furthermore, no significant differences in brain mass were observed across groups. Analysis of brain tissue proteins revealed that tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations were higher in both EAE groups compared with the control groups (p < 0.05); however, no significant differences were seen between the EAE-Ex and EAE-Sed groups. The Con-Ex group had lower whole-brain TNF-α compared with the Con-Sed group (p < 0.05). Nerve growth factor concentrations were greater in the EAE-Ex animals compared with both control groups (p < 0.05 for both). No differences were seen in brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Our results indicate that aerobic exercise can modulate the proteins associated with disability in EAE; however, further research is required to understand the total impact of exercise on EAE disability and disease progression.

scholarly journals Shikonin ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) via Immuno-modulatory, anti-apototic, and anti-oxidative activity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Nasrollahzadeh Sabet ◽  
Sajjad Biglari ◽  
Emran Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis is a common auto-immuno-inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system in adults. There are several underlying mechanisms for pathogenesis of the disease, including inflammation, oligodendrocyte apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Methods We have investigated the mechanism of Shikonin action in C57BL/6 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis. Results Our results revealed that EAE induction significantly increased the extent of demyelination in the corpus callosum tissues of the animals, while treatment of the mice with Shikonin, significantly decreased the extent of demyelination. Real-time PCR based analyzing the brain samples from the EAE mice, revealed a significant enhancement in the expression level of TNF-α , IFN-γ and Bax genes as well as a reduction in the expression level of TGF-β and Bcl2. Shikonin treatment significantly reduced the expression level of TNF-α , IFN-γ and Bax. On the other hand, the expression levels of TGF-β and Bcl2 as well as the Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1) enzyme were significantly increased following Shikonin treatment. Conclusion This study emphasizes the immune-modulatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxitive effects of Shikonin, which may have an important healing influence on the severity of EAE.

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