scholarly journals IL-1R1 Signaling Regulates CXCL12-Mediated T Cell Localization and Fate within the Central Nervous System during West Nile Virus Encephalitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 193 (8) ◽  
pp. 4095-4106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Durrant ◽  
Brian P. Daniels ◽  
Robyn S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Encephalitis ◽  
Cell Localization ◽  
West Nile Virus Encephalitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Neuronal CXCL10 Directs CD8+ T-Cell Recruitment and Control of West Nile Virus Encephalitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (17) ◽  
pp. 11457-11466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn S. Klein ◽  
Eugene Lin ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Andrew D. Luster ◽  
Judy Tollett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Encephalitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACT The activation and entry of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells into the central nervous system is an essential step towards clearance of West Nile virus (WNV) from infected neurons. The molecular signals responsible for the directed migration of virus-specific T cells and their cellular sources are presently unknown. Here we demonstrate that in response to WNV infection, neurons secrete the chemokine CXCL10, which recruits effector T cells via the chemokine receptor CXCR3. Neutralization or a genetic deficiency of CXCL10 leads to a decrease in CXCR3+ CD8+ T-cell trafficking, an increase in viral burden in the brain, and enhanced morbidity and mortality. These data support a new paradigm in chemokine neurobiology, as neurons are not generally considered to generate antiviral immune responses, and CXCL10 may represent a novel neuroprotective agent in response to WNV infection in the central nervous system.

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