scholarly journals The Development and Function of Memory Regulatory T Cells after Acute Viral Infections

2012 ◽  
Vol 189 (6) ◽  
pp. 2805-2814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Sanchez ◽  
Jiangao Zhu ◽  
Xiaopei Huang ◽  
Yiping Yang
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Control of T Cell Responses, Tolerance and Autoimmunity by Regulatory T Cells: Current Concepts

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Chrobák
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Chronic Viral Infections ◽  
And Function ◽  
Special Circumstances ◽  
Immunosuppressive Cytokines

Regulatory T cells have emerged as an important mechanism of regulating tolerance and T cell responses. CD4+ regulatory T cells can be divided into two main groups, natural regulatory T cells, which express high levels of CD25 on their cell surface and phenotypically diverse adaptive (antigen induced) regulatory T cells. Natural regulatory T cells are made in the thymus, and require strong costimulatory signals for induction and maintenance, express a transcription factor called Foxp3, and function by a largely unknown mechanism. Adaptive (antigen induced) regulatory T cells are made by sub-optimal antigenic signals in the periphery, in the presence of immunosuppressive cytokines, often in special circumstances, such as chronic viral infections or after mucosal administration of antigen, and rely on cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β for suppression. Regulatory T cells offer a great potential for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and during transplantation.

scholarly journals Trichostatin A Promotes the Generation and Suppressive Functions of Regulatory T Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Doñas ◽  
Macarena Fritz ◽  
Valeria Manríquez ◽  
Gabriela Tejón ◽  
María Rosa Bono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Trichostatin A ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
And Function ◽  
H3 Acetylation

Regulatory T cells are a specific subset of lymphocytes that suppress immune responses and play a crucial role in the maintenance of self-tolerance. They can be generated in the thymus as well as in the periphery through differentiation of naïve CD4+T cells. The forkhead box P3 transcription factor (Foxp3) is a crucial molecule regulating the generation and function of Tregs. Here we show that thefoxp3gene promoter becomes hyperacetylated inin vitrodifferentiated Tregs compared to naïve CD4+T cells. We also show that the histone deacetylase inhibitor TSA stimulated thein vitrodifferentiation of naïve CD4+T cells into Tregs and that this induction was accompanied by a global increase in histone H3 acetylation. Importantly, we also demonstrated that Tregs generated in the presence of TSA have phenotypical and functional differences from the Tregs generated in the absence of TSA. Thus, TSA-generated Tregs showed increased suppressive activities, which could potentially be explained by a mechanism involving the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73. Our data show that TSA could potentially be used to enhance the differentiation and suppressive function of CD4+Foxp3+Treg cells.

scholarly journals SENP3 maintains the stability and function of regulatory T cells via BACH2 deSUMOylation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Yu ◽  
Yimin Lao ◽  
Xiao-Lu Teng ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Differential requirement of PKC-θ in the development and function of natural regulatory T cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonal Gupta ◽  
Santhakumar Manicassamy ◽  
Chenthamarakshan Vasu ◽  
Anvita Kumar ◽  
Weirong Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals CD4+ regulatory T cells require CTLA-4 for the maintenance of systemic tolerance

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall H. Friedline ◽  
David S. Brown ◽  
Hai Nguyen ◽  
Hardy Kornfeld ◽  
JinHee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
In Trans ◽  
And Function

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) plays a critical role in negatively regulating T cell responses and has also been implicated in the development and function of natural FOXP3+ regulatory T cells. CTLA-4–deficient mice develop fatal, early onset lymphoproliferative disease. However, chimeric mice containing both CTLA-4–deficient and –sufficient bone marrow (BM)–derived cells do not develop disease, indicating that CTLA-4 can act in trans to maintain T cell self-tolerance. Using genetically mixed blastocyst and BM chimaeras as well as in vivo T cell transfer systems, we demonstrate that in vivo regulation of Ctla4−/− T cells in trans by CTLA-4–sufficient T cells is a reversible process that requires the persistent presence of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells with a diverse TCR repertoire. Based on gene expression studies, the regulatory T cells do not appear to act directly on T cells, suggesting they may instead modulate the stimulatory activities of antigen-presenting cells. These results demonstrate that CTLA-4 is absolutely required for FOXP3+ regulatory T cell function in vivo.

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