scholarly journals Protein–DNA Complex Is the Exclusive Malaria Parasite Component That Activates Dendritic Cells and Triggers Innate Immune Responses

2010 ◽  
Vol 184 (8) ◽  
pp. 4338-4348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzhu Wu ◽  
Nagaraj M. Gowda ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
D. Channe Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Dna Complex

scholarly journals Innate cell profiles during the acute and convalescent phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie R. Neeland ◽  
Samantha Bannister ◽  
Vanessa Clifford ◽  
Kate Dohle ◽  
Kim Mulholland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Activated Neutrophils ◽  
Classical Monocytes

AbstractChildren have mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) confirmed disease (COVID-19) compared to adults and the immunological mechanisms underlying this difference remain unclear. Here, we report acute and convalescent innate immune responses in 48 children and 70 adults infected with, or exposed to, SARS-CoV-2. We find clinically mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is characterised by reduced circulating subsets of monocytes (classical, intermediate, non-classical), dendritic cells and natural killer cells during the acute phase. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-infected adults show reduced proportions of non-classical monocytes only. We also observe increased proportions of CD63+ activated neutrophils during the acute phase to SARS-CoV-2 in infected children. Children and adults exposed to SARS-CoV-2 but negative on PCR testing display increased proportions of low-density neutrophils that we observe up to 7 weeks post exposure. This study characterises the innate immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection and household exposure in children.

scholarly journals Multifaceted innate immune responses engaged by astrocytes, microglia and resident dendritic cells against Chikungunya neuroinfection

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Das ◽  
Jean Jacques Hoarau ◽  
Marie Christine Jaffar Bandjee ◽  
Marianne Maquart ◽  
Philippe Gasque
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses

scholarly journals Asian and African lineage Zika viruses show differential replication and innate immune responses in human dendritic cells and macrophages

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Österlund ◽  
Miao Jiang ◽  
Veera Westenius ◽  
Suvi Kuivanen ◽  
Riia Järvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Host Protein ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
African Lineage

Abstract Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in humans are considered to be mild or subclinical. However, during the recent epidemics in the Pacific Islands and the Americas, the infection was associated with Quillain-Barré syndrome and congenital infections with fetal brain abnormalities, including microcephaly. Thus, more detailed understanding of ZIKV-host cell interactions and regulation of innate immune responses by strains of differential evolutionary origin is required. Here, we characterized the infection and immune responses triggered by two epidemic Asian/American lineage viruses, including an isolate from fetal brains, and a historical, low passage 1947 African lineage virus in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. The epidemic Asian/American ZIKV replicated well and induced relatively good antiviral responses in human DCs whereas the African strain replicated less efficiently and induced weaker immune responses. In macrophages both the African and Asian strains showed limited replication and relatively weak cytokine gene expression. Interestingly, in macrophages we observed host protein degradation, especially IRF3 and STAT2, at early phases of infection with both lineage viruses, suggesting an early proteasomal activation in phagocytic cells. Our data indicates that ZIKV evolution has led to significant phenotypic differences in the replication characteristics leading to differential regulation of host innate immune responses.

Comparability study of monocyte derived dendritic cells, primary monocytes, and THP1 cells for innate immune responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 498 ◽  
pp. 113147
Author(s):  
Yi Wen ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Suntara Cahya ◽  
Paul Anderson ◽  
Candyd Velasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses

scholarly journals Sulforaphane Epigenetically Regulates Innate Immune Responses of Porcine Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Induced with Lipopolysaccharide

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0121574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqi Qu ◽  
Maren Pröll ◽  
Christiane Neuhoff ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Mehmet Ulas Cinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses

scholarly journals Comparison of the innate immune responses of porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells and splenic dendritic cells stimulated with LPS

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqi Qu ◽  
Mehmet U Cinar ◽  
Huitao Fan ◽  
Maren Pröll ◽  
Dawit Tesfaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses

scholarly journals Phagocytosis of Enterovirus-Infected Pancreatic  -Cells Triggers Innate Immune Responses in Human Dendritic Cells

Diabetes ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1182-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Schulte ◽  
M. Kramer ◽  
M. Ansems ◽  
K. H. W. Lanke ◽  
N. van Doremalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Pancreatic Cells ◽  
Human Dendritic Cells

Manipulation of host innate immune responses by the malaria parasite

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cevayir Coban ◽  
Ken J. Ishii ◽  
Toshihiro Horii ◽  
Shizuo Akira
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses

scholarly journals How the Innate Immune DNA Sensing cGAS–STING Pathway Is Involved in Autophagy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13232
Author(s):  
Wanglong Zheng ◽  
Nengwen Xia ◽  
Jiajia Zhang ◽  
Nanhua Chen ◽  
François Meurens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Type I ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Homeostatic Process ◽  
Sting Pathway ◽  
Dna Complex

The cGAS–STING pathway is a key component of the innate immune system and exerts crucial roles in the detection of cytosolic DNA and invading pathogens. Accumulating evidence suggests that the intrinsic cGAS–STING pathway not only facilitates the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) and inflammatory responses but also triggers autophagy. Autophagy is a homeostatic process that exerts multiple effects on innate immunity. However, systematic evidence linking the cGAS–STING pathway and autophagy is still lacking. Therefore, one goal of this review is to summarize the known mechanisms of autophagy induced by the cGAS–STING pathway and their consequences. The cGAS–STING pathway can trigger canonical autophagy through liquid-phase separation of the cGAS–DNA complex, interaction of cGAS and Beclin-1, and STING-triggered ER stress–mTOR signaling. Furthermore, both cGAS and STING can induce non-canonical autophagy via LC3-interacting regions and binding with LC3. Subsequently, autophagy induced by the cGAS–STING pathway plays crucial roles in balancing innate immune responses, maintaining intracellular environmental homeostasis, alleviating liver injury, and limiting tumor growth and transformation.

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