Cost-Effective Upgrades of Drilling Risers to 20,000 Psi Applications through Composite-Reinforced Steel Choke and Kill Lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Persent ◽  
Francois Grosjean ◽  
Daniel Averbuch ◽  
Eléonore Roguet
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Reinforced Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Abstract Oil and Gas companies are considering drilling operations in the challenging high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) environment, which requires new equipment to be qualified to 20,000 psi working pressure and 350°F maximum temperature. In this study, IFP Energies Nouvelles (IFPEN) has considered the use of composite-reinforced steel Choke and Kill (C&K) lines for retrofitting an existing drilling riser equipped with 15,000 psi steel C&K lines to HP/HT applications. The feasibility of this upgrade solution has been validated through composite material testing and design studies. The composite provides a 20,000 psi Choke and Kill line that is lighter than a 15,000 psi steel line for (almost) the same outer diameter (OD) while maintaining a nominal inner diameter (ID) of 4.5" for safer operations and ensuring a large safety margin on burst. These major advantages allow the C&K lines to be replaced without increasing the riser mass and with no other modification on the riser design. In particular, the expensive buoyancy modules can be kept in place. Through combining the best features of steel and composite, this technology offers a cost-effective way to upgrade an existing drilling riser to 20,000 psi/350°F applications.

Utilizing Novel Expandable Steel Packers to Overcome Multi-Stage Fracturing Completion Deployment Challenges in Horizontal Gas Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebikebena M. Ombe ◽  
Ernesto G. Gomez ◽  
Aldia Syamsudhuha ◽  
Abdullah M. AlKwiter
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Gas Bearing ◽  
Productive Time

Abstract This paper discusses the successful deployment of Multi-stage Fracturing (MSF) completions, composed of novel expandable steel packers, in high pressure, high temperature (HP/HT) horizontal gas wells. The 5-7/8" horizontal sections of these wells were drilled in high pressure, high temperature gas bearing formations. There were also washed-outs & high "dog-legs" along their wellbores, due to constant geo-steering required to keep the laterals within the hydrocarbon bearing zones. These factors introduced challenges to deploying the conventional MSF completion in these laterals. Due to the delicate nature of their packer elastomers and their susceptibility to degradation at high temperature, these conventional MSF completions could not be run in such hostile down-hole conditions without the risk of damage or getting stuck off-bottom. This paper describes the deployment of a novel expandable steel packer MSF completion in these tough down-hole conditions. These expandable steel packers could overcome the challenges mentioned above due to the following unique features: High temperature durability. Enhanced ruggedness which gave them the ability to be rotated & reciprocated during without risk of damage. Reduced packer outer diameter (OD) of 5.500" as compared to the 5.625" OD of conventional elastomer MSF packers. Enhanced flexibility which enabled them to be deployed in wellbores with high dog-leg severity (DLS). With the ability to rotate & reciprocate them while running-in-hole (RIH), coupled with their higher annular clearance & tolerance of high temperature, the expandable steel packers were key to overcoming the risk of damaging or getting stuck with the MSF completion while RIH. Also, due to the higher setting pressure of the expandable steel packers when compared to conventional elastomer packers, there was a reduced risk of prematurely setting the packers if high circulating pressure were encountered during deployment. Another notable advantage of these expandable packers is that they provided an optimization opportunity to reduce the number of packers required in the MSF completion. In a conventional MSF completion, two elastomer packers are usually required to ensure optimum zonal isolation between each MSF stage. However, due to their superior sealing capability, only one expandable steel packer is required to ensure good inter-stage isolation. This greatly reduces the number of packers required in the MSF completion, thereby reducing its stiffness & ultimately reducing the probability of getting stuck while RIH. The results of using these expandable steel packers is the successful deployment of the MSF completions in these harsh down-hole conditions, elimination of non-productive time associated with stuck or damaged MSF completion as well as the safe & cost-effective completion in these critical horizontal gas wells.

scholarly journals An Outlook of Drilling Technologies and Innovations: Present Status and Future Trends

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4499
Author(s):  
Catalin Teodoriu ◽  
Opeyemi Bello
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Drilling System ◽  
Selection Of

The present article analyzes the technological advancement and innovations related to drilling operations. It covers the review of currently proven and emerging technologies that could mitigate the drilling operational deficiencies and instabilities that could hinder operational performance activities and the economic part of drilling development with great effort to minimize their environmental footprint. Drilling system design and operations are among the major aspects and cost-effective endeavors of the oil and gas industries, which are therefore technology dependent. They are also considered to be among the most expensive operations in the world, as they require huge expenses daily. Drilling success, depending on prevalent conditions, is a function of several general factors. These include the selection of the best technologies and tools, procedural optimization, concrete problem-solving, accurate prediction, and rapid decision-making. Consequently, any sorts of tools or advanced technologies that can improve the time-efficient operational and economic performance of drilling activities are essential and demanded. The paper provides a review of available technologies and developmental innovations based on both company-based and academic research-enabled drilling solutions over the past 5 years in the field of drilling systems and technological design. The paper further highlighted potential technologies that could be tapped in from other industries and could possibly be adopted by pushing the conventional boundaries of drilling operations.

Measurements During Drilling Through an Innovative Microchip Technology to Determine Accurate Wellbore Properties for Efficient Drilling Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuyang Zhu ◽  
Jinhai Zhao ◽  
Amol Mulunjkar ◽  
Rached Rached ◽  
Eduardo Gramajo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Abstract The measurement of the drilling parameters such as temperature and pressure helps mitigate drilling-related issues and optimize drilling operations on a cost-effective basis. Multiple technologies can measure these parameters; however, the current tools suffer from low bandwidth, associated high cost, and limited measurement locations near the drill bit. This reduced accuracy and transmission rate while drilling can be improved using intelligent microchip tracers and micro-memory balls. These tools can measure the temperature and pressure across an entire wellbore. The proposed tracers include a microprocessor-based circuit board equipped with sensors, a communication antenna, and a rechargeable battery, all protected from the harsh downhole environment through a robust composite material. The advanced microchip tracers and micro-memory ball technologies were tested in the field and provided innovative measurement platforms. The field tests were conducted in various environments, including oil and gas wells, deviated wells, multiple hole sizes, varied fluid densities, and different BHA (Bottom Hole Assembly) geometries. During the operation procedures, the tracers travel in the drilling strings through the drill bit and return to the surface across the annulus. The data is then exported from the tracers for a quasi-real-time analysis. The results showed high success rates, four out of six microchips were successfully retrieved, and the data was made available for immediate analysis. This paper explains the challenges faced during the logging and interpretation of the data needed to define the wellbore characteristics for efficient drilling processes. The developed time-stepping algorithm correlates the measurement timestamp with the calculated depth. Lastly, the report summarizes the highlights of the tracers in terms of density, release mechanism, and collection method.

Operational and safety aspects of drill stem testing—getting it right

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Shangkar Venugopal
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Drill Stem ◽  
Safety Aspects ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Drill stem testing (DST) is recognised by many operating oil and gas companies to be one of the most hazardous operations routinely undertaken. Well testing has a higher potential for loss of life, loss of assets, environmental catastrophe and budget overrun than any other time in the exploration operations. Therefore, it is of great importance to the industry that such operations are extremely well planned and executed. Planning a DST is an extremely complex task and requires a great deal of experience. This paper provides an insight into the techniques and procedures that are used in all the major operational and safety aspects of oil and gas DST. It uses a structured approach to guide the reader through the various best practices that are required to effectively plan and implement a DST operation under just about any circumstances worldwide, onshore or offshore. The project also includes design parameters for contingency conditions that were not normally present during equipment operations but could exist in emergency situations. Problems and solutions associated with perforation, adverse hole conditions, and high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) conditions are also presented. Additionally, this paper includes an overview on environmental requirements, which provides information associated with risk management and legislation.

An integrated economic analysis of the oil and gas companies of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-943
Author(s):  
I.V. Filimonova ◽  
◽  
L.V. Eder ◽  
V.Yu. Nemov ◽  
M.V. Mishenin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Minerals as an object of accounting and economic security of the oil and gas company implementing the production sharing agreement

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1291-1312
Author(s):  
N.V. Zyleva
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Security Service ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Mineral Reserves ◽  
Economic Risks

Subject. This article discusses the practice of ensuring the economic security of oil and gas companies operating under the terms of production sharing agreements, where minerals are the object of security. Objectives. The article aims to justify the need to apply professional judgment in the organization of reliable accounting of minerals, explored and extracted under the terms of the production sharing agreement implementation, to avoid various risks to the entity's economic security. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of deduction and modeling. Results. The article presents proposals to arrange accounting of intangible exploration assets (geological information on mineral reserves) and finished products (the part of the extracted minerals owned by the investor and the part owned by the State). Conclusions. As strategic minerals, oil and gas are the targets of various economic risks. Professionals familiar with the specifics of accounting operations in the implementation of the production sharing agreement should be prepared to prevent these risks. The results obtained can be used to design accounting policies and develop local regulations on the tasks and functions of the economic security service of the organization implementing the production sharing agreement.

Analyzing the figures of consolidated statement of cash flows of the world's biggest publicly traded oil and gas corporations

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1120
Author(s):  
O.V. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Statement Of Cash Flows ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Subject. The article investigates key figures disclosed in consolidated cash flow statements of 25 leading publicly traded oil and gas companies from 2006 to 2018. Objectives. The focus is on determining the current level of values of the main components of consolidated statement of cash flows prepared by leading publicly traded oil and gas companies, identifying key trends within the studied period and factors that led to any transformation. Methods. The study draws on methods of comparative and financial-economic analysis, as well as generalization of materials of consolidated cash flow statements. Results. The comprehensive analysis of annual reports of 25 oil and gas companies enabled to determine changes in the key figures and their relation in the structure of consolidated cash flow statements in the public sector of the industry. It also established main factors that contributed to the changes. Conclusions. In the period under study, I revealed an increase in cash from operating activities; established that capital expenditures in the public sector of the industry show an overall upward trend and depend on the level of oil prices. The analysis demonstrated that even integrated companies’ upstream segment prevail in the capital expenditures structure. The study also unveiled an increase in dividend payments, which, most of the time, exceeded free cash flows thus increasing the debt burden.

Analyzing the liquidity ratios of the world's leading public oil and gas corporations

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1571-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Subject. This article explores the key liquidity figures of the twenty five largest public oil and gas companies between 2006 and 2018. Objectives. The article aims to determine the current values of the key liquidity figures of the largest public oil and gas companies, identify key trends in their changes within the study period, and identify the factors that have caused these changes. Methods. For the study, I used comparative, and financial and economic analyses, and generalization. Results. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the twenty five oil and gas companies' annual reports, the article identifies trends in the changes in the key liquidity indexes in the industry's public sector, and establishes the main factors that affected these changes. Conclusions and Relevance. The largest public oil and gas companies are able to maintain their own liquidity in times of crisis, even. The industry pays the most attention to increasing the instant liquidity ratios. The results of the study can be used to evaluate, forecast, and develop measures to enhance the liquidity of public oil and gas companies.

Analyzing the market valuations of the world's leading public oil and gas corporations

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2765-2789
Author(s):  
O.V. Shimko
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Market Valuation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Market Valuations ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Subject. This article explores the market valuation ratios of the twenty five leading public oil and gas companies between 2006 and 2018. Objectives. The article aims to identify key trends in the changes in market valuations of the largest public oil and gas companies, and identify the factors that have caused these changes. Methods. For the study, I used comparative, and financial and economic analyses, and generalization of materials of the companies' consolidated financial statements. Results. The article shows certain changes in the main indicators of market valuation of the leading public oil and gas companies and identifies the main factors that contributed to these changes. It establishes that the most significant for comparison and valuation are ratios based on balance sheet values of assets and equity, and EBITDA, DACF and net income ratios are appropriate as auxiliary ratios. The article says that the exchange segment of the industry has increased the debt load, so instead of market capitalization as a component of the coefficients of this group, it is advisable to apply the company's value indicator. Conclusions and Relevance. The article concludes that the market sentiments towards the stock market segment of the global oil and gas industry are getting impaired. This is quite natural against the background of falling profitability of most leading companies. The results of the study can be useful in evaluating, forecasting and developing measures to increase the market capitalization and value of public oil and gas companies.

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