An Evaluation of the Effect that Motions at the Nacelle have on the Cost of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Taboada ◽  
Alvaro Ortega ◽  
Rafael Martín ◽  
Albino Pombo ◽  
Jaime Moreu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals A Feedback Control Loop Optimisation Methodology for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joannes Olondriz ◽  
Josu Jugo ◽  
Iker Elorza ◽  
Santiago Alonso-Quesada ◽  
Aron Pujana-Arrese
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Turbine System ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
The Cost

Wind turbines usually present several feedback control loops to improve or counteract some specific performance or behaviour of the system. It is common to find these multiple feedback control loops in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines where the system perferformance is highly influenced by the platform dynamics. This is the case of the Aerodynamic Platform Stabiliser and Wave Rejection feedback control loops which are complementaries to the conventional generator speed PI control loop when it is working in an above rated wind speed region. The multiple feedback control loops sometimes can be tedious to manually improve the initial tuning. Therefore, this article presents a novel optimisation methodology based on the Monte Carlo method to automatically improve the manually tuned multiple feedback control loops. Damage Equivalent Loads are quantified for minimising the cost function and automatically update the control parameters. The preliminary results presented here show the potential of this novel optimisation methodology to improve the mechanical fatigue loads of the desired components whereas maintaining the overall performance of the wind turbine system. This methodology provides a good balance between the computational complexity and result effectiveness. The study is carried out with the fully coupled non-linear NREL 5-MW wind turbine model mounted on the ITI Energy’s barge and the FASTv8 code.

Pitch Angle Control of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines by H∞ Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 1096-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tsujimoto ◽  
Ségolène Dessort ◽  
Naoyuki Hara ◽  
Keiji Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

scholarly journals Impact of Typhoons on Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: A Case Study of Typhoon Mangkhut

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Jiawen Li ◽  
Jingyu Bian ◽  
Yuxiang Ma ◽  
Yichen Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Motion Response ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Coupling Motion

A typhoon is a restrictive factor in the development of floating wind power in China. However, the influences of multistage typhoon wind and waves on offshore wind turbines have not yet been studied. Based on Typhoon Mangkhut, in this study, the characteristics of the motion response and structural loads of an offshore wind turbine are investigated during the travel process. For this purpose, a framework is established and verified for investigating the typhoon-induced effects of offshore wind turbines, including a multistage typhoon wave field and a coupled dynamic model of offshore wind turbines. On this basis, the motion response and structural loads of different stages are calculated and analyzed systematically. The results show that the maximum response does not exactly correspond to the maximum wave or wind stage. Considering only the maximum wave height or wind speed may underestimate the motion response during the traveling process of the typhoon, which has problems in guiding the anti-typhoon design of offshore wind turbines. In addition, the coupling motion between the floating foundation and turbine should be considered in the safety evaluation of the floating offshore wind turbine under typhoon conditions.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis on the Use of Oscillating Water Column in Barge-Based Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Payam Aboutalebi ◽  
Fares M’zoughi ◽  
Izaskun Garrido ◽  
Aitor J. Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Water Columns ◽  
Numerical Tools ◽  
Oscillating Water Columns ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Waves

Undesired motions in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWT) lead to reduction of system efficiency, the system’s lifespan, wind and wave energy mitigation and increment of stress on the system and maintenance costs. In this article, a new barge platform structure for a FOWT has been proposed with the objective of reducing these undesired platform motions. The newly proposed barge structure aims to reduce the tower displacements and platform’s oscillations, particularly in rotational movements. This is achieved by installing Oscillating Water Columns (OWC) within the barge to oppose the oscillatory motion of the waves. Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) is used to predict the motions of the system exposed to different wave frequencies. From the RAOs analysis, the system’s performance has been evaluated for representative regular wave periods. Simulations using numerical tools show the positive impact of the added OWCs on the system’s stability. The results prove that the proposed platform presents better performance by decreasing the oscillations for the given range of wave frequencies, compared to the traditional barge platform.

Open-Loop Control Co-Design of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Using Linear Parameter-Varying Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athul K. Sundarrajan ◽  
Yong Hoon Lee ◽  
James T. Allison ◽  
Daniel R. Herber
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Linear Parameter ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Linear Parameter Varying ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Parameter Varying ◽  
And Control

Abstract This paper discusses a framework to design elements of the plant and control systems for floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) in an integrated manner using linear parameter-varying models. Multiple linearized models derived from high-fidelity software are used to model the system in different operating regions characterized by the incoming wind speed. The combined model is then used to generate open-loop optimal control trajectories as part of a nested control co-design strategy that explores the system’s stability and power production in the context of crucial plant and control design decisions. A cost model is developed for the FOWT system, and the effect of plant decisions and subsequent power and stability response of the FOWT is quantified in terms of the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for that system. The results show that the stability constraints and the plant design decisions affect the turbine’s power and, subsequently, LCOE of the system. The results indicate that a lighter plant in terms of mass can produce the same power for a lower LCOE while still satisfying the constraints.

Software-in-the-Loop Combined Machine Learning for Dynamic Responses Analysis of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Chen ◽  
Changhong Hu ◽  
Zhiqiang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Brute Force Method

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) brings a new solution to overcome the challenges of Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) to better predict the dynamic responses with intelligent strategies. A new AI-based software-in-the-loop method, named SADA is introduced in this paper for the prediction of dynamic responses of FOWTs, which is proposed based on an in-house programme DARwind. DARwind is a coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic in-house program for FOWTs, and a reinforcement learning method with exhaust algorithm and deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) are embedded in DARwind as an AI module. Firstly, the methodology is introduced with the selection of Key Disciplinary Parameters (KDPs). Secondly, Brute-force Method and DDPG algorithms are adopted to changes the KDPs’ values according to the feedback of 6DOF motions of Hywind Spar-type platform through comparing the DARwind simulation results and those of basin experimental data. Therefore, many other dynamic responses that cannot be measured in basin experiment can be predicted in good accuracy with SADA method. Finally, the case study of SADA method was conducted and the results demonstrated that the mean values of the platform’s motions can be predicted with higher accuracy. This proposed SADA method takes advantage of numerical-experimental method, basin experimental data and the machine learning technology, which brings a new and promising solution for overcoming the handicap impeding direct use of conventional basin experimental way to analyze FOWT’s dynamic responses during the design phase.

Studying the Potential of a Novel Multiple-Generator Drivetrain in Wind Energy Conversion Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Goudarzi ◽  
W. D. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Switch Mechanism ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operational Range

A novel multiple generator drivetrain (MGD), where a single large generator in a wind turbine is replaced by multiple generators with the same or different rated powers, is proposed along with an automatic switch mechanism as an alternative to an existing MGD. To better understand the advantages and disadvantages of having a MGD in onshore/offshore wind turbines, a MGD with a single or double stage gearbox and multiple generators is compared with a conventional drivetrain with a triple-stage gearbox and a large induction generator. A simple mathematical model for a MGD with an automatic switch is developed, a novel prototype of a MGD is designed and fabricated, and experiments are conducted on the prototype. It is concluded that a multiple-generator drivetrain with generators operating individually or in parallel through an automatic switch mechanism has a better potential of improving the efficiency and the reliability, expanding the operational range, and reducing the cost of offshore and onshore wind turbines than the existing MGD configuration.

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