Resolving the Un-Delimited Arctic Boundary Between Canada and the United States in the Beaufort Sea by Using a Law-and-Science Approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Bekker ◽  
Robert van de Poll
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Approach ◽  
Law And Science

scholarly journals Unlocking the Arctic’s Resources Equitably: Using a Law-and-Science Approach to Fix the Beaufort Sea Boundary

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-200
Author(s):  
Pieter Bekker ◽  
Robert van de Poll
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Law ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
International Courts ◽  
Maritime Boundary ◽  
Science Approach ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Law And Science

Abstract This article analyses the unresolved maritime boundary situated in Arctic waters in the Beaufort Sea, between Canada and the United States through an integrated law-and-science approach incorporating new imagery technology. Resolving the Canada-United States disagreement over the Beaufort Sea boundary based on modern geo-scientific technology and the three-step delimitation methodology developed in the jurisprudence of international courts and tribunals could serve as a catalyst for the peaceful and equitable resolution of all other unresolved boundaries in the Arctic Ocean. This includes the boundaries involving Russia, which can claim more than 40 per cent of the Arctic shoreline. Given that the United States is not a party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, this article focuses on mechanisms available to Canada and the United States under general international law and by applying ‘best law’ and ‘best science’.

scholarly journals Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska–Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5053 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-285
Author(s):  
MILTON S. LOVE ◽  
JOSEPH J. BIZZARRO ◽  
A. MARIA CORNTHWAITE ◽  
BENJAMIN W. FRABLE ◽  
KATHERINE P. MASLENIKOV
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nonnative Species ◽  
Estuarine Waters ◽  
Estuarine Fishes ◽  
Depth Ranges

This paper is a checklist of the fishes that have been documented, through both published and unpublished sources, in marine and estuarine waters, and out 200 miles, from the United States-Canadian border on the Beaufort Sea to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. A minimum of 241 families and 1,644 species are known within this range, including both native and nonnative species. For each of these species, we include maximum size, geographic and depth ranges, whether it is native or nonnative, as well as a brief mention of any taxonomic issues.  

A COMPARISON OF TWO APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING CONSUMER OPINIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald D. Titchener ◽  
Stephen G. Sapp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Science Approach ◽  
Sociocultural Approach

Two approaches to risk communication about complex and controversial technology are compared through analysis of responses to a nationwide survey of 2,070 consumers conducted in the United States. Results indicate that key components of the cognitive science approach, which emphasizes the importance of information exchange, and the sociocultural approach, which emphasizes the importance of trust and perceived ethical legitimacy, complement one another as determinants of consumer opinion formation regarding complex and controversial technology. Implications for risk communication approaches regarding biotechnology are described.

Optimizing nature: Invoking the “natural” in the struggle over water fluoridation

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-539
Author(s):  
Frank Zelko
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Science Approach ◽  
Ontological Turn ◽  
Disposal Problem

For the past seventy years, a host of scientific and public health bodies in the United States have strongly endorsed the practice of adding fluoride compounds to public water supplies as a prophylactic against dental caries. Throughout that period, a constant undercurrent of skepticism and outright opposition has slowed the adoption of the practice in the United States and limited its spread to just a handful of countries around the world. One of the attractions of water fluoridation is its affordability: the fluoride compounds are sourced from the phosphate and aluminum industries, for whom they would otherwise constitute an annoying toxic waste disposal problem. Despite this, proponents have nonetheless succeeded in shaping a narrative that casts fluoridation as “natural” or at least mimicking nature. I demonstrate how fluoridationists were able to persuasively argue that adding a pollutant to the water supply was safe and natural. In the process, I examine how environmental historians and historians of science approach topics such as fluoridation. I suggest that as a result of the influence of science and technology studies and an ontological turn toward hybridity, the two subdisciplines are becoming increasingly convergent.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

Digital image acquisition, processing, and analysis in a polymer microscopy laboratory

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Berry ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Image

In recent years it became apparent that we needed to improve productivity and efficiency in the Microscopy Laboratories in GE Plastics. It was realized that digital image acquisition, archiving, processing, analysis, and transmission over a network would be the best way to achieve this goal. Also, the capabilities of quantitative image analysis, image transmission etc. available with this approach would help us to increase our efficiency. Although the advantages of digital image acquisition, processing, archiving, etc. have been described and are being practiced in many SEM, laboratories, they have not been generally applied in microscopy laboratories (TEM, Optical, SEM and others) and impact on increased productivity has not been yet exploited as well.In order to attain our objective we have acquired a SEMICAPS imaging workstation for each of the GE Plastic sites in the United States. We have integrated the workstation with the microscopes and their peripherals as shown in Figure 1.

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