Study of the Effect of Condensate Tie-back on Wax Deposition in an Indonesian Offshore Crude Oil Pipeline

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Singh ◽  
H. Lee ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
C. Sarica
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Oil Pipeline

scholarly journals Safety Study on Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Pipeline

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1572
Author(s):  
Bin Yao ◽  
Deyin Zhao ◽  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Cheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Cloud Point ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Wax Precipitation ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics

The Shunbei crude oil pipeline is prepared to use the unheated transportation process to transport waxy crudes. However, the wax formation in the pipeline is unknown. In order to predict the wax deposition of the pipeline, the physical property experiment of Shunbei crude oil was carried out through field sampling. The density, freezing point, hydrocarbon composition, and viscosity–temperature characteristics of crude oil are obtained. The cloud point and wax precipitation characteristics of the crude oil were obtained using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal analysis method. Then, the wax deposition rate of the pipeline was predicted by two methods: OLGA software and wax deposition kinetic model. Finally, the optimal pigging cycle of the pipeline was calculated on this basis. The results show that: Shunbei crude oil is a light crude oil with low wax content, a low freezing point, and a high cloud point. Comparing the OLGA simulation results with the calculation results of the Huang Qiyu model, the development trend of wax deposition along the pipeline was the same under different working conditions. The relative error of the maximum wax layer thickness was 6%, proving that it is feasible for OLGA to simulate wax deposition in long-distance crude oil pipelines. Affected by the wax precipitation characteristics of Shunbei crude oil, there was a peak of wax precipitation between the pipeline section where crude oil temperature was 9.31–13.31 °C and the recommended pigging cycle at the lowest throughput was 34 days in winter and 51 days in spring and autumn.

Study of Wax Deposition Rate in Waxy Crude Oil Pipeline

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Lin Cheng ◽  
Xu Xu Wang ◽  
Xian Li Li ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Ling De Meng
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Waxy Crude ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Deposition Tendency

In waxy crude oil transportation process, wax crystals start to precipitate as the oil temperature drops to wax appearance point, and then form a network structure gradually which attaches to the wall. The problem of wax deposition seriously affects the normal operation of pipeline. Based on the wax deposition tendency coefficient method, combined with experimental data, the parameters related to wax deposition tendency coefficient is fitted, and the wax deposition rate equation of crude oil is determined finally. The variation law of wax deposition rate along the pipeline is analyzed, and the influence of different seasons and different throughput the on wax deposition rate is discussed subsequently.

Prediction of Wax Deposition in an Insulation Crude Oil Pipeline

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 1499-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hu ◽  
M. Wu ◽  
K. Hu ◽  
J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Oil Pipeline

A Model for Predicting the Average Hydraulic Wax Deposition Thickness of a Long-Term Unpigged Crude Pipeline

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Miao ◽  
Baoliang Jiang ◽  
Jianghua Tao ◽  
Sen Hu ◽  
Jianjun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Deposition Thickness ◽  
Northeast Of China ◽  
Statistical Results

A crude oil pipeline transporting Daqing crude in the Northeast of China had not been carried out pigging for four years. The wax deposition in it increased gradually over past four years. In this paper, from the operation data of the pipeline among the four years, the average hydraulic wax deposition thicknesses are calculated and analyzed statistically. Based on the results, the increment of the wax deposition in the long-term unpigged crude oil pipeline is concluded qualitatively and so a mathematical model for predicting the average hydraulic wax deposition thickness of such a pipeline is created. The physical meanings of the coefficients in the model are explained in the paper. Also, as an example for showing how to use this model, the statistical results on certain section of the pipeline are selected and the determination for the coefficients is introduced in detail.

scholarly journals Experimental and theoretical study on wax deposition and the application on a heat insulated crude oil pipeline in Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Sun ◽  
Zuoliang Zhu ◽  
Zhiyong Hu ◽  
Ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Waxy Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Wax Content

An experimental loop apparatus of heat insulated waxy crude oil pipeline was established to study the wax deposition behaviors. The effects of flow rate and ambient temperature on the thickness and wax content of deposition layer were investigated. A kinetic calculation model for the thickness and wax content of deposition layer in heat insulated crude oil pipeline was established based on the principle of molecular diffusion, aging and shear energy. The results calculated by the model are in good agreement with the experimental values. The wax deposition thickness of a heat insulated crude oil pipeline in different seasons and operation time in Northeast China was predicted according to the theoretical model, which was anticipated that can provide a scientific basis for formulating the wax removal cycle of the pipeline. The predicted results showed that the thickness of the wax deposition layer increases first and then decreases along the pipeline.

scholarly journals Prediction Method of Wax Deposition Rate in Crude Oil Pipeline Based on RBF Neural Network and Support Vector Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Zhang Yu ◽  
Wang Ruoyu ◽  
Wang Xue
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Rbf Neural Network ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Finite Samples

Wax-bearing crude oil will precipitate wax crystals in pipeline transportation, which will cause hidden dangers and affect the economic benefits of the pipeline. In order to study the complex wax deposition on the pipe wall and calculate the wax deposition under other conditions, this paper uses RBF neural network and support vector machine to predict the wax deposition data in Huachi operation area. The results show that the errors of the two methods meet the requirements. Because support vector machine can model and calculate finite samples, it is found that the accuracy of support vector machine is higher.

scholarly journals A review on wax deposition issue and its impact on the operational factors in the crude oil pipeline

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elganidi ◽  
Basem Elarbe ◽  
Norida Ridzuan ◽  
Norhayati Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Temperature Differential ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Wall

The deposition of wax is a common occurrence affecting the flowability of crude oil, which happens at a temperature beneath the Wax Appearance Temperature. At this threshold, there is a gradual accumulation of crystals wax on the inner surface of pipelines. In this research, the previous studies on the effects of residence time, pressure, flow rate, crude oil composition, and temperature differential were carefully enumerated. On the overall, the differential temperature across the pipeline wall and crude oil inside it were considered as the most critical factor contributing to wax deposition. The result from different studies had argued out the effect of significant temperature differential as a leading cause of wax deposition reduction. Also, there is conflict among many researchers on whether the flow rate could result in a reduction in the amount and thickness of deposited wax. However, the wax deposition increases with an increasing resident time up to a particular time, after which the wax deposition experiences a downward trend. On the contrary, most researchers indicated that pressure is not a significant factor of wax deposition, but the conclusion that obtained through this research shows the opposite. Despite these, additional works are required in acquiring substantial results for more accurate as compared with the real-life crude oil flow in the pipeline.

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