Using community science to explore the spatial distribution of the daylily gall midge (Cecidomyiidae) in Canada’s Maritimes region

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alicia S.M.A. Cattiaux ◽  
Heather J. Caseley ◽  
Katherine L. Rutherford ◽  
Paul Manning
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Community Science

Abstract The daylily gall midge, Contarinia quinquenotata (Loew) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an ornamental pest of daylilies, Hemerocallis spp. Linneas (Asphodelaceae). Originally native to Asia, this pest was accidentally introduced to western North America, and it is believed to occur throughout other parts of North America even though its presence has not been confirmed. Using an online survey of gardeners across Canada’s “Maritimes” (the region that includes the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island), we determined that symptoms of the pest occurred at multiple sites across Nova Scotia, but we received no reports from Prince Edward Island or New Brunswick. Sequencing the cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene of the samples submitted by community scientists, we confirmed the daylily gall midge occurs at multiple sites across Nova Scotia. A common garden study that included 517 daylily varieties found that yellow-flowering varieties were almost twice as likely to be affected as nonyellow varieties. Early-flowering varieties were more likely to be attacked than later-flowering varieties. For each day that the date at first flowering was delayed, the likelihood of gall midge attack decreased by 16%. To avoid or mitigate damage where the daylily gall midge occurs, selecting late-flowering varieties with nonyellow flowers can be a useful complement to destructing infested flower buds.

Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 690-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Majka ◽  
Patrice Bouchard ◽  
Yves Bousquet
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Trophic Group ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe Tenebrionidae of the Maritime Provinces of Canada are surveyed. Forty-eight species have been reported from the region. Eleven of these species (ten Palearctic and one Nearctic) have been introduced to the region, five of which are apparently now extirpated. Dates of first detection of these species are provided for each province and North America. Thirteen species are newly recorded in New Brunswick, 25 in Nova Scotia, and 15 on Prince Edward Island, for a total of 53 new provincial records. Of these, 18 species including Bolitophagus corticola Say, Neatus tenebrioides (Palisot de Beauvois), Helops gracilis Bland, Blapstinus substriatus Champion, Hymenorus obesus Casey, Hymenorus picipennis Casey, Hymenorus pilosus (Melsheimer), Mycetochara bicolor (Couper), Mycetochara binotata (Say), Mycetochara fraterna (Say), Platydema excavatum (Say), Platydema teleops Triplehorn, Corticeus praetermissus (Fall), Alobates pennsylvanicus (DeGeer), Haplandrus fulvipes (Herbst), Xylopinus saperdioides (Olivier), an undescribed species of Paratenetus Spinola, and an undescribed species of Neatus LeConte are newly recorded for the Maritime Provinces as a whole. One of these, Helops gracilis, is recorded for the first time in Canada. The fauna is discussed from the perspective of the patterns of distribution of species in the region and their possible underlying causes. Island faunas are discussed, as is the saproxylic component of the fauna, with a brief consideration of the importance of this trophic group in the dynamics of forest ecosystems in the region.

Didymascella thujina. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Natural Stands

Abstract A description is provided for Didymascella thujina. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: 'Keithia disease' or 'cedar leaf blight'. HOSTS: Leaves of Thuja occidentalis, T. plicata. Occurring on T. plicata throughout its range in western North America, and widespread in North America on T. occidentalis, apparently confined to these two hosts, fide Pawsey (1958). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Austria, Belgium, Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), Denmark, Eire, Netherlands, Norway, UK (England, Scotland, Wales), USA (Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin). Unsuccessful searches on introduced plants in Chile and Ukraine. With the introduction of resistant varieties of its host, this fungus is becoming less common in planted forests and on hedge trees, though it is still generally abundant in natural stands of its hosts. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in humid conditions.

Records of adventive aleocharine beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) found in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Klimaszewski ◽  
Volker Assing ◽  
Christopher G. Majka ◽  
Georges Pelletier ◽  
Reginald P. Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
First Time

AbstractEight additional adventive aleocharine beetles, native to the Palaearctic region, are reported from Canada, five of them for the first time. They belong to three tribes: Crataraea suturalis (Mannerheim) (Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan, British Columbia) and “Meotica pallens (Redtenbacher)” (Ontario, British Columbia) belong to Oxypodini; Atheta (Chaetida) longicornis (Gravenhorst) (Nova Scotia, Quebec), Atheta (Thinobaena) vestita (Gravenhorst) (New Brunswick), Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz) (Alberta), Dinaraea angustula (Gyllenhal) (Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Alberta), and Nehemitropia lividipennis (Mannerheim) (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario) belong to Athetini; and Homalota plana (Gyllenhal) (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick) belongs to Homalotini. These species have likely been introduced into Canada from Europe by various anthropogenic activities, and their bionomics and possible modes of introduction are discussed. For each species, a short diagnosis and habitus and genital images are provided to assist with identification. The habitus and genital images are presented here for the first time for these species in North America. New United States records are not included in the abstract.

Hypoxylon mammatum. [Distribution map].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Channel Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Hypoxylon Mammatum ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hypoxylon mammatum (Wahl.) Miller. Hosts: Aspen and poplar (Populus) spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, USSR, Novosibirsk, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Europe, Czechoslovakia, Italy, UK, Channel Islands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, USA.

Acleris variana. [Distribution map].

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Acleris variana (Fernald) Lepidoptera: Tortricidae Black-headed budworm. Attacks Abies, Larix, Picea, Pseudotsuga, Tsuga Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, USA, Connecticut, Maine, New York.

scholarly journals THE COCCIDÆ OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA

1901 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 179-180
Author(s):  
Geo. B. King
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
British North America ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Interesting Species

The following list of the Coccidæ found to inhabit Canada is complete, so far as the published records show, together with some other information derived from corresponding with Prof. Cockerell, Dr. Fletcher, and Mr. John Dearness. Much, however, has been obtained from material sent to me for identification. In reviewing the list it will be seen that Ontario has 25 species of Coccids credited to her; while Ottawa has 18; Toronto, 6; Quebec, 3; Prince Edward Island, 3; Nova Scotia, 4; New Brunswick, 2; and British Columbia, 6. One has been found in an ants' nest, 8 in greenhouses, and there have been 8 new species described from Canada. There are 46 species, 27 of which are native to North America, 14 are introduced, and 4 whose home is unknown, but which were probably introduced. The large majority of the species have been found by Dr. Fletcher, or at least have passed through his hands. Much credit, however, is due Mr. John Dearness, who has taken great interest in looking for these very injurious insects, and has sent me several very interesting species.

CHAETOCNEMA CONCINNA (MARSHAM, 1802), A EUROPEAN FLEA BEETLE INTRODUCED IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: ALTICINAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Laurent Lesage
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
First Time

AbstractChaetocnema concinna (Marsham, 1802), a European flea beetle, is reported for the first time from Canada. Preliminary collection data indicate that it may feed on the same host plants as in Europe. It has been collected to date in Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and Maine.

scholarly journals Limited Genetic Diversity in North American Isolates of Phytophthora erythroseptica Pathogenic to Potato Based on RAPD Analysis

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick D. Peters ◽  
Rod J. Clark ◽  
Albert D. Coffin ◽  
Antony V. Sturz ◽  
David H. Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Phytophthora Erythroseptica

Pink rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum), caused by Phytophthora erythroseptica, is found wherever potatoes are grown, and in the last decade, it has reemerged as an economically important disease in Canada and the United States. A selection of isolates of P. erythroseptica from major potato-growing regions in North America, namely Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, Canada, and Maine and Idaho, U.S.A., was assessed for genetic diversity with randomly chosen decanucleotide primers which were used to amplify regions of DNA to reveal polymorphisms among templates (random amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD]). The isolates varied in their geographic origin as well as in their sensitivity to mefenoxam, as determined by an in vitro assay. In three separate RAPD screens (I, II, and III) with 23 isolates of P. erythroseptica chosen from a larger collection, 1,410, 369, and 316 robust, scorable bands were amplified, respectively. However, among the bands amplified in screens I, II, and III, only 3, 1, and 3 bands, respectively, were polymorphic. When three primers yielding polymorphisms were used to screen 106 isolates from Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, or a representative collection of 32 isolates from Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Maine, and Idaho, no major variation was discovered. RAPD markers were not correlated with geographic origin or mefenoxam sensitivity of the isolates. From an evolutionary standpoint, the absence of genetic diversity among the isolates of P. erythroseptica we examined may be attributable to the relatively recent introduction of a small founding population of the pathogen in North America.

PREDATION BY INSECTS AND SPIDERS INHABITING COLONIAL WEBS OF HYPHANTRIA CUNEA

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1197-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Population Density ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Numerical Response ◽  
Initial Number ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe number of predators inhabiting nests of Hyphantria cunea Drury was recorded annually for 13 years in four areas in New Brunswick and two areas on the coast of Nova Scotia. The most common groups were the pentatomids and spiders, which sometimes reproduced within the nests, but the mean number per nest was low in relation to the number of H. cunea larvae in the colonies. The rate of predation on fifth-instar larvae was low. Small or timid predators appeared to prey largely on moribund larvae or small saprophagans during the principal defoliating instars of H. cunea.No relationship could be detected between the number of larvae reaching the fifth instar and the number of predators in the colony; nor could any functional or numerical response of the predators to either the initial number of larvae per colony or the population density of colonies be found. It is concluded that the influence of the nest-inhabiting predators is small and relatively stable, and may be treated as a constant in the development of models to explain the population dynamics of H. cunea.H. cunea is a pest in parts of Europe and Asia, where it has been accidentally introduced from North America. The introduction to other continents of the North American predator, Podisus maculiventiis (Say), is discussed briefly.

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