Pan trapping in habitats supporting Platanthera (Orchidaceae) shows little difference in insect family-level diversity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Genevieve E. van der Voort ◽  
Manu E. Saunders ◽  
Jasmine K. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Yellow Traps ◽  
Pan Traps

Abstract The role of insects as pollinators within plant communities is well established, yet our knowledge of insect biodiversity in many habitats is lacking. Given the growing concern that insect biodiversity is declining, it is increasingly important to document insect assemblages from a wide range of geographic locations and habitats. Pan trapping is a common means of sampling local insect diversity. Many studies have found different insects associated with different-coloured pan traps. Here, eight different-coloured pan traps were used to sample local insect diversity in habitats supporting Platanthera (bog and rein) orchids on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. A total of 16 sites supporting seven orchid species resulted in 435 insects from 53 families being caught over 64.9 hours of pan trapping. Both Shannon and Simpson diversity index values were low despite sampling in markedly different habitats. Yellow traps caught higher numbers of insects, but no statistical difference was found among colours overall. No activity indicating pollination was recorded from a total of 254 insect observations over 21.5 hours. Our results contribute important baseline data on the diversity and behaviour of insect communities in orchid habitats of Vancouver Island and on the use of pan traps to characterise insect communities.

scholarly journals Keragaman Serangga di Pola Pertanaman Tumpang Sari Kedelai-Titonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Putri Mustika Sari ◽  
Adriansyah Yoesoep ◽  
Lisdayani Lisdayani
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Piezodorus Guildinii ◽  
Sweep Net

<p>Plants that have a wide range of insect presence, decreased insect diversity and abundance were so few consequenced because the absence of one insect species can be replaced by the presence of another. The bad consequences that occur are the types of plants that have specific insect specificities because the absence of these insects will cause the failure of plant pollination and will directly cause a decrease in crop production. This study aimed to determine the diversity of insect species that come in the soybean-tithonia intercropping. The method was used direct observation in tithonia-soybean intercropping, took insects using a sweep net in the morning. The results showed that there were 15 types of insects identified, namely <em>Epilachna</em> sp.; <em>Coccinella</em> <em>sexmaculata</em>; <em>Coccinella</em> <em>transveralis</em>; <em>Verania lineata; Ropalidia fasciata; Priocnemis</em> sp.; <em>Naupactus leucoloma; Piezodorus guildinii</em>; <em>Bemicia</em> <em>tabaci; Agromyza phaseoli; Spodoptera</em> sp.; <em>Nezara viridula; Paederus fusipes; Hylaeus</em> sp.; and <em>Trigona</em> sp. The range of results of the calculation of the diversity index showed that the five treatments in intercropping plants had the same abundance. So it was needed to calculate the highest diversity index value or maximum H expressed in Ln S. The maximum H value in this study is 2.708, which is a measure of moderate species diversity (1&lt;H’&lt;3).</p>

scholarly journals Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Yeo ◽  
Amrita Srivathsan ◽  
Jayanthi Puniamoorthy ◽  
Foo Maosheng ◽  
Patrick Grootaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Freshwater Swamp ◽  
Threatened Habitat

Abstract Background The world’s fast disappearing mangrove forests have low plant diversity and are often assumed to also have a species-poor insect fauna. We here compare the tropical arthropod fauna across a freshwater swamp and six different forest types (rain-, swamp, dry-coastal, urban, freshwater swamp, mangroves) based on 140,000 barcoded specimens belonging to ca. 8500 species. Results We find that the globally imperiled habitat “mangroves” is an overlooked hotspot for insect diversity. Our study reveals a species-rich mangrove insect fauna (>3000 species in Singapore alone) that is distinct (>50% of species are mangrove-specific) and has high species turnover across Southeast and East Asia. For most habitats, plant diversity is a good predictor of insect diversity, but mangroves are an exception and compensate for a comparatively low number of phytophagous and fungivorous insect species by supporting an unusually rich community of predators whose larvae feed in the productive mudflats. For the remaining tropical habitats, the insect communities have diversity patterns that are largely congruent across guilds. Conclusions The discovery of such a sizeable and distinct insect fauna in a globally threatened habitat underlines how little is known about global insect biodiversity. We here show how such knowledge gaps can be closed quickly with new cost-effective NGS barcoding techniques.

scholarly journals Diversity of Insects in Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L) Plantations at Various Altitudes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Pebi Nurhandani ◽  
Marheni ◽  
Irda Safni ◽  
Setia Sari Girsang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Plant Pests ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
North Sumatra

Recently the improvement of shallot seed quality using true shallot seed has been developed. This research was aimed to know diversity of insects and the role of insects on the cultivation of shallot seeds in various altitudes. This research was conducted in three different districts (Deli Serdang, Simalungun and Toba Samosir districts) in Plant Pests and Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan from July 2017 until January 2018. This research used four different insect traps (sweep net, pitfall trap, hand picking, and yellow trap), and repeated for six times. The results showed that insects caught on shallot farmings in Balige highland were 11 orders and 31 families with the highest relative density value was 22.5% and the lowest relative density was 0.35%. The value of insect diversity index of Shannon-Weiner (H') on shallot farming in Balige was 2.72 (moderate) and the value of insect evenness index (E) was 0.71 (high). The insects caught on shallot farming in Pematang Siantar middleland were 11 orders and 22 families with the highest relative density value was 28.7% and the lowest relative density was 0.35%. The value of insect diversity index of Shannon-Weiner (H') on shallot farming in Pematang Siantar 2.42 (moderate) and the value of insect evenness index (E) was 0.71 (high), and on shallot plantations at Lubuk Pakam lowland were 10 orders and 21 families with the highest relative density value was 24.7% and the lowest relative density 0.39%. The value of insect diversity index of Shannon-Weiner (H') was 2.32(moderate) and the value of insect evenness index (E) was 0.85 (high).

scholarly journals Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Yeo ◽  
Amrita Srivathsan ◽  
Jayanthi Puniamoorthy ◽  
Foo Maosheng ◽  
Patrick Grootaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Freshwater Swamp ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Threatened Habitat

AbstractWe here compare the tropical arthropod fauna across a freshwater swamp and six different forest types (rain-, swamp, dry-coastal, urban, freshwater swamp, mangroves) based on 140,000 specimens belonging to ca. 8,500 species. Surprisingly, we find that mangroves, a globally imperiled habitat that had been expected to be species-poor for insects, are an overlooked hotspot for insect diversity despite having low plant diversity. Mangroves are very species-rich (>3,000 species) and distinct (>50% of species are mangrove-specific) with high species turnover across Southeast and East Asia. Overall, plant diversity is a good predictor for insect diversity for most habitats, but mangroves compensate for the low number of phytophagous and fungivorous species by supporting an unusually rich community of predators whose larvae feed in the productive mudflats. For the remaining habitats, the insect communities have diversity patterns that are largely congruent across guilds. The discovery of such a sizeable and distinct insect fauna in a globally threatened habitat underlines how little is known about global insect biodiversity.

scholarly journals PERAN REFUGIA SEBAGAI MEDIA KONSERVASI ARTHROPODA DI LAHAN PADI DESA DELIKSUMBER

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Ari Wijayanti ◽  
Wiwin Windriyanti ◽  
Noni Rahmadhini
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Yellow Traps ◽  
Richness Index

Rice is basic neet for Indonesia people. East Java experienced decrease rice production 2% in 2014, the problem was insect pest. Insecticides are dangerous that replaced use refugia attracting biological agens. Purpose of the research to discover the role of refugia as conservation medium in suppressing pets attacks and increasing the diversity arthropod populations in rice fields.  This study uses a direct insect sampling method and uses traps such as sweep nets, yellow traps, pitfall traps and light traps. Identification of insects using an introduction to the study insect and iNaturalist. Analysis of the observational data quantitatively by calculating the species diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), Richness index (R) and dominance index (C) then tabulated using excel. observations indicate the number of insects found on land A (rice with refugia) was 5661 individuals consisting of 12 ordo, 61 family and 94 species. Meanwhile on land B (rice without refugia) was 3,198 individuals consisting of 11 ordo, 43 family and 56 species. Refugia affected the population of biological agens more on land A was 2707 individuals than on land B was 1215 individuals. While the pest population on land A much less as 364 individuals than on land B as 763 individuals. Tabulation from the calculation of the species diversity index as 0.142 and 0.118, the species evenness index as 0.030  and 0.025, the dominance index of 0.0004 and 0.0013 is classified as low, while the species richness index of 10.76 and 6.82 is classified as high.

scholarly journals Komposisi Komunitas Serangga Aphidophaga dan Coccidophaga pada Agroekosistem Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis l.) di Kabupaten Garut

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Martua Suhunan Sianipar ◽  
Sri Hartati
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Aphidoletes Aphidimyza ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Yellow Traps ◽  
Curinus Coeruleus ◽  
Coccinella Transversalis

ABSTRACTComposition of Aphidophaga and Coccidophaga Insect Communities on Long Bean Agroecosystem (Vigna sismensis L.) at Garut RegencyThe research about Aphidophaga and Coccidophaga insect composition comunity on long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) agroecosystems was done in the month of April to November 2011 in Haruman Village, Leles District, Garut Regency. Research was conducted in the form of surveys which were done by collecting insects directly and using various traps ie yellow traps board, fitfall traps, and nets swinging. The dominant insect pest that found was Aphis craccivora which causing percentage of damage to the plants ranging from 20% to 90%. Types of aphidophaga and coccidophaga found were belong to the Order of Coleoptera : Family Coccinellidae Menochilus sexmaculatus, Micraspis sp., Harmonia sp., Verania lineata, Curinus coeruleus, Scymnus sp., Coccinella transversalis); the Order of Diptera : Family Syrphidae namely Ischiodon scutellaris; Neuroptera: Family Hemerobiidae; the Order of Diptera : Family Cecidomyiidae Aphidoletes aphidimyza; and there was also Carabidae beetles of the Order Coleoptera with species diversity index wasl relatively low. The highest abundance of predators of coccidophaga and aphidophaga group was dominated by Ischiodon scutellaris and Menochilus sexmaculatus.Key words: Diversity, Abundance, Dominant species, Insect pestsABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai komposisi komunitas serangga aphidophaga dan coccidophaga pada Agroekosistem kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis (L.) telah dilaksanakan pada Bulan April–November 2011 di Desa Haruman Kecamatan Leles Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survei dengan mengoleksi serangga secara langsung, dan menggunakan berbagai perangkap antara lain perangkap papan kuning, fitfall trap, dan jaring ayun. Serangga hama dominan yang ditemukan adalah Aphis craccivora dengan persentase serangan berkisar 20% - 90%. Jenis aphidophaga dan coccidophaga lain yang ditemukan yaitu dari Ordo Coleoptera : Famili Coccinellidae: Menochilus sexmaculatus, Micraspis sp., Harmonia sp., Verania lineata, Curinus coeruleus, Scymnus sp., Coccinella transversalis; Ordo Diptera : Famili Syrphidae yaitu Ischiodon scutellaris; Neuroptera : Famili Hemerobiidae; Ordo Diptera : Famili Cecidomyiidae Aphidoletes aphidimyza; serta terdapat pula kumbang Carabidae dari Ordo Coleoptera dengan indeks keragaman spesies yang masih tergolong rendah. Kelimpahan tertinggi predator dari kelompok aphidophaga dan coccidophaga didominasi oleh spesies Ischiodon scutellaris dan Menochilus sexmaculatus.Kata kunci : Keragaman, Kelimpahan, Spesies dominan, Serangga hama

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

Introduction: Emotion, History and the Arts

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Sullivan ◽  
Marie Louise Herzfeld-Schild
Keyword(s):  
Historical Change ◽  
Carson Mccullers ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Review Section ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
War Correspondents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Johan Huizinga

This introduction surveys the rise of the history of emotions as a field and the role of the arts in such developments. Reflecting on the foundational role of the arts in the early emotion-oriented histories of Johan Huizinga and Jacob Burkhardt, as well as the concerns about methodological impressionism that have sometimes arisen in response to such studies, the introduction considers how intensive engagements with the arts can open up new insights into past emotions while still being historically and theoretically rigorous. Drawing on a wide range of emotionally charged art works from different times and places—including the novels of Carson McCullers and Harriet Beecher-Stowe, the private poetry of neo-Confucian Chinese civil servants, the photojournalism of twentieth-century war correspondents, and music from Igor Stravinsky to the Beatles—the introduction proposes five ways in which art in all its forms contributes to emotional life and consequently to emotional histories: first, by incubating deep emotional experiences that contribute to formations of identity; second, by acting as a place for the expression of private or deviant emotions; third, by functioning as a barometer of wider cultural and attitudinal change; fourth, by serving as an engine of momentous historical change; and fifth, by working as a tool for emotional connection across communities, both within specific time periods but also across them. The introduction finishes by outlining how the special issue's five articles and review section address each of these categories, while also illustrating new methodological possibilities for the field.

Short Films from a Small Nation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Films ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Art And Architecture

The first book-length study in English of a national corpus of state-sponsored informational film, this book traces how Danish shorts on topics including social welfare, industry, art and architecture were commissioned, funded, produced and reviewed from the inter-war period to the 1960s. For three decades, state-sponsored short filmmaking educated Danish citizens, promoted Denmark to the world, and shaped the careers of renowned directors like Carl Th. Dreyer. Examining the life cycle of a representative selection of films, and discussing their preservation and mediation in the digital age, this book presents a detailed case study of how informational cinema is shaped by, and indeed shapes, its cultural, political and technological contexts.The book combines close textual analysis of a broad range of films with detailed accounts of their commissioning, production, distribution and reception in Denmark and abroad, drawing on Actor-Network Theory to emphasise the role of a wide range of entities in these processes. It considers a broad range of genres and sub-genres, including industrial process films, public information films, art films, the city symphony, the essay film, and many more. It also maps international networks of informational and documentary films in the post-war period, and explores the role of informational film in Danish cultural and political history.

Quantitative and Qualitative Methods of Studying the Processes of Socialization of a Modern Teenager

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alekseevna Raschetina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
Making Friends ◽  
Main Support

Relevance and problem statement. Modern unstable society is characterized by narrowing the boundaries of controlled socialization and expanding the boundaries of spontaneous socialization of a teenager based on his immersion in the question arises about the importance of the family in the process of socialization of a teenager in the conditions of expanding the space of socialization. There is a need to study the role of the family in this process, to search, develop and test research methods that allow us to reveal the phenomenon of socialization from the side of its value characteristics. The purpose and methodology of the study: to identify the possibilities of a systematic and anthropological methodology for studying the role of the family in the process of socialization of adolescents in modern conditions, testing research methods: photo research on the topic “Ego – I” (author of the German sociologist H. Abels), profile update reflexive processes (by S. A. Raschetina). Materials and results of the study. The study showed that for all the problems that exist in the family of the perestroika era and in the modern family, it acts for a teenager as a value and the first (main) support in the processes of socialization. The positions well known in psychology about the importance of interpersonal relations in adolescence for the formation of attitudes towards oneself as the basis of socialization are confirmed. Today, the frontiers of making friends have expanded enormously on the basis of Internet communication. The types of activities of interest to a teenager (traditional and new ones related to digitalization) are the third pillar of socialization. Conclusion. The “Ego – I” method of photo research has a wide range of possibilities for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the socialization process to identify the value Pillars of this process.

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