DNA barcoding reveals the Palaearctic species Histeromerus mystacinus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rhyssalinae) in eastern North America

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-498
Author(s):  
Donald L. J. Quicke ◽  
Paul D. N. Hebert ◽  
Buntika A. Butcher
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
Western Palaearctic

AbstractDNA barcode analysis of specimens belonging to the genus Histeromerus Wesmael, 1838 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) reveals the presence of two species in North America. One is identified as H. canadensis Ashmead, 1891, which is widely recorded in North America, while the other is H. mystacinus Wesmael, 1838, a species formerly known only from the western Palaearctic.

On the mN, M Relation for Eastern North American Earthquakes

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail M. Atkinson ◽  
David M. Boore
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Moment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Meaningful Data

Abstract A stochastic model of ground motion has been used as a basis for comparison of data and theoretically-predicted relations between mN (commonly denoted by mbLg) and moment magnitude for eastern North America (ENA) earthquakes. mN magnitudes are recomputed for several historical ENA earthquakes, to ensure consistency of definition and provide a meaningful data set. We show that by itself the magnitude relation cannot be used as a discriminant between two specific spectral scaling relations, one with constant stress and the other with stress increasing with seismic moment, that have been proposed for ENA earthquakes.

North American Devonian Carydiidae (Bivalvia): systematics, phylogeny, and implications in early diversification of the class

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bowman Bailey
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
North American ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
European Family

Although past authors have regarded the Carydiidae as a European family, six species of Carydium are reported here from the Devonian of eastern North America. Two of these belong to a single morphocline common in the Hamilton shales; another (Carydium clarkei) is new. Due to lack of well preserved hinges most of these species were earlier placed in Nucula because serrations or striations on dental elements were mistaken for a taxodont dentition.New data require modification of carydiid phylogenies of earlier authors. 1) Two independent pre-Devonian derivations from Lyrodesma are inferred. 2) Noradonta shergoldi, a carydiid-like lyrodesmatid from the Ordovician of Australia, is recognized as an important phyletic link between the Carydiidae and the Lyrodesmatidae. 3) The previous view of three distinct lineages within Carydium is not supported. Anamorphic data suggest as few as two main lineages and show two of the hinge types to be homeomorphic grades appearing separately or within one or the other of the main lineages.Though too young to be directly involved in the early diversification of the Bivalvia, the actinodont, subheterodont, and pseudotaxodont hinge morphologies of Carydium supply models for the origin of heterodont and taxodont hinges. Anamorphic and other evidence suggests that both are iterative types, and fundamental differences between them may be few. Hence, their preeminence as diagnostic criteria among higher taxa is diminished.

NOTES ON SOME FLORIDA COLEOPTERA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES

1928 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Blatchley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The West ◽  
Southern Florida

My last general paper on Florida Coleoptera was prepared in the autumn of 1924, and appeared in the Canadian Entomologist for July, 1925. Since that was written my time has been largely devoted to the final preparation and publication of the “Heteroptera of Eastern North America.” During the three years which have elapsed I have spent the winters at Dunedin on the west coast of Florida, but have made three additional collecting trips, of three or four weeks each, to Royal Palm Park. One of these was in December, the other two in March and April. This park comprises an area of 4,000 acres lying in extreme southern Florida, about 40 miles northeast of Cape Sable.

scholarly journals North-Western Palaearctic species of Pristiphora (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Prous ◽  
Katja Kramp ◽  
Veli Vikberg ◽  
Andrew Liston
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Western Palaearctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

North-Western Palaearctic species ofPristiphoraLatreille, 1810 are revised. Altogether, 90 species are treated, two of which are described as new:P.caraganaeVikberg & Prous,sp. n.from Finland andP.dedearaListon & Prous,sp. n.from Germany. Host plant ofP.caraganaeisCaraganaarborescensLam.Pristiphoradasiphorae(Zinovjev, 1993) (previously known from East Palaearctic) andP.cadmaWong & Ross, 1960 (previously known from North America) are recorded for the first time from Europe.NematusnigricansEversmann, 1847 [=Pristiphoranigricans(Eversmann, 1847),comb. n.],N.breviusculusEversmann, 1847 [=Euuramelanocephalus(Hartig, 1837)], andN.caudalisEversmann, 1847 [=E.caudalis(Eversmann, 1847),comb. n.] are removed from synonymy withP.pallidiventris(Fallén, 1808),N.paralellusHartig, 1840 [=P.paralella(Hartig, 1840),comb. n.] is removed from synonymy withP.bufo(Brischke, 1883), andP.mesatlanticaLacourt, 1976 is removed from synonymy withP.insularisRohwer, 1910. The following 29 new synonymies are proposed:P.nigropuncticepsHaris, 2002,syn. n.withP.albitibia(Costa, 1859);LygaeonematuskarvoneniLindqvist, 1952,syn. n.withP.alpestris(Konow, 1903); P. (P.) anivskiensis Haris, 2006,syn. n.withP.appendiculata(Hartig, 1837);NematuscanaliculatusHartig, 1840,syn. nwithP.carinata(Hartig, 1837);P.nigrogroenblomiHaris, 2002,syn. n.withP.cinctaNewman, 1837;TenthredoflavipesZetterstedt, 1838,syn. n.,NematuscongenerW.F. Kirby, 1882,syn. n., andP.thomsoniLindqvist, 1953,syn. n.withP.dochmocera(Thomson, 1871);P.atrataLindqvist, 1975,syn. n.withP.friesei(Konow, 1904);P.gelidaWong, 1968,syn. n.withP.frigida(Boheman, 1865);PachynematusnigricorpusTakagi, 1931,syn. n.withP.laricis(Hartig, 1837); Nematus (Pikonema) piceae Zhelochovtsev in Zhelochovtsev and Zinovjev, 1988,syn. n.and P. (P.) hoverlaensis Haris, 2001,syn. n.withP.leucopodia(Hartig, 1837);MesoneuraarcticaLindqvist, 1959,syn. n.,PachynematusincisusLindqvist, 1970,syn. n.,PachynematusintermediusVerzhutskii, 1974,syn. n., andP.mongololaricisHaris, 2003,syn. n.withP.malaisei(Lindqvist, 1952);NematusanderschiZaddach, 1876,syn. n.,P.inocreataKonow, 1902,syn. n., andP.discolorLindqvist, 1975,syn. n.withP.nigricans(Eversmann, 1847);LygaeonematustenuicornisLindqvist, 1955,syn. n.withP.paralella(Hartig, 1840);LygaeonematusconcolorLindqvist, 1952,syn. n.withP.pseudocoactula(Lindqvist, 1952);P.flavipictaLindqvist, 1975,syn. n.,P.flavopleuraHaris, 2002,syn. n.,P.mongoloexiguaHaris, 2002,syn. n., andP.mongolofaustaHaris, 2003,syn. n.withP.punctifrons(Thomson, 1871);P.listoniLacourt, 1998,syn. n.withP.sootryeniLindqvist, 1955;P.gaunitziLindqvist, 1968,syn. n.withP.testacea(Jurine, 1807); andNematusbreviusculusEversmann, 1847,syn. n.withEuuramelanocephalus(Hartig, 1837). The valid name of Pachynematus (Pikonema) carpathiensis Haris, 2001 isNematinuscarpathiensis(Haris, 2001)comb. n.Lectotypes are designated for 43 taxa. An illustrated electronic key made with Lucid and a traditional dichotomous key are provided to facilitate identification of the species. Species belonging to thecarinata(previouslyLygaeotus),micronematica(previouslyLygaeophora), andrufipes(also known asthalictrioraquilegiae) groups are not keyed to the species level, because additional research is needed to delimit the species more reliably in these groups. Phylogeny ofPristiphorais reconstructed based on one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (NaK and TPI) genes. Remarkably, around 50–60% (depending on the exclusion or inclusion of thecarinata,micronematica, andrufipesgroups) of the species cannot be reliably identified based on COI barcodes. Limited data from nuclear genes indicate a better identification potential (about 20% remain problematic).

scholarly journals New records of theropods from the latest Cretaceous of New Jersey and the Maastrichtian Appalachian fauna

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 191206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Doran Brownstein
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
North America ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽  
Postcranial Remains

The faunal changes that occurred in the few million years before the Cretaceous–Palaeogene extinction are of much interest to vertebrate palaeontologists. Western North America preserves arguably the best fossil record from this time, whereas terrestrial vertebrate fossils from the eastern portion of the continent are usually limited to isolated, eroded postcranial remains. Examination of fragmentary specimens from the American east, which was isolated for the majority of the Cretaceous as the landmass Appalachia, is nonetheless important for better understanding dinosaur diversity at the end of the Mesozoic. Here, I report on two theropod teeth from the Mount Laurel Formation, a lower-middle Maastrichtian unit from northeastern North America. One of these preserves in detail the structure of the outer enamel and resembles the dentition of the tyrannosauroid Dryptosaurus aquilunguis among latest Cretaceous forms in being heavily mediolaterally compressed and showing many moderately developed enamel crenulations. Along with previously reported tyrannosauroid material from the Mt Laurel and overlying Cretaceous units, this fossil supports the presence of non-tyrannosaurid tyrannosauroids in the Campanian–Maastrichtian of eastern North America and provides evidence for the hypothesis that the area was still home to relictual vertebrates through the end of the Mesozoic. The other tooth is assignable to a dromaeosaurid and represents both the youngest occurrence of a non-avian maniraptoran in eastern North America and the first from the Maastrichtian reported east of the Mississippi. This tooth, which belonged to a 3–4 m dromaeosaurid based on size comparisons with the teeth of taxa for which skeletons are known, increases the diversity of the Maastrichtian dinosaur fauna of Appalachia. Along with previously reported dromaeosaurid teeth, the Mt Laurel specimen supports the presence of mid-sized to large dromaeosaurids in eastern North America throughout the Cretaceous.

Inter-relationships of the Parasites of the Frit-fly, Oscinella frit (L.), in eastern North America

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
North America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Parasite Complex ◽  
Larval Parasites

Studies are reported on the extent and importance of competition amongst larval and pupal parasites of Oscinella frit.In Ontario, 30–40 per cent. of frit larvae are parasitised by Hexacola in July–August and superparasitism is thus likely. Subsequent attack by Polyscelis may occur, but probably unsuccessfully.Competition between the larval parasites and the pupal ecto-parasites Callitula and Spalangia is generally slight, because the former species is not abundant and the latter tends to select only healthy hosts.Experiments are described to test the inter-relations of the three pupal parasites by exposing puparia of Drosophila melanogaster to two species simultaneously and in sequence.When Callitula and Spalangia are allowed to oviposit simultaneously, the former is more successful when hosts are relatively few, but otherwise the two species are equally successful. When Callitula parasitises puparia recently exposed to Spalangia, equal numbers of the two parasites emerge, but in the reverse experiment Callitula is superior. Callitula is able to parasitise successfully a proportion of puparia already containing Spalangia whatever the age of the latter; mature Spalangia thus attacked are mostly killed.Similar comparisons of Callitula and Spalangia with the endoparasitic Loxotropa show that Loxotropa is inferior to both the others, but that all three show marked avoidance of multiple parasitism.In general, there is little interference between the various species in the parasite complex associated with the frit-fly.The parasite complex associated with the frit-fly appears to be one that is very well balanced, there being little interference between the various species involved. Moreover, when, for any reason, one species does not attain its accustomed degree of parasitism, this is offset by an increase in the numbers of one or more of the other species.

Morphological and molecular delineation of a new species in the Ceratina dupla species-group (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae) of eastern North America

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2873 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANDRA M. REHAN ◽  
CORY S. SHEFFIELD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Group ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
A New Species

DNA barcoding is used to verify characters to morphologically differentiate genetically distinct species of eastern North American small carpenter bees, Ceratina. Here we reveal that the common eastern North American species, Ceratina dupla s. l., is actually three separate species based on fixed differences in DNA barcode sequences and morphological characters. This study adds a new species, C. mikmaqi Rehan & Sheffield, to the Ceratina dupla species-group of eastern North America, and raises another form, C. floridana formerly C. dupla floridana, to full species. Temporal niche partitioning between C. dupla and C. mikmaqi and geographic isolation of C. floridana further support the division of the C. dupla s. l. group into three species. A diagnosis and description of the new species are provided, as is a key for eastern North American species of Ceratina.

Discovery of the genus Claraeola Aczél in Iran with the description of two new species (Diptera: Pipunculidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4227 (4) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEHNAM MOTAMEDINIA ◽  
CHRISTIAN KEHLMAIER ◽  
AZIZOLLAH MOKHTARI ◽  
EHSAN RAKHSHANI ◽  
EBRAHIM GILASIAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Western Palaearctic ◽  
First Time

The genus Claraeola Aczél is recorded from Iran for the first time. Two new species, Claraeola parnianae Motamedinia & Kehlmaier sp. nov. and Claraeola khorshidae Motamedinia & Kehlmaier sp. nov., are described and illustrated. An updated identification key to the Western Palaearctic species of the genus Claraeola is provided. Both species were characterized morphologically and by DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI gene. 

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE LARVAE OF PTEROSTICHUS OHIONIS CSIKI AND P. BLANCHARDI HORN WITH A KEY TO LARVAE OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN PTEROSTICHINI (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE)

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Bousquet
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America

AbstractThe larvae of Pterostichus (Bothriopterus) ohionis Csiki and P. (Gastrellarius) blanchardi Horn are described and compared respectively with the other known larvae of Bothriopterus Chaudoir and Gastrellarius Casey. A key to larvae of 38 species of Pterostichini occurring in eastern North America is presented.

A comparison of the soluble seed proteins of certain Acer species

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1951-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore T. Ziegenfus ◽  
Roy B. Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Double Diffusion ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
High Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Low Protein

Seed proteins of seven taxa of Acer native to eastern North America were obtained by extraction in 2.5% saline buffer, pH 7.0. These were investigated using the techniques of polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, and double diffusion. Groupings indicated by our protein data were compared with groupings by other researchers based on morphological data. The members of the section Saccharina, A. saccharum subsp. saccharum, A. s. subsp. nigrum and A. s. subsp. floridanum, were found to have close protein similarity. A. negundo, thought by several workers to be the most distinct of the maples, was found to have relatively high protein similarity with the members of the section Saccharina. A. rubrum and A. spicatum were shown to have the least protein similarity to the other taxa investigated. There is low protein similarity between these two taxa, however, indicating they are divergent. The traditional placement of A. rubrum and A. saccharinum in the same section was supported by the relatively high protein similarity of these taxa. Data obtained by serological techniques and polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis were found to be complementary. However, polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis was more sensitive in detecting the protein differences among the taxa investigated.

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