scholarly journals Entomopathogens in conjunction with imidacloprid could be used to manage wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) on spring wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank B. Antwi ◽  
Govinda Shrestha ◽  
Gadi V.P. Reddy ◽  
Stefan T. Jaronski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Wireworm Damage ◽  
Better Than

AbstractWe examined the effect of biopesticides used alone, mixed with other biopesticides, or in conjunction with an imidacloprid against wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in spring wheat Triticum aestivum Linnaeus (Poaceae) (variety: Duclair). The study was conducted at Ledger and Valier, Montana, United States of America in 2015 and 2016. Ten biopesticides (spinosad, azadirachtin, pyrethrin, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Fungi: Clavicipitaceae) GHA (Mycotrol), B. bassiana ANT-03 (BioCeres), Chromobacterium subtsugae Martin et al. (Bacteria: Neisseriaceae), Burkholderia Yabuuchi et al. (Burkholderiaceae) species, Metarhizium brunneum Petch (Fungi: Clavicipitaceae) ESC1 (MbESC1), and M. brunneum F52 (MetF52) as microsclerotial and corn grit-based granules) were tested in addition to thimet and imidacloprid. Treatment efficacy was based on plant stand protection, wireworm populations, and yield. In 2015, there was considerable variation between sites in treatment efficacy. Mycotrol, BioCeres, MetF52+spinosad, and MetF52+imidacloprid applications protected seedlings from wireworm damage better than the control at Ledger, while only MetF52 at Valier. Wireworm populations were significantly higher with Mycotrol, spinosad, MetF52+spinosad, MbESC1 (25 g/L), and MetF52 treatments, compared with control, at 14 and 28 days post application at Ledger, but without effect at Valier, 2015. We found significantly higher yield in plots treated with imidacloprid+MetF52 and Mycotrol+azadirachtin (Xpulse) compared with control at Ledger. In 2016, no significant treatment effects were observed at either site. In summary, this study provides insight on what treatments should be explored in more detail despite variable results.

Reactions of hard red spring wheat to common root rot under field conditions of Northern United States of America

Euphytica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Tobias ◽  
Robert W. Stack ◽  
Krishna D. Puri ◽  
Neil Riveland ◽  
Shaobin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Northern United States

Evaluation of Glyphosate-Resistant Hard Red Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk A. Howatt ◽  
Gregory J. Endres ◽  
Paul E. Hendrickson ◽  
Ezra Z. Aberle ◽  
John R. Lukach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Wild Buckwheat ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Better Than

The potential for future commercialization of glyphosate-resistant wheat necessitates evaluation of agronomic merits of this technology. Experiments were established to evaluate glyphosate-resistant wheat and weed responses to glyphosate rate, application timing, and tank mixtures. Glyphosate at 1,680 g/ha did not injure wheat. Wheat response to glyphosate applied to one- to three- or three- to five-leaf wheat was not different from that of untreated wheat. Wheat was injured more from glyphosate plus thifensulfuron or glyphosate plus dicamba than from individual herbicides at one of six locations, but grain yield was not affected by glyphosate tank mixtures. Glyphosate application timing did not affect control of wild oat or common lambsquarters 56 d after treatment. Glyphosate when applied to one- to three-leaf wheat provided better control of wild buckwheat than later glyphosate application, whereas glyphosate applied to three- to five-leaf wheat provided the best control of green and yellow foxtail, redroot pigweed, and Canada thistle. Weed control with glyphosate tended to be better than with conventional herbicides, and wheat treated with glyphosate produced approximately 10% more grain than wheat treated with conventional herbicide tank mixes.

Evaluation of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) infestation and relationship with agronomic traits in selected spring wheat cultivars in northwestern Montana, United States of America

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik R. Echegaray ◽  
Christopher R. Barbour ◽  
Luther Talbert ◽  
Robert N. Stougaard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
Wheat Midge

AbstractThe wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a serious pest of spring wheat in North America. Currently, most commercial cultivars in the state of Montana, United States of America are susceptible. A study was conducted to assess the variability of adapted spring wheat cultivars to wheat midge infestations. A secondary objective was to determine the relationship between wheat midge infestation levels and spring wheat agronomic traits, including yield, test weight, grain protein, plant height, and heading date. This relationship was determined by evaluating 16 hard red spring wheat cultivars over a six-year period at the Northwestern Agricultural Research Center, near Kalispell, Montana. Levels of infestation had a negative impact on grain yield and test weight. Overall, the average infestation level was 40 larvae/spike with the lowest being observed with “Reeder” and the highest for “Thatcher”. Concurrently, “Reeder” had the highest yield, whereas “Thatcher” had the lowest yield and the highest grain protein, demonstrating that wheat midge infestations were positively associated with grain protein. Heading date had a positive association with midge density with higher infestations associated with later maturing cultivars. The economic injury level was estimated at 12 and 20 midge larvae/spike for a market price of USD $0.27 and USD $0.16/kg, respectively.

Testing Gibbs and Martin's Theory of Suicide

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1010-1010
Author(s):  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Better Than

Over 32 nations, status integration correlated more strongly with suicide rates than two other social variables. Over 30 states of the United States of America, status integration performed worse than the percent born out-of-state and better than the divorce rates.

Snowhite475 hard white spring wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Hardness ◽  
Flour Colour ◽  
Cooperative Testing ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Textural Attributes ◽  
Milling Properties ◽  
Better Than

In 2001–2003, cooperative testing Snowhite475 hard white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yielded grain in the range of the checks and was 3.4 and 3.3 d earlier maturing than AC Vista and AC Crystal, respectively. Snowhite475 had heavier test weight than AC Vista and larger seed size than AC Crystal and AC2000. Snowhite475 had higher protein content than the checks except 5701PR. It yielded more flour and had higher Agtron flour colour values than AC Crystal and AC Vista. Snowhite475 had intermediate kernel hardness, combined with yellow alkaline and white salted noodle colour and textural attributes better than AC Crystal, AC2000 and Snowbird. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, grain yield, maturity, milling properties, noodles

Re-Seeding Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Following Preplant Treatments of Atrazine

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 996-998
Author(s):  
Floyd E. Bolton ◽  
Arnold P. Appleby ◽  
Scott Case
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Minor Injury

When applied correctly, atrazine can be used safely in certain areas of the United States for weed control in winter wheat, but persistence in the soil may injure wheat replanted after crop failure. Studies were conducted at Moro, OR, in 1989–90 and 1990–91 to determine the effect of September preplant applications of atrazine at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg a.i. ha-1 (1X, 2X, and 4X label rates) on wheat seeded at that time and on wheat re-seeded 2 or 6 mo later. Yield of winter wheat re-seeded in November following September atrazine applications was not reduced at any rate. The September-planted wheat was killed with glyphosate in the spring to simulate winter killing, then plots were re-seeded to spring wheat. The commercial rate of atrazine, 0.56 kg ha-1, caused only minor injury to spring wheat, but injury at the 2X and 4X rates was excessive.

scholarly journals Perspectives on Fewer Sars-2 Corona virus (COVID-19) Deaths in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A Anong ◽  
Jude N. Okoyeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
Better Than

Globally, more than two million people, about 53,000 in Africa have died from COVID-19 infection. By any metric, Africa has so far fared better than most parts of the world including, some of the most developed and affluent nations like the United States of America in the fight to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of published COVID-19 data shows that Africa, with a population four times greater than that of the United States recorded forty times less number of positive cases and at least thirty fold decrease in the number of COVID-19 deaths. The data also demonstrates that the population case positivity and fatality rates in Europe are respectively ~24 and ~23 folds greater than those of Africa. The vast disparity in the metrics between advanced nations in Europe and the United States, with substantial healthcare budgets and the developing nations of Africa is worth examining.  In this article, we offer some perspectives to explain Africa’s low case positivity and death rates from COVID-19 infections. While many factors contribute to the world’s collective vulnerability to the pandemic, structural, demographic and sound public health policy together are essential in fighting off the disease.

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