Life history of Neoplasta parahebes (Diptera: Empididae: Hemerodromiinae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
J. Robert Harkrider
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Wood Surface ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Dead Tree ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ovipositor Morphology ◽  
Decaying Wood ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Wood Boring

AbstractThe life history of Neoplasta parahebes MacDonald and Turner in a mountain stream in Southern California is reported. Female N. parahebes were separated from sympatric female Neoplasta hebes Melander by ovipositor morphology. Adults readily fed on adult midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) smaller than themselves. Ovarioles of gravid females contained an average of 74.8 eggs. Mating occurred in a unidirectional position. Females oviposited under the bark of submerged decaying wood. Eggs averaged 459 μm × 115 μm in size; most were laid within a 24 h period and, at room temperature, hatched in 10–11 days. There are three larval instars. Densities of larval N. parahebes were as high as 9.2 per 100 cm2 of wood surface in submerged dead tree branches. Branches also contained larvae of Orthocladius lignicola Kieffer, a wood-boring chironomid; larval N. parahebes readily fed on the midge larvae in their tunnels. Pupation occurred in the decaying wood.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF THE LIFE HISTORY OF TRICHOBILHARZIA CAMERONI SP. NOV. (FAMILY SCHISTOSOMATIDAE)

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Yu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Local Infection ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
Ottawa River ◽  
Daughter Sporocyst ◽  
Physa Gyrina ◽  
History Of

A cause of swimmer's itch in the lower Ottawa River is Trichobilharzia cameroni sp. nov. Its life cycle has been completed experimentally in laboratory-bred snails and in canaries and ducks, and the various stages are described. The eggs are spindle-shaped. The sporocysts are colorless and tubular. Mother sporocysts become mature in about a week. The younger daughter sporocyst is provided with spines on the anterior end and becomes mature in about three weeks. The development in the snail requires from 28 to 35 days. A few cercariae were found to live for up to 14 days at 50 °C., although their life at 16° to 18 °C. was about four days. Cercariae kept at room temperature for 60 to 72 hr. were found infective. The adults become mature in canaries and pass eggs in about 12 to 14 days. Physa gyrina is the species of snail naturally infected. It was found in one case giving off cercariae for five months after being kept in the laboratory. Domestic ducks were found to become infected until they were at least four months old, with the parasites developing to maturity in due course; no experiments were made with older ducks. Furthermore, miracidia were still recovered from the faeces four months after the duck had been experimentally infected, and it is suggested that migratory birds are the source of the local infection.

The life history of Diastylis sculpta Sars, 1871 (Crustacea: Cumacea) in Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Corey
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gravid Females

Diastylis sculpta was collected from shallow water (1–15 m) in Passamaquoddy Bay over a 26-month period. D. sculpta produces a rapidly growing and developing summer generation between two successive winter generations. The overwintering generation releases young in mid-July and late August. The summer generation releases young in November. The mean fecundity of the summer-gravid females (78.4) is much greater than the mean fecundity (20.0) of the fall-gravid females. The maximum life-span is 5 months and 12 months for members of the summer and winter generations respectively.

The Development and Life History of Echinorhynchus truttae Schrank, 1788 (Acanthocephala)

1966 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. E. Awachie
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Gammarus Pulex ◽  
Pyloric Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexually Mature

The details of the post-embryonic development of Echinorhynchus truttae in the intermediate host, Gammarus pulex, and the final host, Salmo truttae, are described.The cystacanths of this species are sexually mature and are formed about 82 days after infection at room temperature, ca. 17°C.Copulation takes place in the definitive host soon after the worms enter the pyloric region of the intestine. About 10 weeks after infection, mature eggs are passed out with the faeces of fish.

Cold tolerance of gametophytes and sporophytes of some cool temperate ferns native to Hokkaido

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Sato ◽  
Akira Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Freezing Resistance ◽  
Temperate Region ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
History Of

To study the phenological adaptation of the life history of ferns to colder regions, the freezing resistance of gametophytes and sporophytes of 14 cool temperate region ferns native to Hokkaido was evaluated in Sapporo. Moreover, drought tolerance of gametophytes of some cool temperate ferns was elucidated. The mature sporophytes were hardy from −5 to −20 °C in most species. However, gametophytes of most species were tolerant to below −40 °C and regrew into normal gametophytes in a month at room temperature. Most of the gametophytes survived well after dehydration to 2–10% water content. The gametophytic generation was more cold tolerant than the sporophytic one. Thus, the gametophytic generation, rather than the sporophytic, might be the generation that survives cold temperature in the field.

On the Morphology and Life History of Aproctonema entomophagum Keilin, a Nematode Parasite in the Larvae of Sciara pullula Winn. (Diptera—Nematocera)

Parasitology ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Keilin ◽  
V. C. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Nematode Parasite ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decaying Wood

1. An account is given of Aproctonema entomophagum Keilin 1917, a Nematode parasite of the larvae of a Mycetophilid fly, Sciara pullula Winn., inhabiting decaying wood.2. The life history of this parasite is remarkable in the following respects:(a) The free-living stage is very short.(b) Both sexes are parasitic.(c) The usual host is the larva of the fly, from which the parasite escapes by actively breaking through the skin; but some parasites may be carried through to the imagines, from which they escape largely by the aid of the egg-laying movements provoked by them in the flies.3. Metamorphosis of the Sciara larva is delayed by the parasitism, so that at least two generations of Nematodes may be found in one host.4. All the parasitised imagines so far examined have been females.5. The systematic position of Aproctonema is discussed, the conclusion being that this worm and its near relative, Tetradonema plicans Cobb 1919, represent two closely allied genera of the family Mermithidae, but are not synonymous with Mermis. It is proposed to dispense with the family Tetra-donematidae Cobb.

Host phenologies and the life history of horsehair worms (Nematomorpha, Gordiida) in a mountain stream in northern Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanoko Meguro ◽  
Osamu Kishida ◽  
Shunsuke Utsumi ◽  
Shigeru Niwa ◽  
Susumu Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern Japan

The life history of Diastylis quadrispinosa (Sars, 1871) (Crustacea: Cumacea) in Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Corey
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gravid Females

Diastylis quadrispinosa inhabiting depths of 5–60 m in Passamaquoddy Bay breeds during late fall. Gravid females overwinter and release young during April to about mid-May. The life span is 5–6 months for males and 12–13 months for females. Females produce one brood with a mean fecundity of 67.2 (range, 26–149).

The life history of Philocasca alba (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) in a Rocky Mountain stream

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1282-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Mutch ◽  
G. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Conifer Needles ◽  
History Of

The life cycle of Philocasca alba Nimmo spans 3 years in a cold, second order, subalpine stream in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta. The flight period was from mid-May to late July. Larval instar 1 was found only in August–September; all other four instars were present in samples throughout most of the year. In their third autumn in the stream larvae in the final instar burrowed into gravel, pupated, and overwintered. Growth was confined to the ice-free period, June to November, when larval densities were greatest among deposits of conifer needles, cones, and woody material in pools. Larvae from these detrital accumulations had mainly fragments of conifer needles in their guts, although laboratory experiments showed that larvae could feed and grow on conifer needles only if they were highly conditioned. The later instars, particularly instar V, constituted a much greater than expected proportion of total larvae among submerged bank vegetation in spring and summer and deciduous leaves in autumn. Larvae in these two microhabitats mainly had fragments of moss and fragments of leaves, respectively, in their guts. The importance of moss was confirmed by a field experiment which showed that fifth instar larvae had significantly faster growth rates when fed on detritus supplemented with bank moss than detritus alone or detritus supplemented with deciduous leaves during the autumn.

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