Systematics and ecology of Anachipteria geminus sp. nov. (Acari: Oribatida: Achipteriidae) from arboreal lichens in western North America

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë Lindo ◽  
Marilyn Clayton ◽  
Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
The Family

AbstractWe present the systematics and ecology of a new species of arboreal oribatid mite in the family Achipteriidae, Anachipteria geminussp. nov., a dominant arthropod in canopy lichens associated with western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. (Pinaceae)) and Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes (Pinaceae)) in the coniferous temperate and montane forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America. The species is described on the basis of the morphology of all active instars plus molecular sequence data for the D3 region of the 28s rRNA (D3-28s) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) genes. Anachipteria geminus is the dominant oribatid mite in foliose lichens in the upper canopies of Pacific montane conifer trees. Specimens were found in 100% of canopy lichens sampled, and abundances can reach 1450 individuals / 100 g dry mass of lichen. Analysis of the population structure indicates that A. geminus has seasonally stable populations consistent with overlapping generations. Anachipteria geminus expresses morphological character states that require expanding the diagnoses of the genus Anachipteria and the family Achipteriidae. A revised diagnosis and morphological key to species of Anachipteria in Canada are given.

Systematics and ecology of the genus Dendrozetes (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from arboreal habitats in Western North America

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2403 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZOE LINDO ◽  
MARILYN CLAYTON ◽  
VALERIE BEHAN-PELLETIER
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
First Record ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data

We present the systematics and ecology of a new species of arboreal oribatid mite in the family Peloppiidae (Acari: Oribatida), Dendrozetes jordani n. sp., a dominant arthropod on branch tips and arboreal lichens associated with western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Pinaceae)) and Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis (Pinaceae)) in the coniferous temperate and montane forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America. Dendrozetes jordani represents the first record of the genus Dendrozetes in North America. The species is described on the basis of morphology of all active instars plus molecular sequence data for the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Dendrozetes jordani is compared with type specimens of D. caudatus Aoki from Japan, and a revised diagnosis of the genus Dendrozetes is given. Dendrozetes jordani has a stable, overlapping population structure through the year, and its association with trees in Pinaceae is an ecological characteristic shared with D. caudatus from Japan.

The status of Myriangiaceae (Dothideomycetes)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHA J. DISSANAYAKE ◽  
RUVISHIKA S. JAYAWARDENA ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
KASUN M. THAMBUGALA ◽  
QING TIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sexual State ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Asexual State ◽  
Molecular Characters

The family Myriangiaceae is relatively poorly known amongst the Dothideomycetes and includes genera which are saprobic, epiphytic and parasitic on the bark, leaves and branches of various plants. The family has not undergone any recent revision, however, molecular data has shown it to be a well-resolved family closely linked to Elsinoaceae in Myriangiales. Both morphological and molecular characters indicate that Elsinoaceae differs from Myriangiaceae. In Elsinoaceae, small numbers of asci form in locules in light coloured pseudostromata, which form typical scab-like blemishes on leaf or fruit surfaces. The coelomycetous, “Sphaceloma”-like asexual state of Elsinoaceae, form more frequently than the sexual state; conidiogenesis is phialidic and conidia are 1-celled and hyaline. In Myriangiaceae, locules with single asci are scattered in a superficial, coriaceous to sub-carbonaceous, black ascostromata and do not form scab-like blemishes. No asexual state is known. In this study, we revisit the family Myriangiaceae, and accept ten genera, providing descriptions and discussion on the generic types of Anhellia, Ascostratum, Butleria, Dictyocyclus, Diplotheca, Eurytheca, Hemimyriangium, Micularia, Myriangium and Zukaliopsis. The genera of Myriangiaceae are compared and contrasted. Myriangium duriaei is the type species of the family, while Diplotheca is similar and may possibly be congeneric. The placement of Anhellia in Myriangiaceae is supported by morphological and molecular data. Because of similarities with Myriangium, Ascostratum (A. insigne), Butleria (B. inaghatahani), Dictyocyclus (D. hydrangea), Eurytheca (E. trinitensis), Hemimyriangium (H. betulae), Micularia (M. merremiae) and Zukaliopsis (Z. amazonica) are placed in Myriangiaceae. Molecular sequence data from fresh collections is required to confirm the relationships and placement of the genera in this family.

The molecular systematics of blowflies and screwworm flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) using 28S rRNA, COX1 and EF-1α: insights into the evolution of dipteran parasitism

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (13) ◽  
pp. 1760-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA M. McDONAGH ◽  
JAMIE R. STEVENS
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Status ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Gene Trees ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Data ◽  
The Family

SUMMARYThe Calliphoridae include some of the most economically significant myiasis-causing flies in the world – blowflies and screwworm flies – with many being notorious for their parasitism of livestock. However, despite more than 50 years of research, key taxonomic relationships within the family remain unresolved. This study utilizes nucleotide sequence data from the protein-coding genes COX1 (mitochondrial) and EF1α (nuclear), and the 28S rRNA (nuclear) gene, from 57 blowfly taxa to improve resolution of key evolutionary relationships within the family Calliphoridae. Bayesian phylogenetic inference was carried out for each single-gene data set, demonstrating significant topological difference between the three gene trees. Nevertheless, all gene trees supported a Calliphorinae-Luciliinae subfamily sister-lineage, with respect to Chrysomyinae. In addition, this study also elucidates the taxonomic and evolutionary status of several less well-studied groups, including the genus Bengalia (either within Calliphoridae or as a separate sister-family), genus Onesia (as a sister-genera to, or sub-genera within, Calliphora), genus Dyscritomyia and Lucilia bufonivora, a specialised parasite of frogs and toads. The occurrence of cross-species hybridisation within Calliphoridae is also further explored, focusing on the two economically significant species Lucilia cuprina and Lucilia sericata. In summary, this study represents the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of family Calliphoridae undertaken to date.

Across Lydekker's Line - first report of mite harvestmen (Opiliones : Cyphophthalmi : Stylocellidae) from New Guinea

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Clouse ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biogeographic Region ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of

Opiliones (harvestmen) in the suborder Cyphophthalmi are not known to disperse across oceans and each family in the suborder is restricted to a clear biogeographic region. While undertaking a revisionary study of the South-east Asian family Stylocellidae, two collections of stylocellids from New Guinea were noted. This was a surprising find, since the island appears never to have had a land connection with Eurasia, where the rest of the family members are found. Here, 21 New Guinean specimens collected from the westernmost end of the island (Manokwari Province, Indonesia) are described and their relationships to other cyphophthalmids are analysed using molecular sequence data. The specimens represent three species, Stylocellus lydekkeri, sp. nov., S. novaguinea, sp. nov. and undescribed females of a probable third species, which are described and illustrated using scanning electron microscope and stereomicroscope photographs. Stylocellus novaguinea, sp. nov. is described from a single male and it was collected with a juvenile and the three females of the apparent third species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the new species are indeed in the family Stylocellidae and they therefore reached western New Guinea by dispersing through Lydekker’s line – the easternmost limit of poor dispersers from Eurasia. The New Guinean species may indicate at least two episodes of oceanic dispersal by Cyphophthalmi, a phenomenon here described for the first time. Alternatively, the presence in New Guinea of poor dispersers from Eurasia may suggest novel hypotheses about the history of the island.

scholarly journals Temporal Asynchrony of Adult Emergence Between Leucopis argenticollis and Leucopis piniperda (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), Predators of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), with Implications for Biological Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828
Author(s):  
Alex N Neidermeier ◽  
Darrell W Ross ◽  
Nathan P Havill ◽  
Kimberly F Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
The Pacific

Abstract Two species of silver fly, Leucopis argenticollis (Zetterstedt) and Leucopis piniperda (Malloch) (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), from the Pacific Northwest region of North America have been identified as potential biological control agents of hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae: Adelges tsugae Annand) in eastern North America. The two predators are collectively synchronized with A. tsugae development. To determine whether adult emergence of the two species of silver fly are also synchronized with one another, we collected adult Leucopis which emerged from A. tsugae-infested western hemlock [Pinaceae: Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.] from four sites in the Pacific Northwest over a 29-d period. Specimens were collected twice daily in the laboratory and identified to species using DNA barcoding. The study found that more adult Leucopis were collected in the evening than the morning. Additionally, the daily emergences of adults over the 29-d sampling period exhibited sinusoidal-like fluctuations of peak abundance of each species, lending evidence to a pattern of temporal partitioning. This pattern could have logistical implications for their use as biological control agents in eastern North America, namely the need to release both species for maximum efficacy in decreasing A. tsugae populations.

Phylogenetic relationships among Unionicola (Acari: Unionicolidae) mussel-mites of North America based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2537 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE D. EDWARDS ◽  
MALCOLM F. VIDRINE ◽  
BRIAN R. ERNSTING
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Cox1 Gene ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Gene Trees ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence

Water mites of the genus Unionicola Haldeman, 1842 are common symbionts of molluscs, living on the gills or mantle and foot of their hosts and using these tissues as sites of oviposition. Phylogenetic relationships among species that comprise the genus are poorly understood and what is known has been based on a limited number of morphological and life history characters or molecular sequence data using closely-related taxa. The present study uses sequence data from the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene (664 bp) to reconstruct evolutionary relationships among representative species of North American Unionicola from eight subgenera that occur in symbiotic association with freshwater mussels. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis yielded trees with similar topologies, and most of the branches have moderate to high bootstrap support. The topologies of these gene trees are mostly congruent with a previously published morphologically-derived tree. Specifically, the gene trees support monophyly among mites from subgenera that occur in association with the gill tissues of host mussels. The molecular trees of Unionicola mites generated by this study must, however, be interpreted with caution, given that the analysis is based exclusively on Unionicola subgenera from North America. A more robust phylogeny of Unionicola mussel-mites will require the addition of molecular sequence data from taxa outside of North America.

A new blind Lamyctes (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha) from Tasmania with an analysis of molecular sequence data for the Lamyctes- Henicops Group

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GREGORY D. EDGECOMBE ◽  
GONZALO GIRIBET
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
New South ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Complete Sequences

The cosmopolitan, parthenogenetic centipede Lamyctes coeculus (Brölemann, 1889), type species of Lamyctinus Silvestri, 1909, occurs in New South Wales and Lord Howe Island, Australia, the former genetically identical to specimens from Tucumán, Argentina. Parsimony analysis of complete sequences of 18S rRNA and fragments of 28S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I for the Lamyctes-Henicops group suggests that loss of ocelli in Lamyctes coeculus has an independent origin from blindness in Lamyctes hellyeri n. sp. from northern Tasmania. Lamyctinus is nested within Lamyctes Meinert, 1868, its senior synonym. Lamyctes hellyeri is known exclusively from females in gardens, and is probably introduced to Tasmania.

Analysis of the genus Gymnodampia (Acari: Oribatida), with redescription of G. setata and description of two new species from North America

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Roy A. Norton ◽  
Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier ◽  
Hui-Fu Wang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Circular Line ◽  
Mite Genus

AbstractMorphology, distribution, and habitat data are presented for three species of the oribatid mite genus Gymnodampia Jacot occurring in North America. A revised generic diagnosis is given and the type species Gymnodampia setata (Berlese) is redescribed based on topotypic material from Missouri. Immatures of G. setata are described and aspects of their biology are presented. Two new species from North America, G. jacotisp. nov. and G. lindquistisp. nov., are proposed and described on the basis of adults, and a key is given for North American species of Gymnodampia. The ameroid genera Cristamerus Hammer, from Pakistan and China, and Defectamerus Aoki, from Japan, Korea, and China, are considered junior synonyms of Gymnodampia, and G. conformis (Fujikawa) is considered a junior synonym of G. fusca (Fujikawa). Immatures of G. setata are apheredermous, but with a circular line of dehiscence, whereas known immatures of the superfamily Ameroidea are eupheredermous. Nonetheless, without convincing apomorphic traits linking Gymnodampia to any known apheredermous family of Brachypylina, we hypothesize that Gymnodampia has lost the eupheredermy characteristic of Ameroidea, and we place it in the family Ameridae on the basis of adult similarities.

scholarly journals CALLIPHORIDAE (REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Barashkova ◽  
Budishcheva
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
Host Tissues

The Calliphoridae family attracts many researchers in the phylogeny of myiasis in this family. Nevertheless, even after more than 50 years of research of the phylogenetic relationships among Calliphoridae subfamilies, the origin of myiasis remains unclear. By studying the peculiarities of the ecology of blue-green meat flies, and their adaptation to various habitats, it was found that the transition to facultative parasitism at the larval stage could occur in several ways, and was accompanied by the formation of viviparity. The larval parasitism of Calliphoridae on birds developed as a tendency of evolution. Larvae of the genus Protocalliphora, began feeding on blood of birds, and larvae of the species of the genus Trypocalliphora feed on the host tissues causing myiasis and the death of chicks. In order to elucidate the problem, we constructed three phylogenetic trees using nucleotide sequence data from cytochrome oxidase subunit one gene (COI), representing a mitochondrial conservative gene, and nuclear 28S subunit of ribosomal RNA gene (28S rRNA) in order to interpret the evolutionary profile of myiasis in the family Calliphoridae. Comparative analysis of the phylogenetic trees shows that the habit of obligatory myiasis originated independently more than five times among different calliphorid taxa in the course of evolutionary history. The inclusion of other myiasis-causing families (Oestridae, Gastrophilidae, and Sarcophagidae) along with fundamental life-history studies that deal with biology, physiology, feeding behavior and host specificity in addition to phylogenetic analysis could provide a more accurate answer to the origin of myiasis

Phylogenetic relationships among nassariid gastropods

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Haasl
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stratigraphic Position

Phylogenetic relationships within the neogastropod family Nassariidae are poorly understood as are relationships between the Nassariidae and other fossil and extant buccinid taxa. The poor resolution of nassariid and buccinoidean relationships is due to: 1) the complex distribution among these gastropods of characters commonly used in classification; 2) a number of Mesozoic and Paleogene genera whose relationships to extant buccinoidean lineages are poorly constrained; and 3) a lack of previous efforts to address these problems on a rigorous, phylogenetic basis.The results of a phylogenetic analysis of nassariid genera did not decisively support the monophyly of the family. The buccinid subfamily Photinae was an extant sister group to the Nassariinae in a phylogenetic analysis of extant taxa and on many cladograms from an analysis combining fossil and extant taxa. In addition, Buccitriton (representing the Paleogene Tritiaria group) was a sister taxon to the Nassariinae in all analyses in which it was included, regardless of the identity of the extant nassariine sister group. This suggests that the photines, which likely arose from a Tritiaria ancestor, are the closest living relatives to the Nassariinae. Many Paleogene fossil “buccinoid” taxa appear to be more distantly related to the Nassariinae and possibly to the rest of the nassariids as well. Stratigraphic range data combined with the results of this study suggest that the Nassariinae diversified rapidly in the early Miocene and achieved a cosmopolitan distribution early in their history. A largely Indo-Pacific subclade was consistently deeply-nested within the Nassariinae, suggesting that nassariines invaded the Indo-Pacific region most recently. The timing of this invasion is difficult to estimate but had occurred by the end of the Miocene. Further analyses using molecular sequence data, relative stratigraphic position, or focusing in more detail on the Paleogene taxa are required to resolve the identity of the sister group to the Nassariinae with greater confidence.

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