Mitochondrial DNA variation in two invasive birch leaf-mining sawflies in North America

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J.K. MacQuarrie ◽  
David W. Langor ◽  
Felix A.H. Sperling
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Profenusa Thomsoni ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Ecological Differences

AbstractMitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II genes were sequenced for two invasive alien birch (Betula L. [Betulaceae]) leaf-mining sawflies, Profenusa thomsoni (Konow, 1886) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) and Scolioneura betuleti (Klug, 1816) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), accidentally introduced from Europe to North America. Ten North American and two European populations of P. thomsoni were sampled. As no genetic variation was observed for this parthenogenic species in Europe or North America, there is no evidence that this species was introduced more than once into North America. A single Canadian population of putative S. betuleti was genetically characterized and compared with populations of S. betuleti and Scolioneura vicina Konow, 1894 in Europe to resolve the species identity of the introduced Canadian population. Three haplotypes were present in European material but only one haplotype was represented in material collected in Canada. The haplotype in the Canadian population occurred in both S. betuleti and S. vicina in Europe. Thus, this preliminary genetic work cannot provide certain identity of the Canadian species. Moreover, there was no significant genetic difference between putative S. betuleti and S. vicina in Europe, leading us to suggest that S. vicina may not be reproductively isolated from S. betuleti, despite ecological differences.

scholarly journals Review and key to Nearctic Lathrolestes Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), with special reference to species attacking leaf mining tenthredinid sawflies in Betula Linnaeus (Betulaceae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2614 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXEY V. RESHCHIKOV ◽  
ANNA SOPER ◽  
ROY G. VAN DRIESCHE
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Profenusa Thomsoni

All Holarctic members of the genus Lathrolestes Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were reviewed. Five species are described as new: L. syringe Reshchikov sp. nov., L. barroni Reshchikov sp. nov., L. fissus Reshchikov sp. nov., L. thomsoni Reshchikov sp. nov., and L. soperi Reshchikov sp. nov. The last two species were reared from Profenusa thomsoni (Konow, 1886), an invasive European birch leafmining sawfly found in North America. Lathrolestes nasoni Davis, 1897 is synonymized with L. caudatus (Thomson, 1883); L. scutellatus (Ashmead, 1890) stat. rev. is reestablished as a valid species.

scholarly journals Low Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Double-crested Cormorants in Eastern North America

Waterbirds ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliann L. Waits ◽  
Michael L. Avery ◽  
Mark E. Tobin ◽  
Paul L. Leberg
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Dna Variation

New records of leaf-mining Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) in North America, with the description of a new species of Grapholita

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4748 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-530
Author(s):  
CHARLES S. EISEMAN ◽  
KYHL A. AUSTIN ◽  
JULIA A. BLYTH ◽  
TRACY S. FELDMAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
New Records ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

We discuss seven species of tortricid moths that are leafminers at least in early instars. These include Grapholita thermopsidis Eiseman & Austin, new species, which feeds on Thermopsis rhombifolia (Pursh) Richardson (Fabaceae), along with two others for which larval hosts were previously unknown: Catastega triangulana Brown (Ericaceae: Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth) and Sparganothis xanthoides (Walker) (Polemoniaceae: Phlox divaricata L.). Parasitoids of G. thermopsidis include Dolichogenidea sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Zagrammosoma mirum Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The female genitalia of Epinotia nigralbana (Walsingham), a species that mines leaves of Arctostaphylos throughout larval development, are illustrated for the first time. Rhopobota finitimana (Heinrich), which feeds on Ilex spp. (Aquifoliaceae), is confirmed to mine leaves as has been documented previously in R. dietziana (Kearfott). Talponia plummeriana (Busck), which is known to feed in the developing ovaries of pawpaw (Annonaceae: Asimina spp.), also feeds in leaves before boring in the twigs and stems. Cenopis lamberti (Franclemont), previously reported from Persea sp. (Lauraceae), was reared from Symplocos tinctoria (L.) L’Hér. (Symplocaceae). Apart from the two exceptions noted above, all of these species exit their mines in later instars to feed in leaf shelters. 

Population structure of Heterobasidion annosum from North America and Europe

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Otrosina ◽  
Thomas E. Chase ◽  
Fields W. Cobb Jr. ◽  
Kari Korhonen
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
The North ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Intersterility Groups ◽  
European Populations

Isolates of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. representing North American S and P and European S, P, and F intersterility groups were subjected to isozyme analysis. European S, P, and F groups had more variability than the North American S and P groups in expected hterozygosity, number of alleles per locus, and percent polymorphic loci. In contrast with the North American S and P groups, the European intersterility groups could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of individual isozyme loci, although significant differences in allele frequencies exist between European S and P groups. This suggests that evolution proceeded at different rates in the intersterility groups, or intersterility barriers appeared later in the European populations relative to the North American populations of H. annosum. Changes in climate and host species associations during the Tertiary may have been a major factor in evolution of H. annosum intersterility groups. Key words: allozymes, forest tree hosts, playnological events, evolutionary relationships, Hymenomycetes, root disease.

scholarly journals Nephila clavata L. Koch, the Joro Spider of East Asia, newly recorded from North America (Araneae: Nephilidae)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Richard Hoebeke ◽  
Wesley Huffmaster ◽  
Byron J Freeman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Nephila Clavipes ◽  
Species Identity

Nephila clavata L. Koch, known as the Joro spider and native to East Asia (Japan, China, Korea, and Taiwan), is newly reported from North America. Specimens from several locations in northeast Georgia were collected from around residential properties in Barrow, Jackson, and Madison counties in late October and early November 2014. These are the first confirmed records of the species in the New World. Our collections, along with confirmed images provided by private citizens, suggest the Joro spider is established in northeast Georgia. Genomic sequence data for the COI gene obtained from two specimens conforms to published sequences for N. clavata, providing additional confirmation of species identity. Known collection records are listed and mapped using geocoding. Our observations are summarized along with published background information on biology in Asia and we hypothesize on the invasion history and mode of introduction into North America. Recognition features are given and photographic images of the male and female are provided to aid in their differentiation from the one native species of the genus (Nephila clavipes) in North America.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial evidence supports a Nearctic origin for the spreading limicolous earthworm Sparganophilus tamesis Benham, 1892 (Clitellata, Sparganophilidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Rota ◽  
Svante Martinsson ◽  
Marco Bartoli ◽  
Anneke Beylich ◽  
Ulfert Graefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
European Haplotype ◽  
European Populations

We analysed samples of Sparganophilus taken at the corners of its distribution area in Europe (UK, Germany and Italy). No mitochondrial genetic divergence within and amongst them was found, neither in COI nor in 16S. Further, the COI haplotype was also identical to two sequences from Ontario, Canada in the Barcoding of Life Data System (BOLD) database. Our European COI and 16S sequences showed only minimal differentiation (only 1 or 2 substitutions) from specimens newly collected in Illinois and Washington states (USA), as well as from a COI haplotype from Tennessee (USA) in BOLD. An additional COI haplotype from Illinois (found in BOLD) is 2.1% different from the other haplotypes but clearly belongs to the same lineage of Sparganophilus . This geographically broad but genetically compact group fits the morphological diagnosis of S. tamesis Benham, 1892 as revised by Jamieson (1971) and is seen as evidence that all European populations 1) belong to the same species, 2) derive from a recent introduction, 3) are conspecific with the most widespread species of Sparganophilus in North America, and that 4) S. tamesis is a senior synonym of S. eiseni Smith, 1895. The single European haplotype does not refute the possibility of its spread from a single introduced source population.

Chloroplast DNA variation of Quercus rubra L. in North America and comparison with other Fagaceae

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. MAGNI ◽  
A. DUCOUSSO ◽  
H. CARON ◽  
R. J. PETIT ◽  
A. KREMER
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Variation

Photoperiodic adaptation of Xanthium strumarium in Europe, Asia Minor, and northern Africa

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1779-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin McMillan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Northern Africa ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
European Populations

The range of photoperiodic adaptation among populations of Xanthium strumarium L. in Europe, Asia Minor, and northern Africa is nearly as broad as among populations in North America. Photoperiodic diversity within the indigenous morphological complex, strumarium, is relatively restricted, including night requirements primarily less than 8 h. American introductions include plants with reproductive requirements ranging from 7.5-h nights in northern populations to 10.5–11-h nights in southern populations. Populations in northern Europe in indigenous strumarium and introduced complexes, echinatum and italicum, show a photoperiodic response thinly separated from day neutrality. Southern European populations show reproductive diversity among introduced plants and include sympatric occurrences of three morphological complexes, cavanillesii of South America, chinense of North America, and orientale possibly of North America. The chinense introductions to northern Africa (Morocco, Egypt) are similar to those of Spain with a night requirement of 10.25–10.5 h. Those of Asia Minor include the italicum complex in Turkey and Israel, 9.0–9.25 h, and the chinense complex in southern U.S.S.R., 9.75 h, and in Israel and Iraq, 10.5–11.0 h. Although some of the photoperiodic diversity of the cockleburs of the Old World probably resulted from hybridization between indigenous and introduced plants, the broad adaptive potential was imported from America.

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