First Canadian records of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hunt ◽  
Robert Foottit ◽  
Dana Gagnier ◽  
Tracey Baute
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
North Central ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
North Borneo

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsamura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a pest of soybeans in the People's Republic of China, Korea, Thailand, Japan, North Borneo, Malaya, and the Philippines (Blackman and Eastop 2000). It was first identified in North America in 2000 from soybean fields in 10 states in the north-central United States of America, although the route of entry and time of introduction are not known (North Central Regional Pest Alert 2001). Dai and Fan (1991) reported that yield losses caused by soybean aphids on soybeans in the People's Republic of China were greater when the crop was infested soon after planting, and the presence of large populations of the aphid throughout the growing season resulted in 20%–30% yield losses. The soybean aphid can also transmit several viruses that infect soybeans in North America, including alfalfa mosaic, soybean mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, peanut mottle, peanut stunt, and peanut stripe (Hartman et al. 2001). In North America, the soybean aphid is known to transmit soybean mosaic virus and alfalfa mosiac virus (Hill et al. 2001). A survey of Ontario soybean fields revealed the presence of tobacco ring spot virus, soybean mosiac virus, and bean pod mottle virus (Michelutti et al. 2001); all of which could potentially be spread by this newly introduced aphid.

Immigrant Families’ Expectations of Early Childhood

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjory Ebbeck ◽  
Anne Glover
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Teachers ◽  
Immigrant Families ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Age Range

This paper presents some of the findings of a study which examined the views of 101 South Australian immigrant families concerning their educational expectations for their children who are in the age range of birth to 8 years. These families came from Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, the People's Republic of China, and the Philippines. Likewise, the views of 100 early childhood teachers working in early childhood centres were examined in relation to their educational expectations for the children of immigrant families. A comparison of the findings is presented in this paper, noting the commonalities and differences between parents and teachers to seven questions about their expectations of preschool education.

scholarly journals Overlapping Histories, Co-produced Concepts: Imperialism in Chinese Eyes

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-706
Author(s):  
Leigh K. Jenco ◽  
Jonathan Chappell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
State Building ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Nation State ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Chinese Nationalism ◽  
Nation States

Many historians of China, particularly those based in North America, insist that the Qing dynasty's territorial expansion was imperial and comparable to the imperial expansions of other global empires. Other historians, particularly but not only those based in the People's Republic of China, continue to resist this interpretation. They argue that dynastic expansion in the Ming and Qing periods was simply a form of nation-state building, akin to similar processes in Europe. Rather than rejecting their claims as a product of Chinese nationalism, we argue that the term “empire” should be (re)understood as a global co-production, emerging from multiple intersecting histories and scholarly debates about those histories. Doing so challenges influential definitions of empire that rely on a distinction between empires and nation-states, highlighting their dual presence in both Euro-American and Chinese pasts (and presents). This move demands a rejection of periodizations that suggest that empires ceased to exist following the period of decolonization from 1945 to the 1970s. This opens up new avenues of historical and normative inquiry to acknowledge the modern continuity between empires and nation-states.

New information on Cretaceous troodontids (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the People's Republic of China

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1753-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J Currie ◽  
Dong Zhiming
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
New Information

Troodontid specimens were recovered from three localities in China by the Sino-Canadian expeditions between 1987 and 1990. These include a Lower Cretaceous form (Sinornithoides youngi), which is the most complete troodontid skeleton ever found, isolated bones from the Iren Dabasu Formation (?Turonian), and partial skeletons of Saurornithoides mongoliensis from Djadokhta-equivalent beds (?Campanian). These, and other specimens recently described from North America, allow a better assessment of the phylogenetic position of troodontids than has been possible before. Although troodontids have autapomorphies that eliminate them from consideration as bird ancestors, they are nevertheless one of the closest avian outgroups within the Theropoda.

scholarly journals Schistosomiasis in the Philippines: Innovative Control Approach is Needed if Elimination is the Goal

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigio M. Olveda ◽  
Darren J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Endemic Areas

In 1996, schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma japonicum was declared eradicated in Japan. In the People’s Republic of China, S. japonicum transmission has been interrupted in the major endemic areas in the coastal plains but the disease persists in the lake and marshland regions south of the Yangtze River. The disease remains a public health problem in endemic areas in the Philippines and in isolated areas in Indonesia. Comprehensive multidisciplinary campaigns had led to eradication of schistosomiasis in Japan and have been successful in the interruption of disease transmission in the major endemic regions of the People’s Republic of China. Unfortunately, the integrated measures cannot be duplicated in schistosomiasis endemic areas in the Philippines because of limited resources. The problem is also more complicated due to the topography in the Philippines and transmission is not seasonal as in China. An innovative approach is needed in the Philippines if schistosomiasis elimination is the goal.

The Philippines’ 1963 Mediation in the Borneo Confrontation

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-239
Author(s):  
Su-Mi Lee
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Third Party ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Territorial Dispute ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
International Mediation ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract This research examines the effect of mediators’ characteristics on mediation outcomes. In the current study of international mediation, one group of scholars argues that biased mediators with a considerable interest at stake in the dispute are usually effective. Others stress that mediator neutrality is a precondition for mediation to be successful. To test these claims, this study evaluates the Philippines’ qualifications as a mediator for the Borneo confrontation between Indonesia and Malaya in the 1960s. Although the Philippines’ strong ties to both disputants qualified it as an impartial mediator, its ongoing dispute with Malaya over Sabah transformed the Philippines into a biased/interested mediator in the Borneo confrontation. This research illustrates how effective the Philippines was in mediating the Borneo confrontation. It also sheds light on the possible futility of South Korea’s involvement as a third party in the People’s Republic of China-Japan territorial dispute.

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