Life History of Dasystoma salicellum Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae), a New Pest of Blueberries in British Columbia

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Raine
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Life History ◽  
European Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Compsilura Concinnata ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Fraser Valley ◽  
New Pest

AbstractDasystoma salicellum Hbn., a European species first found in North America in 1955, has become a serious pest of commercial highbush blueberries in the lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia.The species is univoltine, photopositive and has a wide range of hosts. It feeds most often on Salix, Spiraea and Vaccinium. The moths emerge from mid-March to early April and lay eggs in the leaf axils and under bud scales and loose bark. The eggs hatch in late May. The larvae have six instars. The first instars are often dispersed by the wind. Later instars tie new leaves together for shelter, feed on leaves and blossom buds and sometimes enter the early fruit. At harvest the larvae are almost mature and large numbers are dislodged into the crates by picking machines. In September they sometimes defoliate the bushes. In October they pupate within their leaf shelters and drop to the ground with the leaves to overwinter.Some pupae are destroyed by mould; others are parasitized by Itoplectis quadricingulata (Prov.) and Compsilura concinnata (Mg.). The larvae are parasitized by Macrocentrus iridescens French, and the adults by Tomosvaryella species.

scholarly journals The biology of Limacina retroversa

1954 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clione Limacina

The Plymouth Fauna List contains records of two genera of pteropods, Limacina and Clione. Of the first, Limacina retroversa (Flem.) is by far the better-known species, apparently occurring regularly at Plymouth in large numbers in townettings from outside, and sometimes inside, the Sound. It breeds at Plymouth from June to August, and Lebour (1932) has given a detailed account of its breeding and larval stages and has discussed its role in the plankton. The second species of Limacina at Plymouth is lesueuri (d'Orbigny), which has been observed from time to time since 1906, when it was very common. The last record in the Fauna is off the Breakwater in 1920. Of the gymnosomatous pteropods, Clione limacina Phipps is the only species regularly occurring. Lebour (1931) has described the life history of this form, and mentions February to August as its months of greatest abundance. Its breeding season is June to August. Another gymnosome, tentatively referred to as Clionina longicauda, is reported by Russell (1936), and from the specimen department at Plymouth Laboratory the writer obtained some preserved specimens, not easily identifiable, of a Pneumodermopsis taken locally; its species is perhaps ciliata, recorded by Massy (1917) from the Irish Coast.

Studies of the Life History and Ecology of the Ant Oecophylla longinoda Latreille

1954 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Way
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Oecophylla Longinoda ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nesting Habits ◽  
Food Reserves

In British East Africa Oecophylla longinoda (Latr.) var. textor Santschi is locally common in the costal region. Inland it is absent from higher altitudes and from areas where there is a pronounced dry season.In Zanzibar Island, O. longinoda at least 89 species of trees and shurbs; the largest populations occur on the clove (Jambosa caryophyllus), Citrus spp., Bridelia micrantha and Canthium zanzibaricum.The nesting habits and colony composition of O. longinoda are such that one colony may spread over a number of adjacent trees; it contains only one gravid queen.Winged virgin sexual forms are released at the beginning of the wet seasons and new colonies are initiated by a single queen, who uses her food reserves to bring the first batch of brood to maturity.In Zanzibzr, O. longinoda tends a wide range of Homoptera that produce honey-dew, but apparently “ prefers ” certain Coccids, notably Saissetia spp.The degree of attention afforded by an ant species determines the species of Homoptera which it is able to attend.The insect species preyed upon by O. longinoda include the honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the driver ant, Dorylus nigricans, of which large numbers may be destroyed.O. longinoda is of undoubted value for controlling certain coconut pests, notably Theraptus sp. (Coreidae), and its efficiency in coconut plantations could probably be much enhanced.

scholarly journals Patterns of genomic diversification reflect differences in life history and reproductive biology between figs (Ficus) and the stone oaks (Lithocarpus)

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 756-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai-Shian Kua ◽  
Charles H. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Strategies ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genomic Divergence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Background History ◽  
Diverse Groups

One of the remarkable aspects of the tremendous biodiversity found in tropical forests is the wide range of evolutionary strategies that have produced this diversity, indicating many paths to diversification. We compare two diverse groups of trees with profoundly different biologies to discover whether these differences are reflected in their genomes. Ficus (Moraceae), with its complex co-evolutionary relationship with obligate pollinating wasps, produces copious tiny seeds that are widely dispersed. Lithocarpus (Fagaceae), with generalized insect pollination, produces large seeds that are poorly dispersed. We hypothesize that these different reproductive biologies and life history strategies should have a profound impact on the basic properties of genomic divergence within each genus. Using shallow whole genome sequencing for six species of Ficus, seven species of Lithocarpus, and three outgroups, we examined overall genomic diversity, how it is shared among the species within each genus, and the fraction of this shared diversity that agrees with the major phylogenetic pattern. A substantially larger fraction of the genome is shared among species of Lithocarpus, a considerable amount of this shared diversity was incongruent with the general background history of the genomes, and each fig species possessed a substantially larger fraction of unique diversity than Lithocarpus.

Early Ocean Life History of Harrison River Sockeye Salmon and their Contribution to the Biodiversity of Sockeye Salmon in the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Beamish ◽  
Chrys M. Neville ◽  
Ruston M. Sweeting ◽  
Terry D. Beacham ◽  
Joy Wade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Life History ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
History Of

Revision ofSpeolepta(Diptera: Mycetophilidae), with descriptions of new Nearctic and Oriental species

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ševčík ◽  
Jostein Kjærandsen ◽  
Stephen A. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Single Male ◽  
European Species ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Fungus Gnat

AbstractThe cave-living and monobasic fungus gnat genusSpeoleptaEdwards is reviewed with a description of the first Nearctic species,Speolepta vockerothisp. nov., from Canada (caves in Ontario and British Columbia) and the United States (Alaska). Its morphology, life history, and biology are documented and compared with the single European speciesSpeolepta leptogaster(Winnertz). A further new species,Speolepta orientalissp.nov., is described based on a single male from northern Vietnam, representing the first record of this genus from the Oriental Region.

The Occurrence of Tylenchus dipsaci Kühn, in Wild Host Plants in South-West England

1929 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. H. Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
The Subject ◽  
South West England

The plant parasitic nematode, Tylenchus dipsaci Kühn, commonly known as the stem eelworm, or alternatively when occurring in narcissus, the bulb eelworm, is a major pest of a wide range of cultivated plants. Accurate knowledge concerning the detailed life-history of the nematode is still of limited extent, despite the large numbers of workers who, throughout Europe and more recently North America, have devoted much time to a study of the subject. In particular it is clear that much remains to be learned concerning the “biologic strain” theory. Investigators, probably without exception, agree that a large number of, so-called, biologic strains of the worm occur. Each of these strains, while morphologically identical with the others, appears to be restricted more or less rigidly to a particular species of host plant.

A contribution to the morphology and life history of Proteocephalus niloticus (Beddard, 1913) from Varanus niloticus (L.) in Ghana

Parasitology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Ghana ◽  
Zoology Department

1. A plerocercoid of ‘Acanthotaenia’ has been found in large numbers in ‘cysts’ in the pancreas of Rana occipitalis (Günther) in Ghana.2. ‘Cysts’ containing plerocercoids were fed to Varanus niloticus (L.). Adults of Proteocephalus niloticus (Beddard) were recovered from the intestine 3 weeks later.3. It is suggested that the life cycle involves three hosts, the first being a copepod.4. The morphology of the larva and adult is described.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to the authorities of the University of Ghana for inviting me to spend some time in the Zoology Department there. I am most grateful, also, to Professor R. D. Purchon for his kindly interest and for the facilities which he placed at my disposal. It is a pleasure to thank Dr J. D. Thomas and the technical staff for their assistance in the collection of material.

THE BIOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY OF THE CUTWORM AMPHIPOEA INTEROCEANICA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), A NEW PEST OF STRAWBERRY IN MANITOBA

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ayre
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
New Pest

AbstractA crown-boring noctuid, Amphipoea interoceanica (Smith), has suddenly become a serious pest of commercial strawberries in Manitoba. Eggs are laid in August on dead strawberry leaves and hatch in early May. Young larvae feed in the leaf stalks; older larvae bore in the crowns and kill the plants. There are six instars, pupation occurs in late July and adults emerge in August. The plants are first attacked in the second year of growth and by the fifth year the entire crop may be lost.

Attachment of the Coral Caryophyllia Smithii S. & B. to Tubes of the Polychaete Ditrupa Arietina (Müller) and other Substrates

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Soft Sediments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growth History ◽  
History Of

INTRODUCTIONLittle is known about the early growth history of solitary corals in relation to the substrates to which they are attached. An understanding of this relationship between coral and substrate, and of how it may change throughout the life of the coral, is particularly important in studies of the life history and ecology of solitary corals living in sand and other soft sediments. A knowledge of the variety of different substrates to which solitary corals are attached in the wide range of different environments in which they live is also of importance to the palaeontologist when attempting palaeoecological interpretation of transported coral debris.

On the Life History of the Lungworm, Synthetocaulus abstrusus, hitherto confused with that of Ollulanus tricuspis in Cats

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. M. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Posterior Extremity ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enclosed Space

In 1865, Leuckart described from the stomach of the domestic cat, a minute bursate worm which he named Ollulanus tricuspis. His original description was somewhat scanty, but it was amplified in later years (1867–1876). As this work is scattered throughout many pages, the following is a brief resumé of Leuckart's theory.He was struck by the fact, that being viviparous in habit, it resembled Trichinella spiralis, but recognised that several fundamental differences existed between them. Ollulanus never produced more than three larvae at a time from relatively large eggs, about 60μ to 120μ long; whereas Trichinella produced numerous larvae with small eggs about 35μ long. He found what he believed were the free larvae of Ollulanus, which measured about 320μ long by 15μ wide, had a truncated oral extremity and a short tail which ended in a short S-shaped tip (Fig. 1, a). The oesophagus was between one third and one half of the total length of the intestine; several transparent vesicles could be seen at its clubshaped posterior extremity. Although there are seldom more than three embryos inside the female, larvae were usually, found in large numbers throughout the whole intestinal tract of the host, as well as encysted (in cysts ·15 to ·2 mm. in diameter) on various internal organs. The cyst wall had a connective tissue-like structure of such thickness that it might be three or four times the diameter of the enclosed space.

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