The Bioassay of Insect Feeding Tokens

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Harris ◽  
A. I. Mohyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Vacuum Infiltration ◽  
Insect Feeding

AbstractThe acceptability of host plant extracts on pith, charred filter paper, and an agar diet, and vacuum infiltrated into lettuce leaves was compared on three species of Lepidoptera and two of Coleoptera. The vacuum infiltrated lettuce was eaten by two of the Lepidoptera and it was the only method acceptable to the Coleoptera. The agar diet was eaten by the three Lepidoptera while pith and charred filter paper were acceptable to only two of them. It is concluded that vacuum infiltration of lettuce leaves is a useful method for the bioassay of host plant extracts to determine if they contain insect feeding token substances.

The role of the plant in host acceptance by the parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Braimah ◽  
H. F. van Emden
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Host Acceptance ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Aphidius Rhopalosiphi ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Host Aphid ◽  
Made In

AbstractFemale Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani Perez reared on Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) made equal numbers of encounters with another suitable host aphid (Sitobion avenae (Fabricius (both Homoptera: Aphididae))) in arenas where the aphids were on either pieces of wheat leaf or moist filter paper. However, the number of oviposition stabs made in arenas with wheat was far higher than with filter paper, demonstrating the importance of host-plant cues in the acceptance of the aphids by the parasitoid. Diet reared aphids (even if subsequently fed on wheat) appeared to be accepted more readily than totally wheat reared individuals. In another arena experiment, there were more encounters with and more stabs made into both S. avenae and a non-host aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)) on wheat than on Brussels sprouts (a host plant of M. persicae), again showing the over-riding importance of host-plant cues.

scholarly journals Host Plant Determines the Population Size of an Obligate Symbiont (Buchnera aphidicola) in Aphids

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 2336-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Chen Zhang ◽  
Wen-Jie Cao ◽  
Le-Rong Zhong ◽  
H. Charles J. Godfray ◽  
Xiang-Dong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
In The Wild

ABSTRACTBuchnera aphidicolais an obligate endosymbiont that provides aphids with several essential nutrients. Though much is known about aphid-Buchnerainteractions, the effect of the host plant onBuchnerapopulation size remains unclear. Here we used quantitative PCR (qPCR) techniques to explore the effects of the host plant onBuchneradensities in the cotton-melon aphid,Aphis gossypii.Buchneratiters were significantly higher in populations that had been reared on cucumber for over 10 years than in populations maintained on cotton for a similar length of time. Aphids collected in the wild from hibiscus and zucchini harbored moreBuchnerasymbionts than those collected from cucumber and cotton. The effect of aphid genotype on the population size ofBuchneradepended on the host plant upon which they fed. When aphids from populations maintained on cucumber or cotton were transferred to novel host plants, host survival andBuchnerapopulation size fluctuated markedly for the first two generations before becoming relatively stable in the third and later generations. Host plant extracts from cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, and cowpea added to artificial diets led to a significant increase inBuchneratiters in the aphids from the population reared on cotton, while plant extracts from cotton and zucchini led to a decrease inBuchneratiters in the aphids reared on cucumber. Gossypol, a secondary metabolite from cotton, suppressedBuchnerapopulations in populations from both cotton and cucumber, while cucurbitacin from cucurbit plants led to higher densities. Together, the results suggest that host plants influenceBuchnerapopulation processes and that this may provide phenotypic plasticity in host plant use for clonal aphids.

scholarly journals HPLC Fingerprinting of Chloroform Extracts of Seven Ethnomedicinal Plants of Mizoram, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 3099-3102
Author(s):  
Longjam Shantabi ◽  
Ganesh Chandra Jagetia ◽  
Sh.Victoria Devi ◽  
H. Lalhlenmawia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Whatman Filter Paper ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Spilanthes Acmella

The present work was done for seven ethnomedicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Mizoram in order to investigate the presence of various phytoconstituents. The root-stock of Alocasia indica, leaves of Bidens pillosa, Chromolaena odorata, Elaeagnus caudata and Spilanthes acmella, the latex of Carica papaya and rhizomes of Curcuma caesia were dried and powdered. The chloroform extract of each sample were prepared by soaking dried powdered samples in chloroform for 72 h. The extracts were filtered using Whatman filter paper No. 42 (125 mm). The filtrates of plant extracts were preserved at 4-5 ºC for further process. Crude extracts of selected plants parts were analyzed using TLC coupled to HPLC fingerprinting, which gives some prominent and moderate peaks with different retention time, which may be a bioactive compounds.

Host Plant-Selection by Helicoverpa-Armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) - Role of Certain Plant Attributes

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Firempong ◽  
MP Zalucki
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Host Plant Selection ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The role of some plant properties in host plant selection by adults of the polyphagous H. armigera were investigated. Those factors found to positively influence host plant selection included presence of flowers, plant height and application of soil fertiliser. The presence of flowers greatly increased a plant's attractiveness to oviposition. Non-hosts, on which larvae did not survive, were readily oviposited on when offered in flower along with known hosts not in flower. The attractiveness of flowers may provide a mechanism for the expansion of host range. However, no effect of crude plant extracts (including various flowers) on oviposition could be detected. The role of chemical attractants is discussed. Tall plants attracted heavy oviposition and it is suggested that moths use silhouette as a cue to locating plants. There was no effect of plant water status on oviposition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document