Studies on Avian Predators of Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) With Special Reference to Picidae

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 1184-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre S. Otvos
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Avian Predators ◽  
Sierra Nevada Mountains ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Insect Predation

AbstractFour species of woodpeckers (family Picidae) are definitely known to be predaceous on the western pine beetle in the Central Sierra Nevada Mountains in California. These are: Dendrocopus villosus, Dendrocopus pubescens, Dendrocopus albolarvatus and Dryocopus pileatus. The red-shafter flicker (Colaptes cafer, Picidae), creepers (Certhiidae), nuthatches (Sittidae), and flycatchers (Tyrannidae) are thought to be predators on the western pine beetle.Predation by woodpeckers reduced the western pine beetle population by (a) actual consumption of 31.8% in two generations studied, and (b) by increasing parasite densities in the order of 3.85 factor. The increase in parasite density was believed to have been caused by bark removal to a near uniform thickness enabling a higher parasitism by those parasites with short ovipositors, such as Cecidostiba and Roptrocerus spp.One adverse effect of woodpecker predation was a reduction or a depression of insect predation. Highly mobile insect predators may have been driven away by woodpecker activity, actually consumed, or both.Bark flakes, chipped or pried off by the woodpeckers during their feeding activity, contained but few insects and it is doubtful that these could survive on the ground and reach the adult stage.

ESTIMATION OF DENDROCTONUS BREVICOMIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) MORTALITY CAUSED BY INSECT PREDATORS

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1009-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A. Berryman
Keyword(s):  
Prey Density ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Predator Density ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Very High

AbstractLaboratory and field experiments were designed to determine the effect of insect predators on the immature broods of Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte. The results indicate that predation is dependent on the predator density and the time predator and prey are exposed together. Prey density was generally very high and had little effect on the rate of predation. The corroboration of laboratory and field experiments give confidence to the conclusion that the constant predation rate (0.261 prey per predator per day) can be used to estimate western pine beetle mortality from predation, provided temperatures remain within the 60° to 70°F range.

INSECT AND HOST ODORS IN THE AGGREGATION OF THE WESTERN PINE BEETLE

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Vité ◽  
G. B. Pitman
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Insect Pheromone ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Host Odor ◽  
Host Odors ◽  
Per Se

AbstractDendroctonus brevicomis Lec. responded in flight to combinations of insect- and host-produced volatiles. Emergent female beetles crushed at −70 °C, as well as synthetic exo-7-ethyl-5-methyl-6, 8-dioxabicyclo [3.2.1] octane (“brevicomin”) attracted both sexes of the western pine beetle when offered with oleoresin freshly tapped from the host, Pinus ponderosa Laws. Offered separately, these materials were inactive. Crushed emergent Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. males per se, however, attracted flying D. brevicomis in appreciable numbers. Dominance of either host odor or insect pheromone appeared to govern the sex ratio of the responding insects.

scholarly journals Cryptic Species Discrimination in Western Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Based on Morphological Characters and Geometric Morphometrics

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Osiris Valerio-Mendoza ◽  
Jazmín García-Román ◽  
Moises Becerril ◽  
Francisco Armendáriz-Toledano ◽  
Gerardo Cuéllar-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pine Beetle

The western pine beetle (WPB), Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, is a major mortality agent of pines in North America. A total of 706 adults of WPB from 81 geographical sites were analyzed with traditional and geometric morphometric methods to evaluate the variation of discrete and quantitative morphological characters with particular attention to the antenna, spermatheca, and seminal rod. Principal coordinates and canonical variate analyses supported three geographical groups in WPB: (1) West, from British Columbia to southern California along the Pacific coast, Idaho, and Montana; (2) East-SMOC, including Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua, and Durango; and (3) SMOR, including Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Tamaulipas. The pubescence length on the elytral declivity was a robust character for separating West specimens from the other groups. Additionally, the genitalia shape both female and male in dorsal view was a reliable character for discriminating among groups. Based on these results, which agree with genetic and chemical ecology evidence, we herein reinstate Dendroctonus barberi Hopkins (East-SMOC group) and remove it from synonymy with D. brevicomis (West group). Differences in the spermatheca and seminal rod shape of SMOR specimens suggest that these populations might be a different species from D. barberi and D. brevicomis.

scholarly journals Nonhost Angiosperm Volatiles and Verbenone Protect Individual Ponderosa Pines from Attack by Western Pine Beetle and Red Turpentine Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fettig ◽  
Christopher P. Dabney ◽  
Stephen R. McKelvey ◽  
Dezene P.W. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Pine Beetle

Abstract Nonhost angiosperm volatiles (NAV) and verbenone were tested for their ability to protect individual ponderosa pines, Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws., from attack by western pine beetle (WPB), Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, and red turpentine beetle (RTB), Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae). A combination of (−)-verbenone and eight NAVs [benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, guaiacol, nonanal, salicylaldehyde, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, and (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol] (NAVV) significantly reduced the density of WPB attacks and WPB successful attacks on attractant-baited trees. A significantly higher percentage of pitchouts (unsuccessful WPB attacks) occurred on NAVV-treated trees during two of three sample dates. In addition, significantly fewer RTB attacks were observed on NAVV-treated trees during all sampling dates. The application of NAVV to individual ponderosa pines significantly reduced tree mortality, with only 4 of 30 attractant-baited trees dying from bark beetle attack while 50% mortality (15/30) was observed in the untreated, baited control. To our knowledge, this is the first report establishing the effectiveness of NAVs and verbenone for protecting individual ponderosa pines from WPB attack.

THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ARRIVAL PATTERN OF DENDROCTONUS BREVICOMIS IN PONDEROSA PINE

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick M. Stephen ◽  
Donald L. Dahlsten
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Significant Linear Correlation ◽  
Sierra Nevada Mountains ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The University ◽  
Arrival Pattern

AbstractContinuous trapping on the bark surface of trees infested with Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte was carried out during six beetle generations from June 1969 to November 1971, at the University of California’s Blodgett Forest Research Station in the central Sierra Nevada mountains. Significant linear correlation was found between the density of D. brevicomis trapped on the surface of infested trees and the initial within-tree beetle densities. In the first beetle generation, mass arrival was rapid and intense (averaging 1167 beetles per 2.7 sq. dm of trapping surface on each tree, during a mean of 8.8 days). The arrival patterns during this generation were quite consistent between trees. During the second generation, mass arrival was prolonged over a mean of 19.4 days and fewer beetles were trapped ( per 2.7 dm2 of trapping area per tree). The patterns of arrival were more variable during this second generation. In generation 1, with the exception of one tree, the beetles were distributed equally at the three trapping heights (4.5, 7.5, and 10.5 m). In generation 2 they were more abundant on the traps at the lower portions of the tree.

A Useful Secondary Sex Character in Dendroctonus Bark Beetles

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 582-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Abdominal Tergite ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Percent Accuracy

The sex of the western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis Lec.) and the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae Hopk.) can be ascertained easily and with 100 percent accuracy by means of a secondary sex character on the seventh abdominal tergite of the male. This character can probably be used with equal accuracy to identify sex in all species of the genus Dendroctonus.The need to distinguish between the sexes of adult bark beetles often arises in studies of biology, behavior, or response. The sexing procedure is laborious when large numbers of beetles are involved and external markings of sex are not known. It is then necessary to dissect each beetle to check the genitalia. Dissection is impossible when iniury to the insect must be avoided.

Acetophenone as an Anti-attractant for the Western Pine Beetle, Dendroctonus Brevicomis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Erbilgin ◽  
N. E. Gillette ◽  
S. R. Mori ◽  
J. D. Stein ◽  
D. R. Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Western Pine Beetle ◽  
Pine Beetle
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