Eggs and Oviposition Sites of Some Predacious Mirids on Apple Trees (Miridae: Hemiptera)

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 1185-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Oviposition Sites

AbstractThe eggs and oviposition sites of six species of predatory mirids from Nova Scotia apple orchards are described. These species are Hyaliodes harti Knight, Atractotomus mali (Meyer), Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight, Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, Blepharidopterus angulatus (Fall), and Pilophorus perplexus D. & S. The differences between the eggs of each species are great enough to identify them in situ.

THE EGG AND OVIPOSITION SITE OF DERAEOCORIS NEBULOSUS (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON APPLE TREES

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. McCaffrey ◽  
R. L. Horsburgh
Keyword(s):  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Oviposition Site ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Oviposition Sites

The predaceous mirid Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler) is found on more than 50 species of ornamental trees and shrubs where it feeds on several important pest species (Wheeler et al. 1975). It is a common mite and aphid predator in commercial apple orchards in Virginia (Parrella et al. 1978). Wheeler et al. (1975) described the nymphal stages and biology, but made no mention of the egg or oviposition site. We describe the egg and oviposition site which we discovered while studying various predators of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), in Virginia apple orchards. Eggs and oviposition sites of other predaceous mirids associated with apple have been described (Kullenberg 1942; Collyer 1952, 1953; Sanford 1964; Horsburgh and Asquith 1968, 1970).

The Influence of Spray Programs on the Fauna of Apple Orchards in Nova Scotia. VII. Effects on Some Beneficial Arthropods

1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. MacPhee ◽  
K. H. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Arthropod Pests

The toxicities of a large number of spray chemicals to arthropod pests are well known. In most instances, observations on the effects of such materials on natural enemies have beeen incidental to other studies, and little has been published on experiments designed to determine the direct toxicities of the chemicals to beneficial species. The effects of spray chemicals on the predators and parasites of the major pests of apple trees in Nova Scotia have been investigated as part of a broader project on the factors that influence population densities of orchard arthropods, as outlined by Pickett et al. (31).

Influence of Typhlodromus (T.) pyri Scheuten on the Development of Bryobia arborea M. & A. Populations in the Greenhouse

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 870-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Apple Trees

The brown mite, Bryobia arborea M. and A., is a widely distributed phytophagous pest of apple trees in Nova Scotia. Many predators have been observed feeding on this pest, particularly the predacious mites of the sub-family Phytoseiinae. It is difficult to assess the influence of these predators on brown mite in the field because fungicides, which are necessary in the commercial production of apples in Nova Scotia, often disrupt the relationships. Furthermore, other species of predators and prey usually found in apple orchards obscure the influence of phytoseiids on brown mite.

Seasonal wound presence and susceptibility to Neonectria ditissima infection in New Zealand apple trees

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.T. Amponsah ◽  
M. Walter R.M. Beresford ◽  
R.W.A. Scheper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Leaf Scar ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Different Types

Leaf scar wounds are important sites for Neonectria ditissima infection of apple trees Monitoring leaf fall in Scilate/Envy and Braeburn trees to estimate leaf scar wound presence showed maximum leaf scar incidence occurred in June (early winter) Wounds detected in New Zealand apple orchards were bud scale scars fruit thinning and picking wounds leaf scars and pruning cuts Picking wounds are caused during harvest where the pedicel is detached from the shoot Susceptibility of these different types of wounds was determined using artificial inoculation of N ditissima conidia during the season Pruning cut wounds were the most susceptible followed by fruit picking and thinning wounds and the least susceptible were leaf scar wounds No infections were observed when bud scale wounds were inoculated There was no difference in wound susceptibility between cultivars but overall Scilate/Envy wounds developed more lesions than Braeburn wounds

scholarly journals A85 THE CLINICAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 DELAYS ON PLASTIC BILIARY STENT REMOVAL IN NOVA SCOTIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
D R Lim ◽  
M Tsai ◽  
S E Gruchy ◽  
J Jones ◽  
G Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Biliary Stent ◽  
Biliary Stents ◽  
Stent Occlusion ◽  
Stent Removal ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Background The COVID-2019 pandemic continues to restrict access to endoscopy, resulting in delays or cancellation of non-urgent endoscopic procedures. A delay in the removal or exchange of plastic biliary stents may lead to stent occlusion with consensus recommendation of stent removal or exchange at three-month intervals [1–4]. We postulated that delayed plastic biliary stent removal (DPBSR) would increase complication rates. Aims We aim to report our single-centre experience with complications arising from DPBSR. Methods This was a retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study. All subjects who had ERCP-guided plastic biliary stent placement in Halifax, Nova Scotia between Dec 2019 and June 2020 were included in the study. DPBSR was defined as stent removal >=90 days from insertion. Four endpoints were assigned to patients: 1. Stent removed endoscopically, 2. Died with stent in-situ (measured from stent placement to documented date of death/last clinical encounter before death), 3. Pending removal (subjects clinically well, no liver enzyme elevation, not expired, endpoint 1 Nov 2020), and 4. Complication requiring urgent reintervention. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to represent duration of stent patency (Fig.1). Results 102 (47.2%) had plastic biliary stents placed between 2/12/2019 and 29/6/2020. 49 (48%) were female, and the median age was 68 (R 16–91). Median follow-up was 167.5 days, 60 (58.8%) subjects had stent removal, 12 (11.8%) died before replacement, 21 (20.6%) were awaiting stent removal with no complications (median 230d, R 30–332), 9 (8.8%) had complications requiring urgent ERCP. Based on death reports, no deaths were related to stent-related complications. 72(70.6%) of patients had stents in-situ for >= 90 days. In this population, median time to removal was 211.5d (R 91-441d). 3 (4.2%) subjects had stent-related complications requiring urgent ERCP, mean time to complication was 218.3d (R 94–441). Stent removal >=90 days was not associated with complications such as occlusion, cholangitis, and migration (p=1.0). Days of stent in-situ was not associated with occlusion, cholangitis, and migration (p=0.57). Sex (p=0.275), cholecystectomy (p=1.0), cholangiocarcinoma (p=1.0), cholangitis (p=0.68) or pancreatitis (p=1.0) six weeks prior to ERCP, benign vs. malignant etiology (p=1.0) were not significantly associated with stent-related complications. Conclusions Plastic biliary stent longevity may have been previously underestimated. The findings of this study agree with CAG framework recommendations [5] that stent removal be prioritized as elective (P3). Limitations include small sample size that could affect Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Despite prolonged indwelling stent time as a result of COVID-19, we did not observe an increased incidence of stent occlusion or other complications. Funding Agencies None

scholarly journals In situ experimental exposure of fruit-bearing shoots of apple trees to 13CO2 and construction of a dynamic transfer model of carbon

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 106595
Author(s):  
Shogo Imada ◽  
Takashi Tani ◽  
Yasuhiro Tako ◽  
Yuki Moriya ◽  
Shun'ichi Hisamatsu
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Model ◽  
Experimental Exposure ◽  
Apple Trees

The Brown Mite, Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson (Acarina: Tetranychidae), on Apple in Nova Scotia.: I. Influence of Intratree Distribution on the Selection of Sampling Units. II. Differences in Habits and Seasonal Trends in Orchards With Bivoltine and Trivoltine Populations. III. Distribution of Diapause Eggs. IV. Hatching of Diapause Eggs

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1303-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Sample Unit ◽  
The Third ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn Nova Scotia one leaf cluster with an adjoining 1 inch of twig taken from the inside of each of 10 apple trees replicated four times is an adequate sample unit to measure the density of the brown mite.The brown mite has one generation with a partial second in some orchards and one with a partial second and partial third in others. The first generation adults in the bivoltine and trivoltine populations lay summer eggs on the leaves and twigs, and diapause eggs on tin twigs. The second generation adults in the bivoltine populations lay only diapause eggs; in the trivoltine populations they lay both summer and diapause eggs. The adults of the third generation lay only diapause eggs.The brown mite is found on both the leaves and woody parts of the tree. In orchards with bivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80% by mid-July, but thereafter gradually decreased to 10% by the end of August. However, in orchards with trivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80 to 90% by mid-July, remained constant until mid-August, and thereafter decreased to approximately 40% by the end of August.The number of diapause eggs laid by adults of each generation in both the bivoltine and trivoltine populations varies widely. The eggs are deposited on the trunk as well as on the branches, with the heaviest deposition in the central area of the tree. The diapause eggs laid by adults of the first generation are the last to hatch and those laid by the third generation are the first to hatch the following spring.The factors responsible for the differences in the number of generations and in the number of diapause eggs laid are unknown.

scholarly journals Gradient Boosting Estimation of the Leaf Area Index of Apple Orchards in UAV Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3263
Author(s):  
Zhijie Liu ◽  
Pengju Guo ◽  
Heng Liu ◽  
Pan Fan ◽  
Pengzong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spatial Efficiency

The leaf area index (LAI) is a key parameter for describing the canopy structure of apple trees. This index is also employed in evaluating the amount of pesticide sprayed per unit volume of apple trees. Hence, numerous manual and automatic methods have been explored for LAI estimation. In this work, the leaf area indices for different types of apple trees are obtained in terms of multispectral remote-sensing data collected with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), along with simultaneous measurements of apple orchards. The proposed approach was tested on apple trees of the “Fuji”, “Golden Delicious”, and “Ruixue” types, which were planted in the Apple Experimental Station of the Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University in Baishui County, Shaanxi Province, China. Five vegetation indices of strong correlation with the apple leaf area index were selected and used to train models of support vector regression (SVR) and gradient-boosting decision trees (GBDT) for predicting the leaf area index of apple trees. The best model was selected based on the metrics of the coefficient of determination (R2) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE). The experimental results showed that the gradient-boosting decision tree model achieved the best performance with an R2 of 0.846, an RMSE of 0.356, and a spatial efficiency (SPAEF) of 0.57. This demonstrates the feasibility of our approach for fast and accurate remote-sensing-based estimation of the leaf area index of apple trees.

The Influence of Spray Programs on the Fauna of Apple Orchards in Nova Scotia. XIV.: Supplement to II. Oystershell Scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Predacious Mite ◽  
Winter Temperatures

AbstractThis study confirms an earlier finding that the oystershell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.) is normally controlled in Nova Scotia apple orchards by the aphelinid Aphytis mytilaspidis Le B. and the predacious mite Hemisarcoptes malus (Shimer). The effectiveness of the former may be limited in colder areas by low winter temperatures, and both species are detrimentally affected by some spray chemicals. The evidence presented indicates that either A. mytilaspidis, or H. malus, or the two of them together, may operate as key-factors in regulating the density of oystershell scale populations.

The Influence of Spray Programs on the Fauna of Apple Orchards in Nova Scotia. XI. Effects of Low Dosages of DDT on Predator Populations

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

The varied interpretations by numerous biologists, of the role of predation in population dynamics have been critically reviewed by Holling (1959) and by Huffaker and Kennett (1956). They conclude that the processes of predation may serve to regulate prey density and disagree with generalizations that minimize the role of predation. This role has been a subject of considerable interest in recent years, notable contributions being the laboratory investigations of Collyer (1958) and Huffaker (1958), and the field studics of Holling (1959).

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