The Caragana Aphid, Acyrthosiphon caraganae (Cholod.) in Western Canada, and its Separation from the Pea Aphid

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1075-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Robinson ◽  
G. A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Disease Survey ◽  
Caragana Arborescens

Except for occasional references in the Annual Reports of the Forest Insect and Disease Survey of infestations of an aphid on caragana (Caragana arborescens Lam.) in Western Canada and a note on chemical control (Bradley, 1952), there is no published record known to the authors of the occurrence of the caragana aphid, Acyrthosiphon caraganae (Cholod.), in North America. MacNay (1953) summarized reports that severe infesrations of aphids, “probably mainly the caragana aphid”, occurred on caragana in 1952 in the East Kootenays of British Columbia, and at several places in Alberta and Saskatchewan. At some localities 100 per cent defoliation was reported.

THE PEA APHID PARASITE APHIDIUS SMITHI (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE), FOUND IN ALBERTA

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1296-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Harper
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Aphid Parasite ◽  
Important Parasite

Aphidius smithi Sharma and Subba Rao is the most important parasite of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphum pisum (Harris), in North America. In 1958, it was imported into the United States from India to control the pea aphid and was subsequently released and recovered in most of continental United States except the Gulf Coast States and Texas (Halfhill et al. 1972). Mackauer and Finlayson (1967) reported that the parasite was present in Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia and had been released but not recovered in Nova Scotia. A. smithi has never been released in western Canada nor been found on the Canadian prairies before 1970.

History of the Larch Sawfly, with Notes on Origin and Biology,

1955 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Coppel ◽  
K. Leius
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Larch Sawfly ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Forest Biology

The larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichronii (Htg.), is currently considered a major forest insect pest in Canada. At the present time within Canada, the sawfly reacts to parasitism by Mesoleius tenthredinis Morley in two ways. In Manitoba and Saslratchewan the sawfly encapsulates approximately 100 per cent of the parasite eggs deposited, whereas in British Columbia encapsulation rarely exceeds four per cent (Muldrew, 1953). The reasons for the difference in degree of encapsulation are apparently unknown; however, since the origin of the sawfly itself is obscure, the possibility exists that a native species, an introduced species, Or a combination of both may he present, or that geographical or ecological units may have arisen. Studies now under way by officers of the Forest Biology and Entomology divisions are attacking the problem of identity and origin following the pattern established for the European spruce sawfly, Diprion hercyniae (Htg.). In this instance, as with the larch sawfly, parasites were introduced on the assumption that the pest had been introduced from Europe. Critical investigations by Reeks (1941) and Balch, Reeks, and Smith (1941), involving morphological, cytological, and other biological characters, showed that the species occurring in North America was one of two species common in Europe, and previously referred to there as Gilpinia polytoma (Htg.). Balch et al. (1941) showed that D. hercyniae had been introduced into North America.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 128. Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Dan E. Cole ◽  
Jane King ◽  
Alec McClay
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Far North ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
Noxious Weed

Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. (Asteraceae), known as ox-eye daisy, is a familiar perennial herb with white ray florets and yellow disc florets. It commonly inhabits roadside ver ges, pastures and old fields from Newfoundland to British Columbia, and also as far north as the Yukon Territory. Introduced from Europe, L. vulgare was well established in North America by 1800. The Canadian distribution of L. vulgare has expanded in many areas recently, particularly in western Canada. It can form dense populations that may reduce diversity of natural vegetation or pasture quality, and also serves as a host and reservoir for several species of polyphagous gall-forming Meloidogyne nematodes that feed on crops. It is considered a noxious weed under provincial legislation in Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia, as well as under the Canada Seeds Act. Control efforts are sometimes complicated by difficulties in distinguishing ox-eye daisy from some forms of the commercially available Shasta daisy ( L. × superbum).

Small-Scale Imagery in Forest Pest Surveys in British Columbia

1974 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. E. Harris
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Pest ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Disease Survey ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Accurate Record ◽  
Improved Methods

Surveillance of the large forested areas of British Columbia by personnel of the Forest Insect and Disease Survey, Canadian Forestry Service, involves ground examinations, supplemented by limited observations from small aircraft. The increasing demand for better information, however, has resulted in a search for improved methods. One answer seems to be aerial photography, which offers a permanent accurate record. Conventional aerial photographs are useful but are expensive to obtain and interpret. This study has determined that the boundaries and intensity of a variety of forest pest infestations can also be delineated on color photographs at some of the smallest scales (about 1:137,000) available, and at least some infestations that contrast well with surrounding forests can also be seen on ERTS-1 imagery. The latter has the advantage of being routinely available and cost shared by various users, while normal photography requires a specific mission. Results with ERTS-1 are encouraging, and likely improvements in future resource satellites may be of increasing value in survey programs.

scholarly journals Xylocopa sonorina Smith, 1874 from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) with comments on its taxonomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory Sheffield ◽  
Jennifer Heron ◽  
Luciana Musetti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
South Pacific Islands

Only one species of large carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica (Linnaeus, 1771), has been recorded from Canada, albeit restricted to southern Ontario and Quebec. However, a single female specimen identified by Hurd in 1954 as X. varipuncta Patton, 1879 from British Columbia is in the C.A. Triplehorn Insect Collection at The Ohio State University (OSUC), suggesting that this species was accidentally introduced into coastal western Canada. As wood-nesters, many large carpenter bees are likely capable of expanding their range great distances by natural and unnatural transport methods while nesting inside suitable substrates, the presumed mode of transport into western Canada, and likely elsewhere. The ease at which the nests are transported has likely contributed to the nomenclatural and distributional ambiguity surrounding this species due to morphological similarities of specimens from North America, Hawaii, and several South Pacific islands. By comparing DNA barcodes of specimens from the western United States to specimens from Hawaii, we confirm the early opinion of P.H. Timberlake (Timberlake 1922) that specimens long established on the Hawaiian Islands are the same X. varipuncta from continental North America. Furthermore, these DNA barcode sequences also match those of specimens identified as X. sonorina Smith, 1874 from the French Polynesian and Samoan Islands, thus fully supporting the opinion of Groom et al. (2017) that all are likely conspecific. As X. sonorina, a species described from and likely introduced to Hawaii is the oldest name available, X. varipuncta is here placed into synonymy. Additional research will be needed to trace the timing and pathway of introduction and establishment of X. sonorina; it is presumed that the species is native to the southwestern United States but has been established in Hawaii since the mid-1800s. It is also established in French Polynesia, the Samoan Islands, and likely other south Pacific islands, with additional records of occurrence from Java, New Zealand, and now Canada.

scholarly journals Signatures of post-glacial genetic isolation and human-driven migration in the Dothistroma needle blight pathogen in western Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Capron ◽  
Nicolas Feau ◽  
Renate Heinzelmann ◽  
Irene Barnes ◽  
Andy Benowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
North America ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Population History ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Haplotypic Diversity ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Needle Blight

Many current tree improvement programs are incorporating assisted gene flow strategies to match reforestation efforts with future climates. This is the case for the lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), the most extensively planted tree in western Canada. Knowledge of the structure and origin of pathogen populations associated with this tree would help improve the breeding effort. Recent outbreaks of the Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) pathogen Dothistroma septosporum on lodgepole pine in British Columbia and its discovery in Alberta plantations raised questions about the diversity and population structure of this pathogen in western Canada. Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) on 119 D. septosporum isolates from 16 natural pine populations and plantations from this area, we identified four genetic lineages, all distinct from the other DNB lineages from outside of North America. Modeling of the population history indicated that these lineages diverged between 31.4 and 7.2k years ago, coinciding with the last glacial maximum and the post-glacial recolonization of lodgepole pine in western North America. The lineage found in the Kispiox Valley from British Columbia, where an unprecedented DNB epidemic occurred in the 1990s, was close to demographic equilibrium and displayed a high level of haplotypic diversity. Two lineages found in Alberta and Prince George (British Columbia) showed departure from random mating and contemporary gene flow, likely resulting from pine breeding activities and material exchanges in these areas. The increased movement of planting material could have some major consequences by facilitating secondary contact between genetically isolated DNB lineages, possibly resulting in new epidemics.

scholarly journals Zoppola, Zoppolani and Migration to Western Canada: A Sample Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-132
Author(s):  
Gabriella Colussi Arthur
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Historical Scholarship ◽  
Ellis Island ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Friuli Venezia Giulia

This paper investigates the departures and arrivals of a group of Zoppolani, Italians from the northeast of Italy who travelled through Ellis Island to British Columbia in search of work between 1906 and 1923. Zoppola is a municipality located in the center west of the autonomous Friuli Venezia-Giulia Region in northeast Italy, and it is approximately 90 km northwest of Friuli Venezia-Giulia’s capital city of Trieste. It was one of many northern Italian towns from which migrants to North America originated. However, little is known of the considerable number of Zoppolani who left the area in the early 1900s and made their way to western Canada. This sample study examines the historical scholarship in the field, considers challenges posed by a variety of archival records and argues that an understanding of the local geography and history of both the comune of Zoppola and the province of British Columbia is essential to the overall interpretation of the emigrant history discussed.

scholarly journals NEW NOCTUIDS FROM BRITISH NORTH AMERICA, WITH NOTES ON SOME OTHERS

1900 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
John B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
General Character ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
British North America ◽  
General Region ◽  
Interesting Species

Of late years a few collectors have been sending material from various points in Western Canada, Manitoba and British Columbia. Mr. Dod at Calgary, Mr. Hanham at Winnipeg, and Mr. Heath at Cartwright, have collected many interesting species. Dr. Fletcher has sent me examples from other collectors in the same general region, so that we have now some little basis for a judgment as to the general character of the Noctuid fauna.

REVISION OF THE MACROPSINI AND NEOPSINI OF THE NEW-WORLD (RHYNCHOTA: HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE), WITH NOTES ON INTERSEX MORPHOLOGY

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (S123) ◽  
pp. 5-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. A. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New World ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Northwestern North America

AbstractThe Neopsini encompasses two genera, both exclusively Neotropical: Neopsis Oman (5 species) and Nollia n. gen. (2 species). Neopsis amazonica n. sp., Neopsis tumidifrons n. sp., Neopsis magna n. sp. (Brazil), and Nollia rustica n. sp. (Chile) are described, and the genera and species of the Neopsini are keyed.The New-World Macropsini encompasses five genera: Pediopsis Burmeister (1 species), Pediopsoides Matsumura (2 species), Reticopsis Hamilton (2 species), Macropsis Lewis (55 species), and Oncopsis Burmeister (36 species). Biological and morphological data are used to define the species in this taxonomically difficult tribe, with the result that 45 new species are described: Macropsis acapulco, M. dimorpha, M. igniscutellata, M. mexicana, M. oncopsimilis, and M. zebra from Mexico; Macropsis aureocephala, M. californiensis, M. ferrax, M. inversalis, M. palustris, M. pulchra, Oncopsis arizona, O. aureostria, and Reticopsis udrobates from southern California and Arizona; Oncopsis insignifica, O. mica, and O. tangenta from Utah; Macropsis borealis, M. rufescens, Oncopsis albicollis, O. incidens, O. interior, O. juno, O. marilynae, O. monticola, and O. tenuifoliae from northwestern North America; Macropsis dixiensis and O. infumata from southeastern North America; Macropsis decisa, M. jocosa, M. microceps, M. tunicata, M. xena, Oncopsis citrella, O. concurrens, O. dentata, O. deluda, O. prolixa, O. quebecensis, and O. vartyi from northeastern North America; and Macropsis deviridis, Oncopsis citra, O. crispae, and O. prairiana from Canada. Five new subspecies are described: O. cinctifrons kootenensis, O. prairiana ferrosus, and O. prairiana occidentalis, all from southern British Columbia; Oncopsis nigrinasi florida from Florida; and Macropsis deviridis alberta from western Canada. Five new synonymies are created. Keys to all taxa, host associations, and distribution maps are provided and the colour phases of the various polymorphic species are analyzed.The morphology and significance of intersex individuals of Oncopsis spp. are discussed.

Evidence of Xyleborinus attenuatus (Blandford 1894) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) populations in Quebec, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Valentin Popa ◽  
Claude Guertin ◽  
Robert Werbiski
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Six species of the genus Xyleborinus (Reitter 1913) have been reported in North America. Five of these species were introduced, and one species is considered native to North and South America. Xyleborinus attenuatus (Blandford 1894), which was introduced into the Americas from Asia, was first recorded in 1995 in western Canada, in the province of British Columbia, and then in 2007 in the province of Nova Scotia, in eastern Canada. In Quebec, X. attenuatus was initially recorded in 2009 based on a single captured specimen. In this study, we present additional evidence of the presence of this alien ambrosia beetle in Quebec, Canada.

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